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TOURISM POTENTIAL OF THE REPUBLIC OF KARAKALPAKSTAN
Murodova Lobar Talatovna
Scientific Research Institute of Tourism Development
ORCID: 0009-0007-7170-5234
Abstract.
According to statistical data, as well as the results of a sociological study (in the period
December - March 2024), to determine the positive and negative reasons influencing the development
of domestic tourism, it was revealed that the Republic of Karakalpakstan is the least popular among
tourists (excursionists). This article provides detailed analysis of current issues of tourism development
in Karakalpakstan, current circumstances and future plans. Also, the article highlights the state of
tourism infrastructure in the districts of the Republic of Karakalpakstan by grouping and comparing
statistical data.
Keywords:
Republic of Karakalpakstan, main attractions, infrastructure, tourism, flow of
tourists.
QORAQALPOG‘ISTON RESPUBLIKASINING TURIZM SALOHIYATI
Murodova Lobar Talatovna
Turizmni rivojlantirish ilmiy tadqiqot instituti
Annotatsiya.
Statistik ma’lumotlarga ko‘ra, shuningdek, ichki turizm rivojlanishiga ta’sir
etuvchi ijobiy va salbiy sabablarni aniqlash maqsadida (2024 yil dekabr-mart oylarida) sotsiologik
tadqiqot natijalariga ko‘ra, Qoraqalpog‘iston Respublikasi sayyohlar (ekskursionistlar) o‘rtasida eng
kam ommalashgani aniqlandi. Ushbu
maqolada Qoraqalpog‘istonda turizmni rivojlantirishning
dolzarb masalalari, mavjud sharoit va istiqboldagi rejalar batafsil tahlil qilingan. Shuningdek,
maqolada statistik ma’lumotlarni guruhlash va taqqoslash yo‘li bilan Qoraqalpog‘iston Respublikasi
tumanlaridagi turizm infratuzilmasi holati yoritilgan.
Kalit so‘zlar:
Qoraqalpog'iston Respublikasi, asosiy diqqatga sazovor joylar, infratuzilma,
turizm, turistlar oqimi.
ТУРИСТИЧЕСКИЙ ПОТЕНЦИАЛ РЕСПУБЛИКИ КАРАКАЛПАКСТАН
Муродова Лобар Талатовна
Научно
-
исследовательский институт развития туризма
Аннотация.
Согласно статистическим данным, а также результатам
социологического исследования (в период декабрь
-
март 2024 года) по определению
положительных и отрицательных причин, влияющих на развитие внутреннего туризма,
выявлено, что Республика Каракалпакстан является наименее популярной среди туристов
(экскурсантов). В данной статье дается подробный анализ актуальных вопросов развития
туризма в Каракалпакстане, текущих обстоятельств и планов на будущее. Также в статье
освещается состояние туристической инфраструктуры в районах Республики
Каракалпакстан путем группировки и сопоставления статистических данных.
Ключевые слова:
Республика Каракалпакстан, основные достопримечательности,
инфраструктура, туризм, поток туристов.
UO
‘
K: 338.482.22
XI SON - NOYABR, 2024
198-203
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Introduction.
The culture and history of the Karakalpak people is unusually rich, because people lived
in this territory back in the Neolithic era.
The center of the region is the city of Nukus, which has an international airport. From
there you can get to the major cities of Karakalpakstan - Muynak, Kungrad, Beruni, Turtkul and
other places.
The republic has a number of world-famous sites of great interest and admiration - the
famous Aral Sea, once the fourth largest lake in the world, the Museum of the History of the Aral
Sea, the ship cemetery in Muynak, as well as Jampik - the most beautiful fortress of ancient
Khorezm.By visiting Karakalpakstan, you will be able to see the legendary Savitsky Museum,
nicknamed abroad "the Louvre in the desert", where 50 thousand works of avant-garde fine art
are collected, get acquainted with ancient fortresses that were once part of powerful empires,
enjoy the unique nature and fauna of the Amu Darya delta and the Ustyurt plateau, live a real
life of nomads in Karakalpak yurts on the shore of the Aral Sea, be imbued with the rich culture
of the Karakalpak people, having visited local celebrations in honor of a wedding or the birth of
a child, capture on camera a flock of pink flamingos that fly every spring to Lake Sudochie and
much more.
The transport system of the Republic of Karakalpakstan (RK) is represented by all types
of transport: automobile, railway, air, inland water, pipeline, network of automobile and
railway roads. In Nukus, there is an international airport that meets modern requirements. The
length of automobile roads and highways in the RK is 11,061 thousand km, including highways
of international, republican, regional significance. A national highway built according to
international standards passes through the territory of the republic, with access to neighboring
countries (Russia and Kazakhstan). It should be noted that the level of development of
automobile roads in the RK is more than 4 times lower than the national average. In some areas
(with the exception of Shumanay, Chimbay, Nukus), automobile roads are underdeveloped due
to the remoteness and inaccessibility of rural areas. The role of automobile transportation will
increase over time, since they are faster and more reliable, and are also associated with a lower
level of risk of loss or damage to certain types of cargo. Thus, for a number of perishable
products and urgent goods, road transport is the only real method of transportation. Due to
this, road transport is the preferred means of transporting agricultural products, textiles and
other non-raw materials exported from the Republic of Karakalpakstan.
