European International Journal of Pedagogics
216
https://eipublication.com/index.php/eijp
TYPE
Original Research
PAGE NO.
216-218
DOI
3
OPEN ACCESS
SUBMITED
28 March 2025
ACCEPTED
24 April 2025
PUBLISHED
30 May 2025
VOLUME
Vol.05 Issue05 2025
COPYRIGHT
© 2025 Original content from this work may be used under the terms
of the creative commons attributes 4.0 License.
Specific Aspects of Using
Wind Energy
Rakhbarjon Matyakubov
4th year student, group 402, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Geography and
Fundamentals of Economic Knowledge, Bachelor's degree program,
Nizami National Pedagogical University of Uzbekistan
Shokhrukh Kholyorov
4th year student, group 402, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Geography and
Fundamentals of Economic Knowledge, Bachelor's degree program,
Nizami National Pedagogical University of Uzbekistan
Anvar Rasulov
Associate Professor, Department of Geography and Teaching Methods,
Nizami Uzbek National Pedagogical University, PhD Tashkent, Uzbekistan
Abstract:
This article examines the advantages of wind
energy and the experience of wind energy in developed
countries such as China, the USA, and Germany. The
article analyzes the possibilities of using wind energy in
the Republic of Uzbekistan, its existing resources, and
development prospects. It also analyzes the technology
of building wind power plants, and major projects being
implemented in Uzbekistan, including wind power
plants in the Republic of Karakalpakstan, Navoi, and
Bukhara regions.
Keywords:
Wind power plant (WPP), modernization,
"green" energy, European Bank for Reconstruction and
Development (EBRD), operation, investment.
Introduction:
In recent years, interest in the use of
environmentally friendly, renewable energy sources in
the energy sector has been growing all over the world.
Traditional energy sources - oil, gas and coal - are
distinguished by their negative impact on human health,
environmental damage and limited reserves. That is
why many countries, including Uzbekistan, are paying
great attention to renewable energy sources, in
particular wind energy.
The geographical location of the Republic of Uzbekistan,
climatic conditions and high wind speeds in some
regions indicate that the country has potential for the
development of wind energy. In particular, in the
Karakalpakstan, Navoi, Bukhara regions, the average
annual wind speed is around 5
–
7 m/s, which allows for
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the effective use of wind power plants. At a time when
the country's energy needs are increasing year by year,
the development of wind resources is an important
factor not only in ensuring energy security, but also in
maintaining environmental sustainability [1].
Main part. Wind energy has advantages over other
types of alternative energy sources, which can be
analyzed in the following areas:
The main advantages of wind are that it is an
inexhaustible resource.
It can be available in any season, at any time of the day.
As long as there is atmosphere and solar heat, there
will be wind. As a result of using wind resources,
humanity will not be dependent on limited and fossil
resources. Wind power plants do not pollute. The most
important advantage is that the electricity generated
by wind does not emit any harmful and toxic gases
(carbon dioxide (CO₂), nitrogen oxides (NOₓ) and other
harmful gases) into the environment. Wind power
plants do not pollute water resources and have
minimal impact on natural ecosystems. [2. 23-p.].
Although the construction of wind power plants
initially requires large investments, later operating
costs are low. Since wind is a free resource, the price
of electricity produced is stable and economically
profitable. In addition, there is an opportunity to save
natural gas for use in other areas than electricity
generation. In addition, the development of wind
energy creates new jobs in the construction, operation
and service sectors (almost 150 thousand people work
in the wind industry in all 50 states of the USA, and this
number is constantly growing). This gives an impetus
to increase local human resources and introduce new
technologies. In addition, wind power plants can
operate in a variety of conditions, without being
connected to large central systems, and can be
installed on a small scale even in remote and
mountainous areas. This helps to electrify remote
areas that are not provided with electricity [4].
The experience of a number of developed countries in
obtaining wind energy was studied. In particular, China
is currently the world leader in the field of wind energy,
and in 2023 the total capacity of wind power plants will
exceed 282.0 GW. China will receive 71.67 GW of wind
energy annually. This energy is mainly obtained
through strong and stable wind resources in the
regions of Inner Mongolia, Xinjiang and Shanxi. China's
main strategy is to expand the sector by developing its
own technologies, using large land areas and providing
tax incentives to foreign investors. The low-cost policy
of domestic enterprises, the systematic study of
foreign advanced technologies and their practical
application have significantly increased the technical
level. In the United States, the capacity of wind energy
has reached 117.7 GW, and more than 434.8 billion
kilowatt-hours of energy are obtained from wind
annually. Wind energy in this country accounts for
about 10% of total electricity. The main wind resources
are located in the states of Texas, Iowa, Oklahoma and
Kansas. In the United States, wind farms are mainly
operated by the private sector. At the same time, the
state pays special attention to the modernization of the
energy sector by financing scientific research.
