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SOCIO-PHILOSOPHICAL ASPECTS OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE
PHENOMENON OF PATRIOTISM IN YOUNG PEOPLE
Rakhimov Alisher Sharofidinovich
Independent researcher of Fergana State University
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13162067
Abstract:
In the article, the theoretical and methodological foundations of
the socio-philosophical research of the phenomenon of youth patriotism in the
process of spiritual growth of New Uzbekistan, the priority tasks of education of
patriotism in young people in the process of spiritual growth of New Uzbekistan
are studied. Also, the need to study the processes of spiritual growth of New
Uzbekistan and the factors that develop it is analyzed.
Key words:
New Uzbekistan, scientific-methodological basis, socio-
philosophical, phenomenon, spiritual growth, patriotism, modernity, historical-
philosophical basis, objectivity, historicity, systematicity, analysis, synthesis,
induction-deduction.
INTRODUCTION.
At a time when serious threats to humanity are
increasing, it is becoming an urgent social task for scientists to educate people to
feel patriotism, to teach them to fully understand the meaning of the concept of
"Motherland", to explain that patriotism is a high moral principle. However,
moral principles are also specific forms of moral awareness, in which moral
requirements are highlighted in a relatively general way. They are manifested in
the form of demands placed on the individual by the society, and determine the
moral essence of a person, the meaning of his life, and the main aspects of his
interactions with people. As a result, principles serve as the basis for many
moral standards, indicating the general direction of human behavior.
LITERATURE ANALYSIS AND METHODS.
The processes of spiritual
growth in Uzbekistan are promoted on the basis of the principle of "From
national revival to national growth", conceptual ideas in the works, speeches,
articles and selective meetings of the President of Uzbekistan Shavkat
Mirziyoyev, as well as the philosophical heritage of the East and the West. serves
as a scientific-methodological basis for this research.
A number of studies have been carried out that include the problems
related to clarifying the importance of the processes of spiritual growth in the
new stage of development of Uzbekistan. S. Shermuhammedov, A. Saidov, B.
Toraev, J. Yakhshilikov, N. Joraev, Q. Nazarov, S. Otamurodov, S. Karimov, A.
Kholbekov, R. Jumaev, B. Karimov, T. Our scientists, such as Joraev, I. Ergashev, S.
Joraev, M. Kyrgyzboev, A. Erkaev, M. Bekmurodov, V. Kochkarov, M. Jakbarov, A.
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Muminov, have conducted various researches on the development of the social
sphere in society. carried out. Scientists such as R. Ubaidullaeva, Kh.
Abdusattorova have conducted research on the importance of the innovative
factor in the new era of social development.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION.
According to ethicist Abdulla Sher,
"patriotism is a moral concept that means a person's love for his Motherland, his
desire to preserve it. ... Feel joy from the successes achieved by the Motherland
on all fronts, sadness from the failures, be proud of the Motherland, look with
love at every inch of its land, every brick of its buildings, ancient monuments,
achievements in science and art , protecting them like the apple of an eye, all this
is patriotism." According to another scientist, Erkin Yusupov, "love for the
country is not a political ideology, but a perfect morality and mature spirituality.
Accordingly, all qualities included in the concept of patriotism are included in
the system of moral values. Therefore, patriotism in its essence is deeper than
simple respect for a region, a country. Patriotism is the attitude to the homeland
that rises to the level of spirituality and gives purpose and direction to human
activity. "Patriotism can be seen in the activities of some individuals." However,
such activity becomes an important factor of development only when it is
socialized and rises to the level of spirituality characteristic of the majority.
Another scientist, Qiyamiddin Nazarov, interprets patriotism as a
universal concept and connects it with the features of the idea of development of
the Motherland. In his opinion, "patriotism is a socio-spiritual feeling that
emerged in the process of historical development, formed under the influence of
the external environment and times, and matured. It is formed, expanded and
improved throughout the life of each person. Of course, when a person grows up
and becomes an adult, he realizes that the whole Earth is a common space for a
human child, he learns that Mother Earth is the only Homeland for man in the
Solar System. He understands the need to protect this land. Patriotism based on
such a vision is a universal concept. So, patriotism is a worldview based on the
appreciation of belonging, formed on the basis of the qualities of social
consciousness.
It should be noted that patriotism is used in foreign scientific sources as
patriotism (Greek: patriotes - countryman, "patris" - Motherland) as love for the
Motherland, attachment to the country of birth and loyalty to it. However,
patriotism is often interpreted as a spiritual and ideological weapon against the
enemies of the Motherland, the basis of the national identity of the people, and
love for the history, culture, and values of the Motherland. In fact, compared to
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patriotism, the scope of patriotism is much wider in terms of content - it is a
relatively specific form of humanitarianism. It is not only a struggle to protect
the freedom of one's countrymen, but also actions in the way of human freedom.
In this sense, the defense of the Motherland is the defense of a person, the
defense of the nation. But this protection, as we said above, can be manifested
not only on the battlefield, but also in all areas. In this sense, patriotism, in
addition to glorifying the homeland, is the ability to protect its dignity and
independence. The importance of patriotism is more evident in the most
responsible periods of the country's development. In this sense, patriotism is a
mature spirituality.