Satisfaction of the population with the transport infrastructure is an important indicator
showing the quality of life of the population and influencing the investment climate.
In large cities of the Republic of Uzbekistan, the transport infrastructure is being
improved, in particular, urban passenger transport is being launched, as well as freight
transportation. The goal of the development strategy for 2022-2026. "New Uzbekistan"
"Development of a unified transport system together with all types of transport, creation of
conditions for the possibility of daily trips along planned transport routes between large cities",
in particular: - improvement of the public transport system and development of its
infrastructure in the city of Tashkent and the regions - increase the attractiveness of intercity
and suburban railway routes - develop the market and infrastructure of transport and logistics
services, increase the level of electrification of the railway infrastructure to 60% and accelerate
it; development of the road network - expansion of "green corridors" and transit opportunities
in the transport system for foreign trade.
Over the past period, a lot of work has been done to form a modern road and transport
infrastructure, open new routes to world markets, create modern transport communications
linking our country with other regions of the world. Much attention was paid to the
construction of railways and the creation of a unified railway network of Uzbekistan. The first
step was the construction of the 700 km long Navoi-Uchkuduk-Sultonuvaistog-Nukus railway
line, as well as the only modern combined railway and road bridge in Central Asia, 681 m long,
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across the Amu Darya. Then the 223 km long Tashguzar-Baysun-Kumkurgan railway line was
built, which reduced the distance of freight and passenger transportation to 170 km and freed
us from the need to pay for transit, on the contrary, to earn money on it. An important resource
in the development of international communications is motorways. Last year alone, almost 256
kilometers of roads were reconstructed, 94.4 kilometers of international and national roads
were overhauled. Currently, the total length of the road network in the republic exceeds 183
thousand kilometers. Of these, more than 42.6 thousand kilometers are international, national
and local roads. This also includes the Uzbek National Highway, which is about three thousand
kilometers long.
The city of Nukus currently has almost all types of modern transport: air, rail, and
automobile. Water transport, due to the low water level of the Amu Darya River, is practically
non-existent. As a result, the traffic intensity, exceeding the overall capacity during busy times
of the day, leads to oversaturation within the next hour.
Literature review.
The tourism potential of Karakalpakstan serves not only to improve the local economy,
but also develop intercultural relations .In order to analyze the contribution of the tourism
sector to the economic and cultural development, the scientific research conducted in different
regions of Karakalpakstan and Uzbekistan is important .In this regard, several scientists have
conducted research on the issues of tourism development.
Matzhanov A. Zh (2021) conducted the scientific research on the influence of roads in the
development of tourism in Karakalpakstan.His research sheds light on the current issues
related to the roads and how to address these problems.
Author: Ibragimova N.B., Khojanazarov N.R. (2022) studied cultural and social aspects of
tourism and analyzed the problems and opportunities in this field .In their works , issues such
as connection between tourism and culture , the impact of tourism on society are widely
covered.
In addition , Adilova Z. (2021) conducted scientific research on the development of
tourism in the country, studying the economic , cultural and social aspects of tourism .
Research methodology.
This article analyzed the available scientific literature and statistical data on the
development of tourism in Karakalpakstan. Through this method, specific information on the
tourism potential,opportunities and current issues of the region was collected.Statistical data
were analyzed and used to develop tourism development strategies in Karakalpakstan.The
official website of the Statistical Agency under the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan was
used to collect statistical data.
Analysis and discussion of results.
The tourism market of the Republic of Karakalpakstan is promising , because the region
embodies its rich historical heritage , natural beauty , ethnography, unique ecological
landscapes .Karakalpakstan should attract tourists and contribute to the socio-economic
development of the region by attracting active investments in the development of existing
tourist resources and ensuring sustainable development.
The number of hotels in Karakalpakstan decreased and foreign tourists visiting the
Republic of Karakalpakstan are brought by tourist companies and organization located in other
regions of our country. In addressing such issues it is important to master marketing research
and new types of services in the regional tourism market.
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Table 1
Statistics of hotels in Uzbekistan
Region
Number of hotels
2021
Number of hotels
2022
Change from 2021
Tashkent city
273
307
12%
Khorezm
79
75
-5%
Fergana
49
49
0%
Tashkent region
76
97
28
Syrdarya
20
14
-30%
Surkhandarya
64
50
-22%
Samarkand
186
116
-38%
Namangan
26
29
12%
Navoi
44
37
-16%
Kashkadarya
43
46
7%
Jizzakh
33
33
0%
Bukhara
204
180
-12%
Andijan
26
22
-15%
Republic of
Karakalpakstan
44
30
-32%
Source:
the Statistical Agency
21
According to official data, the total number of hotels in Uzbekistan decreased by 7% from
2021 to 2022, from 1,167 to 1,085. The only cities where growth in the hotel sector was
observed were Tashkent city, Tashkent region, Namangan and Kashkadarya region. Popular
tourist destinations Bukhara, Samarkand and the Republic of Karakalpakstan saw significant
declines.
