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THE ROLE OF IBN SINA'S SCIENTIFIC HERITAGE IN EDUCATING
YOUNG PEOPLE TO BE PERFECT HUMAN BEINGS.
Nurova Shoxida Naimovna
Bukhara ZARMED unuversity
doctor of philosophy in philosophy
nurovashoxida71@gmail.com
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15581148
Annotation:
In this article, Abu Ali ibn Sina's advice to young people is to
be careful in choosing friends and confidants: "Be careful not to tell everyone
your secret.
Because the word "considerate" is nothing more than being careful. If you
keep a secret, it is your prisoner, if it is public, you will remain a prisoner of your
secret." In another place, Ibn Sina warns people not to share his thoughts with
those who are ignorant and surrounded by religious beliefs:
Key words:
Youth, mature generation, morality, value, moral education,
spirituality, education, training, science.
–
Аннотация:
В этой статье Абу Али ибн Сина советует молодым людям
быть осторожными в выборе друзей и доверенных лиц: «Будьте
осторожны, не рассказывайте всем свою тайну. Потому что слово
«внимательный» означает не что иное, как осторожность. Если ты
хранишь тайну, она твоя узница, если она общедоступна, ты останешься
узником своей тайны». В другом месте Ибн Сина предостерегает людей не
делиться своими мыслями с невежественными и окруженными
религиозными убеждениями:
Ключевые
слова:
Молодежь,
зрелое
поколение,
нравственность,ценности,нравственное
воспитание,
духовность,
воспитание, воспитание, наука
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Annotatsiya:
Ushbu maqolada Abu Ali ibn Sinoning yoshlarga nasixati,
har bir ishda muloxaza bilan ish yuritishni, o‘ziga do‘st, sirdosh tanlashda extiyot
bo‘lishni uqtiradi: “Siringni barcha aytishdan extiyot bo‘l. Chunki muloxazakor
degan so‘zextiyotkor bo‘lish degandan boshqa narsa emas. Agar siringni
saqlasang, u seni asiringdir, agar oshkora bo‘lsa sen siringning asiri bo‘lib
qolasan”. Boshqa bir erda Ibn Sino kishilirni ogoxlantirib ilmsiz, diniy aqida
bilan o‘ralib qolgan kishilarga uning fikrlarini aytavermaslikka uqtiradi:
Kalit so‘zlar
: Yoshlar, barkamol avlod, axloq, qadriyat, axloqiy tarbiyalash,
ma’naviyat, ta’lim, tarbiya, ilm-fan.
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Eastern scholars, contemporaries of Abu Ali ibn Sina, called him "Shaykh-ur
Rais" (that is, the head of scholars). Abu Ali ibn Sina was a great scholar in
various
fields of science, in their eyes and indeed. Abu Ali ibn Sina was born in the
end of August 980 in the village of Afshana near Bukhara in the family of an
official. Ibn
Sina's real name is Husain. His full name is Abu Ali al-Khusai ibn Abdullah
al-Hasan ibn Ali ibn Sina (Avicenna in Europe). His family moved to Bukhara in
985. His father Abdullah was a literate person of his time and tried to give his
children a good education. Ibn Sina's father belonged to the Ismaili sect. This
situation created an opportunity for Ibn Sina to study worldly knowledge on a
large scale, because the teachings of the Ismailis at that time looked favorably on
the study of worldly sciences and natural sciences to a certain extent. In Ibn
Sina's family, there were various conversations about the teachings of the
Ismailis, which had a positive effect on the formation of his scientific interest
and imagination.
Since Ibn Sina was extremely talented, had a sharp memory, and was
intelligent, he quickly and thoroughly mastered all the sciences known in his
time from his youth. According to historical sources, he studied logic,
jurisprudence, philosophy,
mathematics, and medicine at the age of 10-13. One of the scholars who
lived in
Bukhara, Abu Abdullah Natili Ibn Sina, who taught him the history of the
ancient world, especially the history of Greek philosophy and the history of the
exact sciences, at the invitation of his father, but Ibn Sina, who soon mastered
the basics of the sciences, became redundant and began to study
independently. . Ibn Sina wrote in his biography that in a short time he mastered
the science of medicine, diligently read the works of the famous natural
scientists of ancient Greece, Hippocrates and Galeleus, and practiced medicine in
order to apply the acquired knowledge in practice. At the age of 16-17, he
became famous as a famous doctor in Bukhara, at the age of 17 he cured the
head of the Samonite state from a serious illness, and with his permission, he got
the right to use the emir's library in Bukhara. According to Ibn Sina, this library
was one of the most famous libraries of that time, and it contained valuable
books on all fields of knowledge. Abu Ali ibn Sina writes in his biography, which
has been preserved to us, including: "Then I became interested in the science of
medicine and started reading books about it. Since the science of medicine is not
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very complicated, I took it for a short time, and even the most famous doctors
began to learn medicine from me. I used to visit diseases, and by my medical
experience I obtained such a result of treatment that it is difficult to describe. At
that time I was 16 years old. After that, I studied sciences for another 1.5 years, I
studied all parts of logic and philosophy. During that period, I didn't get a full
night's sleep, and during the day I didn't do anything other than studying
science. In the short moments of my sleep, when I was awake with my eyes
closed, I dreamed about the matter that wore me, and I actually saw it. "The
problems of a difficult science would become clear to me." Ibn Sina, in each verse
of his poem, really wants to ignite the knowledge and enlightenment of people,
to have a scientific and intellectual approach to every issue, to be honest and
conscientious, to acquire science and culture, in short, to be human calls to
reflect and emdiv the best qualities and raise the great name of man even
higher.
Following the path of the scientist, he mastered all the available scientific
developments of his time. This is what it says about it:
From the depths of the black earth to the akvji Zuhal,
I solved one of the problems of the universe.
