EIJP ISSN: 2751-000X
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211
TECHNOLOGY FOR IMPROVING SPEED-STRENGTH PHYSICAL QUALITIES OF SKILLED
ATHLETES
Sh. D. Djahongirov
Associate professor, Namangan State Pedagogical Institute, Uzbekistan
AB O U T ART I CL E
Key words:
Track and field, speed-strength
qualities, plyometric
exercises,
innovative
technology, maximum strength, reactive jump,
sprint, experimental program, athlete training,
physical quality development.
Received:
20.12.2024
Accepted
: 25.12.2024
Published
: 30.12.2024
Abstract:
This article is dedicated to the
development and testing of an innovative
technology aimed at improving the speed-strength
physical qualities of skilled track and field athletes.
An experimental training program was developed,
based on plyometric exercises, short-distance
sprints, and weight training. The changes in the
experimental and control groups were evaluated
using statistical analysis. The results showed that
athletes following the innovative program
significantly improved their starting speed,
maximum strength, and reactive jump distance
compared to the control group. This technology
plays an important role in enhancing the
effectiveness of training for track and field
athletes.
INTRODUCTION
Athletics is one of the most important sports that serves to perfect the qualities of speed and strength
of a person. In order to achieve high results in competitions, the need to improve physical qualities of
speed and strength is an urgent issue. It is especially important to introduce modern sports technologies
and organize training processes based on an individual approach. In this regard, President Shavkat
Mirziyoyev's decision No. PQ-6099 of October 30, 2020 "On measures to further develop physical
education and mass sports" created an important basis for the development of sports such as athletics.
In this decision, specific tasks for improving the training of athletes, implementing new technologies
and widely introducing modern methods into practice are defined [1]. In the process of preparing
athletes for competitions, it is important to introduce innovative technologies aimed at developing
quick-strength physical qualities. The purpose of this research is to develop and practice an effective
training technology for skilled track and field athletes. In the research process, advanced technical tools
are used to measure and analyze the physical qualities of athletes. The relevance of this research is that
the improvement of speed and strength qualities in the training of competitive athletes in athletics is
VOLUME04 ISSUE12
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.55640/eijp-04-12-45
Pages:211-214
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ISSN: 2751-000X
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212
the main criterion for achieving high results. At the same time, the content of the research is in harmony
with the national sports development strategy and is aimed at successfully fulfilling the tasks set before
it [2,5].
METHODOLOGY
In this study, a technology aimed at improving the speed-strength physical qualities of qualified track
and field athletes was developed and tested. 30 qualified track and field athletes aged 18-25
participated in the study. Participants were randomly selected into experimental and control groups.
The experimental group trained according to the training program based on the new technology, and
the control group trained according to the usual program. Several scientific and empirical methods
were used in the research process. Initially, the initial physical fitness of the participants was
determined using a dynamometer, a reactive force platform and other modern measurement tools.
Plyometric exercises designed to develop maximum strength and speed, short-distance sprints and
exercises aimed at working with weight occupied the main place in the training program. During the
training, the progress of each participant was assessed using weekly tests. Statistical methods were
used in data analysis. The differences between the initial and final results of the experimental and
control groups were analyzed using the Student's t-test method. Based on the results, the effectiveness
of the training program was evaluated. This methodology provides an opportunity to accurately and
qualitatively assess the physical fitness of athletics. The training program developed through these
methods is of great importance in improving quick-strength qualities.
RESULTS
According to the results of the research, qualified track and field athletes in the experimental group
made significant progress in improving their quick-strength physical qualities. The results of the initial
measurements did not show a significant difference between the two groups, but in the final
measurements, the results of the experimental group were significantly higher than the control group.
