ОБРАЗОВАНИЕ НАУКА И ИННОВАЦИОННЫЕ ИДЕИ В МИРЕ
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ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AND ECOLOGICAL LEGISLATION IN
RESORT NATURAL AREAS: A LEGAL ANALYSIS WITHIN THE
FRAMEWORK OF UZBEKISTAN'S LEGAL SYSTEM
lloberdiyeva Durdona Oktamjon qizi,
Lecturer of the Department of
Fundamental Economic Sciences of the institute of
International School of Finance Technology and Science:
Annotation.
This article analyzes the legislation of the Republic of Uzbekistan
regarding environmental protection and the ecological safeguarding of resort and
natural areas. Resort and natural areas are environmentally protected zones intended
for public health recovery, recreation, and wellness, and therefore require a specialized
approach to their preservation. The article examines the Law "On Environmental
Protection," the Law "On Resorts," and other regulatory legal acts, highlighting
ecological requirements, restrictions on activities, state supervision, and the system of
environmental expertise applicable to these territories. Additionally, the principles of
rational use of land, water, air, and biological resources within such areas are discussed.
Keywords.
Ecology, sanitation, environment, restrictions, state control,
ecological expertise
Resort natural areas are protected territories with unique climatic and natural
conditions, used for the purpose of restoring and strengthening human health. In such
areas, preserving the natural state of the environment is not only an ecological
obligation, but also a significant socio-economic and public health responsibility.
Therefore, legal mechanisms aimed at ensuring ecological safety, preventing pollution,
and rational use of natural resources in resort zones play a vital role.
When discussing the concept and ecological significance of resort natural areas,
it is important to note that these territories are designated by the state as ecologically
ОБРАЗОВАНИЕ НАУКА И ИННОВАЦИОННЫЕ ИДЕИ В МИРЕ
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protected areas for health improvement, treatment, and recreation purposes. These
areas include:
Sources of thermal and mineral waters;
Climatic resort zones;
Mountain, desert, and forest regions;
Locations where climate and natural resources possess combined therapeutic
properties.
In Uzbekistan, the primary normative legal documents concerning
environmental protection include, first and foremost, the Constitution of the Republic
of Uzbekistan. According to Article 50 of the Constitution, every citizen has the right
to live in a healthy environment.
In addition to the Constitution, key legal acts such as the Law “On
Environmental Protection” (1992), the Law “On Nature Protection” (1992), the Law
“On Water and Water Use”, the Land Code, the Water Code, and the Forest Code
provide the legal basis for the regulation of resort areas, including the following:
Limiting atmospheric air pollution;
Rational use of water resources;
Waste management;
Protection of flora and fauna listed in the Red Book;
Obligations to conduct ecological assessments and monitoring.
Regarding environmental law violations and liability in resort areas, the
following are considered offenses:
Illegal placement of polluting industrial facilities;
Excessive exploitation of mineral water resources;
Unauthorized construction activities;
Damage to plant and animal life.
Relevant articles of the Administrative Liability Code and the Criminal Code
provide for penalties in such cases (e.g., Article 198 – Pollution of the Environment).
Ecological Expertise and Assessment: Application in Resort Areas
ОБРАЗОВАНИЕ НАУКА И ИННОВАЦИОННЫЕ ИДЕИ В МИРЕ
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State ecological expertise is a system of evaluating the ecological safety of new
projects, constructions, or resource utilization before implementation. In resort zones:
Any infrastructure object must undergo ecological review;
The process is supervised by the Ministry of Ecology, Environmental Protection,
and Climate Change of the Republic of Uzbekistan.
International Experience and Reforms in Uzbekistan
Many countries (Germany, Czech Republic, Russia) have introduced strict
ecological standards for the protection of resort areas. In Uzbekistan, several initiatives
are underway in this direction:
The "Green Space" project;
Designation of ecotourism zones;
Implementation of digitalization and monitoring systems for resort resources.
Conclusion
The ecological protection of resort natural areas is crucial not only for the
residents of those regions but also for the health and well-being of society as a whole.
Therefore, it is essential to: Strengthen environmental control in resort areas; Increase
liability for ecological offenses; Raise environmental awareness among the public and
entrepreneurs; Expand ecotourism and ecological investment initiatives.
List of References:
1. United Nations General Assembly. Our Common Future. Report of the World
Commission on Environment and Development [Internet]. Nairobi; 1987 June 16
[cited
2021
July
23].
Available
from:
https://sustainabledevelopment.un.org/content/documents/5987our-common-
future.pdf
2. World Health Organization. Johannesburg Declaration on Health and Sustainable
Development. Meeting of Senior Officials and Ministers of Health [Internet].
Johannesburg, South Africa; 2002 Jan. 19–22 [cited 2021 July 23]. Available from:
https://www.who.int/mediacentre/events/HSD_Plaq_02.8_def1.pdf
ОБРАЗОВАНИЕ НАУКА И ИННОВАЦИОННЫЕ ИДЕИ В МИРЕ
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Выпуск журнала №-71
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3. United Nations General Assembly. Transforming our world: the 2030 Agenda for
Sustainable Development [Internet], Resolution 70/1 (Sept. 25, 2015) [cited 2021 July
23].
Available
from:
https://www.un.org/en/development/desa/population/migration/generalassembly/docs
/globalcompact/A_RES_70_1_E.pdf
4. O‘zbekiston Respublikasining Konstitutsiyasi // Qonunchilik ma’lumotlari milliy
bazasi, 01.05.2023 y., 03/23/837/0241-son.
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