He understood many difficult knots, I solved them,
The only thing left unsolved is death.
Before Ibn Sina remained faithful to his opinion, he mastered various fields
of science. He had taken the reins of most of his branches. But even if a scientist
is knowledgeable and has achieved great success in this field, he considers what
he knows to be little compared to the knowledge he needs to know, and even
considers his knowledge to be nothing compared to the knowledge he does not
know. He encourages people not to be afraid of difficulties in the path of
knowledge, to take a bold and steady step. A hero of people, says Ibn Sina, is not
afraid of future work and difficulties. He who refuses to mature is the most
cowardly of men. Ibn Sina, in his work, is not shy about the religious fanatics, the
ignorant, and he is a scholar who does not go beyond prayer, who condemns him
when he engages in knowledge and art, science and enlightenment, he is godless
- in dhakrit. fights his accusers relentlessly, mockingly laughs at them and writes
lines:
These three or four fools who consider themselves wise,
The door is a manifestation of nature.
Be a donkey in these conversations,
If not, they will be called infidels.
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Elsewhere he equates the ignorant with the blind who cannot see anything
in the world. "Just as the sun shines invisible to the blind, the world's signs of the
right path are invisible to these ignorant people."
Ibn Sina wants to say that it is better to hide your knowledge without
speaking in front of such people. He laughs at the rise of some incompetent
people to high positions, their unsanctioned and insensitive work. In his poems,
Ibn Sina advises young people like a father, to be careful in choosing friends and
confidants: "Be careful not to tell everyone your secret. Because the word
"considerate" is nothing more than being careful. If you keep a secret, it is your
prisoner, if it is public, you will remain a prisoner of your secret". In another
place, Ibn Sina warns people not to share his thoughts with those who are
ignorant and surrounded by religious beliefs: "My brother, you know this! I gave
you the cream of truth in these "hints": I poured and added morsels of wisdom
to Latif's words. You know them and don't appreciate him, he is ignorant,
without knowledge and education in science, he is not used to learning, he
becomes close to you like a friend from the first meeting, but he himself is
deprived of enlightenment. "Beware of those who include those who say they
are philosophers among the misguided".
In the Middle Ages, not everyone could carry out intellectual-scientific
considerations that were outside the framework of religion, and even those who
did, were extremely careful not to contradict religion and sharia, and only in the
case of a hurricane, they could spread to the religious shells. Since Ibn Sina was a
great thinker, his worldview and advanced ideals were not only expressed in his
medical works, but also in his literary works. His literary works cover a number
of issues such as humanitarianism, honesty, love, mutual respect, and
friendship. In addition, it is not difficult to notice that the scientist worked
with mastery in Ibn Sina's work on this subject. Even his works "Lisson ut-Tair"
and "Khai bin-Yakzon" are written with fixed symbols and signs, so there are
different opinions about these works, sometimes they relate them to mysticism,
sometimes to Sufism, and sometimes to other types of idealism. It was not an
easy task to master the essence and the pinnacle of science. Ibn Sina admits this.
Ibn Sina read Aristotle's book "Metaphysics" forty times and memorized it, but
did not understand its essence. It was only after reading Abu Nasr Farabi's
commentary on Aristotle's Metaphysics that he understood. As a real
encyclopedist scientist, Ibn Sina successfully dealt with almost all the
sciences of his time and created scientific works related to them. Many of
his works on philosophy, logic, psychology, medicine, mathematics, astronomy,
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physics, chemistry, botany, zoology, geology, mineralogy, music, artistic
literature and other sciences have reached us. His major work on medicine, The
Laws of Medicine, has served as the main guide and textbook for Eastern and
Western physicians for more than 500 years. Ibn Sina believes that there is an
ordinary Muslim. However, his thesis is entirely focused on the roof of
enlightenment. He does not look narrowly at the issue, he approaches each area
deeply and comprehensively. He does not know that the work of people in the
world consists of obedience - praying, fasting and reading the Qur'an. A scientist,
he was a leading thinker who raised the flag of science and enlightenment. He
understands that he can become a true Muslim if he acquires Muslim knowledge
by encouraging people to spread knowledge and enlightenment. With this,
he opposes the narrow idea of religious scholars, who say that only obedience
and worship should be practiced in the world, that this world is a temporary
world. For this reason, the followers of Aqayid call Ibn Sina a disbeliever, and
even accuse him of writing verses to the Qur'an, but Ibn Sina angrily writes fiery
lines against them. It is not easy to disbelieve me, My faith is the strongest of all.
Once in a hundred years comes a person like me, So this is a Muslim who does
not exist in this world. By this, Ibn Sina also points to the fact that his religious
faith is the mind. Ibn Sina considers educated and knowledgeable people to be
the bravest people. He considers it heroic to fight against ignorance and
darkness and increase his knowledge. A great thinker who believed that "just as
the blind cannot see the sun, the ignorant cannot see the flag of the right path
(science)": "I have reached the highest heights in science. I want to do "I will
either reach those heights, or death will calm me down," he wrote
List of references:
1.Ибн Сино. Канон врачебной науки: В 10 т.- 3-е изд. Ташкент: Изд-во мед.
лит. 1996.
2.Ибн Сина. Трактат о птицах // Ибн Сина. Избранное.- М.: Книга, 1980.138
с.
3.Ибн-Сина. Канон врачебной науки, т. 1 — 5. Пер. М. А. Салье и др.
Ташкент, 1954- 1961.
4.Zunnunov A.va boshqalar. Pedagogika tarixi / –T.: Sharq, 2000.
5.Мурадов, С. А. Современные методы философии и их значение в
развитии мышления человека. Актуальные исследования, 51.