In the experimental group, the training program was developed based on elements of plyometric
exercises, short-distance sprints and weight training. The starting speed of the athletes who practiced
on the basis of this program increased by 12.5% on average, and the maximum strength index increased
by 15.3%. Measured jump distance improved by 10.8% using the Jet Force Platform. The reason for this
is to increase the working capacity of muscle fibers and develop explosive power through plyometric
exercises. Although the athletes in the control group practiced according to the usual training program,
their results were lower than in the experimental group. The results of the final test confirmed the
effectiveness of training based on the experimental program [3]. The obtained data were analyzed using
graphs and tables. For example, the experimental group's sprint performance showed significant
improvement across several measures. These changes were confirmed to be statistically significant
(p<0.05). The results show that the experimental training program is effective in improving speed-
strength qualities. The implementation of this technology allows to improve the results of the athletes
in the competition.
Table 1. Analysis of the results of skilled track and field athletes
Indicator
Measures
Eksperimental
group (n=15)
Control
Group(n=15)
Difference of
change(%)
speed of start(s)
Initial
0,95 ± 0,05
0,94 ± 0,06
-
Final
0,82 ± 0,03
0,89 ± 0,04
12,5
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Indicator
Measures
Eksperimental
group (n=15)
Control
Group(n=15)
Difference of
change(%)
Maximum power
(kg)
Initial
120 ± 5
119 ± 6
-
Final
138 ± 4
125 ± 5
15,3
jet jump
height(sm)
Initial
55 ± 3
56 ± 4
-
Final
61 ± 2
58 ± 3
10,8
Notes: 1. Start speed: Indicator measured in seconds. Significantly improved in the experimental group.
2. Maximum strength: Kilograms recorded during weight lifting. The increase in maximum strength in
the experimental group is significant compared to the control group. 3. Jet jump height: the indicator
measured in cm. Improvement was observed as a result of plyometric training. This table serves to
express the results of the research in a statistical form and to show the training efficiency of the two
groups.
DISCUSSION
The results of the research show that the innovative training program aimed at developing the quick-
power physical qualities of track and field athletes was significantly effective. These results are
consistent with previous research and reaffirm the importance of plyometrics, weight training, and
short sprints in developing speed and strength. The positive changes in the starting speed, maximum
strength and jumping distance of the experimental group are explained by the increase in the working
capacity of the muscle fibers and the improvement of the quick reaction of the central nervous system.
This approach is consistent with previous research, in particular, with the results of scientists who
studied the effect of using plyometric exercises on the development of agility [3,5,6]. Also, the fact that
the changes in the experimental group were higher than in the control group indicated the limitations
of conventional training programs. This confirms the importance of individual approach and innovative
technologies in the training of athletes. At the same time, there were some limitations in the research
process. The limited number of participants and the relatively short duration of the training did not
allow a full assessment of the long-term effectiveness of the technology. In the future, it is desirable to
expand the scope of research and work on adapting the technology for other age groups. The technology
developed on the basis of this research makes it possible to introduce innovative approaches in the
process of training athletes. It serves to significantly increase the success of athletes in the competition
[6,7,8].
CONCLUSION
This study was devoted to the evaluation of the effectiveness of the technology aimed at improving the
speed-strength physical qualities of skilled athletics. The results of the study showed that by combining
plyometric exercises, short-distance sprints and weight training programs, the main parameters of the
athletes such as starting speed, maximal strength and jet jump were significantly improved. The
performance of the participants of the experimental group is higher than that of the control group,
which confirms the effectiveness of the training program developed on the basis of the new technology.
This technology allows not only to increase the individual physical performance of athletes, but also to
ensure competitiveness in competitions. During the research, measurements were made with the help
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of advanced scientific and technical tools, and the data were statistically analyzed. The results made it
possible to develop the explosive power of the muscle fibers of athletes and improve their quick
reactions. This approach is an important component of the modern athletics training system. In the
future, it is planned to expand the scale of the study, evaluate long-term results and adapt this
technology for other age groups and sports. The practical significance of this research is that it serves
to achieve high results by introducing innovative approaches to the process of training athletes.
Recommendations for the implementation of the technology have been developed.
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