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ANALYSIS OF STUDIES ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF ECOLOGICAL
COMPETENCE IN THE CONDITIONS OF MODERN
ENVIRONMENTAL EDUCATION
Khodzhibolayeva Nozima Ma'murovna
Doctoral student of the Kokan State Pedagogical Institute
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13912011
Abstract:
This article analyzes research on the development of
environmental competence in the conditions of modern environmental
education. The scientific-pedagogical foundations of ecological competence
development have been studied.
Key words:
culture, ecology, ecological education, reproductive,
alternative, retrospective, ecological competence, competence.
INTRODUCTION.
In the process of studying the ecological education
system, comparing the ecological education and upbringing system in several
developed countries, the innovative educational environment created in
educational institutions, the modern teaching system and the high level of
ecological knowledge and skills to study the factors that caused it to be at the
level and to create effective methods based on the creative use of these
experiences during research, to develop the environmental competence of
students.
LITERATURE ANALYSIS AND METHODS.
Pedagogical aspects of the
foundations of environmental education, the causes of environmental risks in
the era of globalization, ways to eliminate them, scientific research aimed at
developing some aspects of environmental competence in students Q.
Abdurahimov, I. Kh. Ayubova, P. Berdanova, N. Bozorova, R. Kh. Y. Ahmadaliyev,
N. Isakulova, Sh. Kamolkho'jayev, A. Malikova, M. E. Musayeva, V. Nikitin, N. O'.
Nishonova, H. Norbo'tayev, T. Saparov, V. N. Sattorov, H. Togayev, E. O. It was
carried out by Turdikulov, U. Turdikulov, D. Tokhliyev, A.S. Tokhtayev, A.
Ergashev, Sh. Yunusova.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION.
It is appropriate to consider the approaches
and scientific conclusions of scientists who have conducted research in these
areas in order to clarify the scientific and pedagogical foundations of the
development of ecological competence.
Czech scientist Y. Demek includes environmental education among political
issues and categorizes its tasks in the following directions:
1) acquisition of knowledge, experiences, skills related to man and nature;
2) creating the ability to protect the environment;
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3) ensuring a social attitude and collective approach to the solution of
environmental problems;
4) formation of a positive belief in nature, development of ecological ethics.
After all, today's educational tasks - ensuring the integration of various forms of
social consciousness with ecological thinking - have become more urgent than
ever.
In the Republic of Uzbekistan, the main goal of the "Concept for the
Development of Ecological Education" is the formation and development of
ecological knowledge, consciousness and culture in the young generation, the
effective organization of the ecological education process, as well as the
promotion of ecological science in the world. consists of further improvement
involving advanced innovative technologies.
Environmental competence should be formed and developed in the
educational system up to higher education. In his research, Y. Ahmadaliyev
commented on the importance of proper organization of extracurricular
activities in environmental education in school education. on the basis of the
organization of circles, students' interest in nature will increase, their attitude
towards it will increase, their attitude towards it will be formed consciously, and
their interest in other educational subjects will increase even more" [2], he says.
Therefore, if environmental competence is formed and developed in preschool
and school education, it is possible to achieve the intended goal and to a certain
extent get rid of environmental problems caused by the human factor.
In her scientific research, N.Abdullayeva emphasizes that the question of
the role of man in the earth's ecosystem should become a topic of attention of
ecologists, philosophers, and cultural scientists in connection with the growing
ecological crisis. According to his conclusions, "the world will be saved today by
people who deeply understand the laws of nature, feel that man is a part of
nature, and act on this basis. Human activity, without spontaneous impact on
nature, must be in accordance with a purpose and develop harmoniously with it.
And this depends on the level of moral-ecological consciousness and culture,
which is formed in every person from childhood and continues until the end of
his life" [1]. So, the main reason for the origin of the global ecological decline is
not only the economic growth and increased consumer potential of humanity,
but also the "poverty" of its humanistic attitude to nature. Implementation of the
above-mentioned effective measures for environmental protection, elimination
of a large-scale environmental threat, necessary conditions for the birth and
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development of a physically healthy young generation for the population of the
republic, and ecologically allows to create a clean living environment.
In the framework of G.Sherkoziyeva's research, it is emphasized that
environmental protection and economical use of natural resources are
considered an important environmental problem of today [8]. Kh. Nazarov to
scientifically study and analyze the interrelationship of the ecological and moral
environment, to identify problems and find solutions to them, to prevent
negative effects of environmental threats on the development of society,
people's lives and health, to improve the ecological thinking of the population
emphasizes the importance of raising awareness of future dangers to the
population and, by extension, to humanity as a whole.
SH. Ochilov's dissertation on the topic "Technologies for the development of
environmental competence of students in interdisciplinary teaching of physics"
[5] researched the structure and components of ecological competence of
students in interdisciplinary teaching of physics, as well as methodological
conditions for developing environmental competence of students in
interdisciplinary teaching of physics. done The researcher concludes that it is
necessary to develop knowledge and skills of social ecology in students,
especially in the teaching of physics and biology, the importance of social-
ecological knowledge is high.