Table 2
Number of visitors served by districts of the Republic of Karakalpakstan
Districts
Number of
companies and
organizations
engaged in
tourism
activities, units.
Visitors
Served,
Person
Among them
Person
-
day
(for
overnight
visitors
Day visitors
(excursionists
overnight
visitors
(пляжники
Republic of
Karakalpakstan
13
9704
5247
4457
10616
Nukus city
3
3094
1324
1752
4068
Amu Darya
-
-
-
-
-
Beruni
2
720
700
20
48
Bozatov
-
-
-
-
-
Karauzak
-
-
-
-
-
Kegeyli
-
-
-
-
-
Kungirat
1
900
510
390
1170
Konlikol
-
-
-
-
-
Moynak
3
2580
940
1640
3270
Nukus
-
-
-
-
-
Takhiatash
-
-
-
-
-
Takhtakpir
-
-
-
-
-
Tortkol
2
12335
1060
175
620
Khujayli
1
250
200
50
150
Chimboy
-
-
-
-
-
Shumanay
-
-
-
-
-
Ellikkala
1
925
495
430
1290
Source:
an article on the Prospects of tourism development in the republic of Karakalpakstan
(Adilova, 2021)
21
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Only citizens who were provided with visas, passports, hotel reservations and similar
services were taken into account in the calculation.
According to the analysis of data on visitors served by districts of the Republic of
Karakalpakstan (Table 2), the main flow of tourists to Nukus is 3,094 people, which is 31.8% of
the total number of visitors served. The districts of Moinak, Beruniy, Kungirot, Tortkol,
Khodjailiysky, Ellikkalinsky, which have a relatively developed infrastructure for providing
services to visitors of the republic, improve their indicators from year to year. The remaining
districts did not provide any services to visitors. One of the main reasons for this is the fact that
not a single travel company or organization is registered in these districts.
Conclusions and suggestions.
In conclusion, we note that this trend should be considered as one of the most important
aspects of tourism products and services not only for the regional tourism market, but also
because it has a global trend. The reason is that underestimation of such factors can have
negative consequences in the tourism market of the region. In order to reduce inter-seasonal
imbalances in the regional tourism market and attract tourists to the region, it is necessary to
implement: - introduction of preferential prices for hotel and transport services; -
implementation of excursions, visits to museums free of charge for tourists visiting historical
and cultural sites (in the off-season, methods of covering these costs at the expense of hotel and
transport services are introduced); - transfer of services provided to tourists to a new form,
introduction of innovations depending on the form of service. It is also necessary to allocate
land to entrepreneurs for the construction of hotels and an increase in the number of hotels.
Because since the beginning of the year, 1.3 million tourists have come to Karakalpakstan, but
there are few hotel rooms. For the accelerated development of the economy and tourism of
Karakalpakstan, the issues of creating a road infrastructure and opportunities for stable use of
the Internet are also of great importance. Therefore, the priority is the construction and
reconstruction of 444.7 km of international and republican highways, as well as 408.1 km of
local and domestic highways.
Studying the world experience in solving the above problems, familiarization with
comprehensive measures aimed at solving the problems of the transport infrastructure of
various megacities of the world are of great importance for the development of the industry;
Republican roads passing through the territory of the city of Nukus should be transformed into
main streets and in the future, according to the norms and recommendations of building codes
and regulations, use roads of this level in cities, provided that residential buildings should not
be located closer than 50 m to them; Further development of the network of suburban highways
with the reconstruction of their dimensions and roadway in accordance with the prospective
traffic intensity and the required technical indicators; Further increase in the transport
mobility of the rural and urban population in external directions; The number of passengers
transported in suburban and local traffic for the billing period, as well as technical and
operational indicators of the suburban area of the city of Nukus with the adjustment of the
population of the city and district in accordance with the planning project; Development of
scientifically based schemes for the long-term planning of the street and road network of the
city of Nukus, in accordance with which the optimal planning of urban passenger transportation
will be carried out, the organization of transport hubs taking into account the best practices in
improving the city's connections with external transit roads, etc.
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References:
Adilova Z., Kusekeev B. (2021) Prospects of tourism development in the republic of
Karakalpakstan ISSN: 2582-4686 SJIF -3.261, SJIF 2022-2.889.
Ibragimova N.B., Khojanazarov N.R. (2022) Journal: Theory and Practice of Modern Science
@modern-jSection: Main Section Article in issue: 10 (88).
Matzhanov A. Zh. (2021) Transport problems of Karakalpakstan in the 1920-1930s //
Bulletin of Science and Practice. Vol. 7. No. 6. Pp. 509-517. https://doi.org/10.33619/2414-
2948/67/67.
Resolution (2020) Resolution of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan dated November
1, No. 1 PP-4889 "On measures for the comprehensive socio-economic development of the Republic
of Karakalpakstan in 2020 - 2023".