In Germany, wind power capacity is 70 gigawatts and
222 MW of energy is produced annually. In this country,
25 percent of electricity is generated from wind.
Germany mainly uses strong winds located along the
North Sea coast, in particular in the Schleswig-Holstein
and Brandenburg regions. The construction of offshore
wind farms, digitalization of energy networks, and
creation of opportunities for direct investment by
citizens play an important role in the country's strategy
[5].
Uzbekistan, due to its geographical location and natural
and climatic conditions, is a potential country for the
development of renewable energy, including wind
resources. In recent years, large-scale research and
investment projects have been launched in the country
to study and implement wind energy.
High wind speed areas: In some areas of the republic,
wind speeds are high enough for energy purposes,
making it economically feasible to build wind power
plants there. (According to UZGIDROMED, in any region
of our republic at any time of the year it is around 5-10
m/s. In particular: The Republic of Karakalpakstan is one
of the regions with the highest wind resources, where
there is a stable wind flow throughout the year. The
wind speed is around 6.5
–
7.2 m/s throughout the year.
It is planned to build several large wind power plants
(wind power plants) in this region by 2030. The wind
speed is especially high in the Tomdi district and its
surroundings, where the wind speed is around 5.8
–
6.4
m/s throughout the year. The Gijduvan and Peshku
districts of Bukhara region are also favorable zones for
wind energy, where the wind speed in this region is
around 5.5
–
6.0 m/s throughout the year.
Today, several projects have been launched in
Uzbekistan to build wind power plants. In particular:
The UAE's Masdar and China's Goldwind companies
have signed agreements to build a 500 MW wind power
plant worth $600 million in the Tomdi district of Navoi
region. When fully commissioned in 2024, the plant will
generate 1.8 billion kWh of electricity per year and save
546 million cubic meters of natural gas per year.
The Chinese company Liaoning Leader has signed an
agreement to build two 1,000 MW wind power plants
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European International Journal of Pedagogics
worth $1.3 billion in the Gijduvan and Peshku districts
of Bukhara region. When these plants are
commissioned in 2023, they will supply 3.6 billion kWh
of electricity per year and save 1.1 billion cubic meters
of natural gas per year.
A 200 MW wind power plant worth $250 million in the
Beruni and Karaozak districts of the Republic of
Karakalpakstan A tender was held jointly with the
European Bank for Reconstruction and Development
to build a wind power plant with a capacity of 10.3
gigawatts. The winner of the tender was the company
ACWA Power with a tariff proposal of 2.57 US cents per
1 kWh of electricity. By 2030, it is planned to build 10
large wind power plants with a total capacity of 10.3
gigawatts in Karakalpakstan at the expense of direct
investments of 11 billion dollars. When these projects
are fully operational, 35 billion kilowatt hours of
"green" energy will be generated annually [6].
Studies show that the Ministry of Energy is
implementing the plans set out in the concept for the
development of wind energy ahead of schedule. As a
result, by 2030, the total capacity of wind power plants
in the country is expected to reach 5,000 MW. Most of
them are planned to be built in the Republic of
Karakalpakstan.
During the implementation of wind power projects,
measures are also being taken to safely integrate them
into a single energy system.
The construction of a wind power plant (WPP) is
carried out in several stages. First, an investor is found.
For example, the European Bank for Reconstruction
and Development (EBRD) has allocated investment for
the WPP being built in Karakalpakstan. Then, an area
with strong winds is selected and wind power is
measured there for 1
–
2 years. After that, the project is
calculated and permits are obtained. Construction
work lasts 1.5
–
2 years. Finally, the plant is
commissioned and operates under control.
CONCLUSION
Uzbekistan is one of the countries with great potential
for wind energy. The existing natural and climatic
conditions, especially the stable wind speed
throughout the year in some regions, allow for the
effective use of wind energy.
The development of wind energy plays an important
role in ensuring the environmental sustainability of
Uzbekistan, as it reduces dependence on traditional
fuel sources and significantly reduces emissions of
harmful gases into the atmosphere. In addition, the
commissioning of wind power plants creates jobs. This,
in turn, creates beautiful landscapes and increases the
number of tourists visiting the country.
In conclusion, the development of wind energy in
Uzbekistan will not only ensure stable energy supply
and economic independence, but also ensure the
country's active participation in global environmental
initiatives. Therefore, one of the urgent tasks is to
develop comprehensive and long-term strategies in this
area, study international experience and implement it in
practice.
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2023
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2. PULATOVA D.M. "WIND ENERGY", TASHKENT
STATE TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY NAMED AFTER
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