In N. Mirzayeva's research, the study of the typological level of students'
acceptance of knowledge and the development of ecological competence is a
pedagogical-psychological problem, with the scientific-theoretical justification of
the benchmarking strategy in the modern environmental education system and
comparative analysis [4].
Kh. Khushvaktova tried to develop the theoretical foundations of the
development of ecological worldview in students in the process of teaching the
science of "Ecology and nature protection", the formation of ecological
competences such as ecological awareness, ecological responsibility, ecological
volition, respect for ecological values [7].
G.Salomova in her dissertation on the topic "Social-psychological
characteristics of the formation of ethnocultural competence in students" [6]
studies the socio-pedagogical foundations of the formation of ethno-ecological
knowledge and skills, which are a component of ethnocultural competence in
students.
In her research, G. Ismailova tried to improve the methods of forming and
developing ecological culture in students based on modern approaches, and in
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the teaching of the history of Uzbekistan, based on the characteristics of the
system of classroom and non-auditory training processes that serve to form and
develop ecological culture in students. develops recommendations to ensure the
integration of studied concepts [3].
Another researcher, L. Abdunazarov, in his dissertation entitled "Improving
the theoretical foundations of ecological education and upbringing" develops
proposals and recommendations for improving the theoretical foundations of
adaptation of environmental education and upbringing to modern requirements
in the educational process.
At the new stage of development of the society, a certain experience is
gained in the elimination of environmental problems and prevention of their
negative consequences. However, the scale of tasks in the field requires a
comprehensive solution to the problems of improving the ecological situation in
our country and the region, and in this regard, combining the efforts of state
bodies, public associations, civil society institutions, and citizens. Protecting a
healthy and beautiful environment is the most important task of the state,
society and every citizen.
Wasteful use of any material wealth, destruction of natural resources -
underground resources, water, land, plants and animals - was considered a
crime and a sin. In a narrow sense, the concept of uvol represents the sparing
use of bread, water, salt, and grass, but in a broad sense, it reflects the rational
use of all natural resources. Our nation has a number of historical achievements
with purely ecological content. One of them is called "taganak". According to this
custom, the people living in the mountains and foothills gather in early spring,
open the springs in the mountains, clear the paths of the valleys from branches
and mud, and cut the dry branches of the trees. Even today, the restoration,
expansion, and spread of these industries play an important role in the
formation of ecological culture.
It is necessary to develop ecological competence in the preservation of
nature, to treat it based on high ethical standards, to form ecological and ethical
responsibility, to increase students' knowledge and skills, practical experience,
and worldview. Therefore, the task of increasing environmental culture and
further development of the ecological education system directly goes back to the
problems of ecoethics.
CONCLUSION.
Today, people have become accustomed to treating nature with
care, not to restore it, but to use more of its blessings. The predominance of
consumer psychology, environmental violations, living only thinking about
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today is destroying the ecological situation. These problems also arise from the
neglect of environmental education and training. The shallow ecological
consciousness of the population is due to the ineffectiveness and ineffectiveness
of the ecological education system. Not everyone understands environmental
problems, because most people get knowledge about ecology from the media or
from what they hear around them. That is why it is necessary to systematically
organize environmental knowledge and education, thereby using our historical
achievements with ecological content.
References:
1.
Abdullaeva N.B. Modern problems of ecoethics - Tashkent: Science. 2019. -
B. 7.
2.
Ahmadaliev Yu.I. Ethnoecology. - Fergana: "Slassic", - 2021. -B. 79.
3.
Ismailova G. Improving the methods of formation and development of
environmental culture among students (in the example of the history of
Uzbekistan). Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) Dissertation in Pedagogical Sciences. -
Namangan.: NamDU. 2022. -B. 44.
4.
Mirzaeva N. Methodology for improving the system of environmental
competence development in students. Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) Dissertation
in Pedagogical Sciences. -Chirchik.: ChDPU. 2021. -B. 47.
5.
Achilov Sh. Technologies for the development of student environmental
competence in interdisciplinary teaching of physics. Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
Dissertation in Pedagogical Sciences. - Samarkand.: SamDU. 2021. -B. 45.
6.
Salomova G. Socio-psychological features of formation of ethnocultural
competence in students. Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) Dissertation in
Psychological Sciences. -Tashkent.: UzMU. -B. 46.
7.
Khushvaktova Kh. Improvement of methodological bases of teaching
"ecology and nature protection" in higher education institutions. Doctor of
Philosophy (PhD) Dissertation in Pedagogical Sciences. -Chirchik.: ChDPU. 2021.
-B. 44.
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Sherkozieva G.F. and others. Ethics problems in the field of ecology and
ways to solve them // Current issues of ethics and aesthetics. Tashkent. 2021.
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