Research scientist E. Kalkanov interprets patriotism as a social
phenomenon. According to his opinion, "patriotism as an attributive feature of
forms of social consciousness, the etymological meanings of the concepts of
"Motherland" and "patriotism" - the meaning of loving the motherland and one's
people - are given as a human feeling - a spiritual phenomenon. Also, patriotism
means that a person feels closeness to certain peoples and territories, self-
awareness and the formation of loyalty to the motherland and people, and
loyalty is the root of them, and loyalty is a condition for the existence of
patriotism. For example, he analyzes the fact that patriotism and
internationalism are two opposing sides of loyalty to the motherland and people
in the human heart, which differ from each other and require each other. gives
the following definition: "Patriotism is the ethnogenetic, natural-legal, moral,
economic and political feelings of faith that arise in the psyche of people in a
certain geographical area, within a certain community - people, nation. It
belongs to the attributive features of a number of forms of social consciousness
and acts as a coordination of certain beliefs and behavior. "Patriotism is a
spiritual phenomenon with its own substantial integrity." So, patriotism opens
with the concepts of selflessness and loyalty. Their manifestation shows
patriotism in a person.
Another important issue related to the moral content of the concept of
patriotism is its aspects related to moral norms such as national pride and
honor. In educational and methodological literature on social sciences,
patriotism is interpreted as one of the respectable values ingrained in the blood
of our people. Also, patriotic education is an integral part of the national
ideology, and it is very important to educate military personnel in this spirit.
Because one of the tasks of the national independence ideology is "... to realize
identity in the thinking of our compatriots, to be faithful to historical memory, to
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preserve our sacred values, to perfect patriotic feelings." So, in fact, patriotic
education is carried out on the basis of ideological educational programs, and
patriotism is inculcated based on the ideology of the development of society.
Based on the above-mentioned opinions, the following conclusion can be
made by summarizing the conceptual views on the philosophical, moral, social
and spiritual nature of patriotism:
First of all, patriotism is an important source of internal mobilization of
the state's vitality for the development of society, a moral basis that manifests
itself as an individual's active civic views, his readiness to selflessly serve his
homeland.
Secondly, patriotism is serving the country with loyalty, ensuring the
integrity and sovereignty of the country, its national security, sustainable
development, the priority of the interests of society and the state over individual
interests and aspirations, as the highest goal of life, manifested in the activities
of the individual, all social groups and layers of society. The main criterion for
dividing duty and obligation is social behavior and self-revealing virtue.
Thirdly, patriotism is not a limitation of social and individual freedoms of
citizens in relation to the state, but rather an incentive and a condition for the
comprehensive development of civil society, consciously and voluntarily
accepted views.
Loyalty to the motherland is one of the highest principles of morality,
these principles are not created by any individual, they are considered to be
legal rules that have arisen as forms of moral consciousness in the course of life
in accordance with certain social relations. legal provisions that reflect the
general requirements related to the spiritual essence, duty, meaning of life and
the nature of interactions between people, indicate the general direction of
human activity and serve as a basis for certain norms of behavior it is said.
It is correct to bring devotion as a concept compatible with loyalty to the
country. In the explanatory dictionary, "Sacrifice is the behavior of people who
are ready to sacrifice their legitimate interests, even their lives, for the benefit of
others, who can pass themselves off as the highest goals and ideals common to
society. a spiritual concept expressing actions" is defined. In general, the
qualities present in the human heart are mutually harmonious and serve to
improve the perfection of the person.
Devotion is often cited in artistic and popular literature. In particular,
according to O. Makhmudov in his work "Farzandnoma", "the first sign of
devotion is patriotism. This great human quality is in the nature of a devotee.
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Where there is patriotism, loyalty to the Motherland and the idea of protecting it
like the apple of one's eye becomes the highest goal. Strong faith in a noble goal,
trust in fellow countrymen, purity of speech, courage and selflessness in taking
responsibility constitute the content of his life. Naturally, people in this category
are called devotees." So, as can be seen from these thoughts, it is possible to see
that the qualities of patriotism and self-sacrifice are very close to each other.
According to some researchers, a comprehensive approach to patriotic
education requires a goal-oriented and multifaceted approach. It is analyzed that
patriotism should serve as the main goal of all activities aimed at educating a
perfect person and the beginning of educational work. It is also shown that the
strong sense of patriotism and national pride in young people ensures the
strength and stability of their needs for spiritual maturity. Also, "patriotic
education is a planned, systematic, goal-oriented and coordinated activity of
state bodies, public associations and organizations on the formation of a high
sense of patriotism, a sense of loyalty to one's country, preparation for fulfilling
civic duty and protecting its interests in young people" , in scientific
generalizations, new views about the social content, scientific necessity and
theoretical importance of patriotism are put forward. However, patriotism can
be interpreted more broadly from the point of view of educational subjects.
CONCLUSION.
In the current era, patriotism is required to become a
characteristic characteristic of young people who deeply respect the history and
fate of the motherland, people, and are able to show examples of selflessness in
the interests of the Motherland. Because, only when love for the motherland and
trust in its future are formed on the basis of a single goal aimed at the interests
of the nation, patriotism becomes a virtue of all people who connect their fate
with the fate of the homeland and the nation.
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