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DEPENDENCE OF SIZE AND WEIGHT OF BLACK KARAKUL PELTS
ON CONSTITUTIONAL TYPES IN THE CONDITIONS OF THE
USTYURT PLATEAU
Berdisheva Gulayim Abishovna
Doctoral Student, Karakalpakstan Institute of
Agriculture and Agrotechnologies
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15747231
Abstract.
This article explores the dependence of the size and weight of black karakul
pelts on constitutional types in the conditions of the Ustyurt Plateau. The study
presents the transformation ratio of area and weight of freshly slaughtered pelts
to those that have undergone primary processing, along with conclusions based
on the findings.
Keywords:
Ustyurt Plateau, black karakul, pelt size, weight, constitutional
types, transformation
Introduction
In the harsh climatic conditions of the Ustyurt Plateau, it is relevant to study
black karakul sheep by determining the productivity boundaries according to
their constitutional types, based on their biological potential. Research aimed at
increasing the pelt, wool, and meat productivity by applying selective breeding
practices is of great importance [1. pp. 34–36].
The size and weight of the pelt significantly influence its grade. These
indicators depend on several factors. During years with poor pasture and feed
conditions, lambs tend to be born with lower div weight, resulting in smaller
pelt areas. Conversely, with good nutrition, larger lambs are born, yielding
larger pelts [2. pp. 35–36].
It has been proven that the size of a lamb’s pelt is associated with the wool-
constitutional type of the ewe. Ewes with a fine constitution give birth to lambs
with relatively small pelts, while coarse-constitution ewes produce lambs with
significantly larger pelts.
Several factors—such as the age of the ewe, her wool-constitutional type,
the feeding conditions of karakul sheep, especially during the last stage of
pregnancy, the fatness during lambing, and the selective breeding type of the
animals—directly and significantly affect the development of the fetus’s live
weight and the formation of the pelt and wool cover [3. pp. 48–49].
Objective of the Study
is to determine the size and weight boundaries of
black karakul pelts based on the constitutional types of sheep in the Ustyurt
Plateau conditions.
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Object of Study:
Samples of black karakul pelts.
Subject of Study:
Size and weight indicators of black karakul pelts obtained
from lambs of different constitutional types.
Research Methods
: Generally accepted zootechnical, biological,
technological, and statistical analysis methods were applied in the study. N.A.
Plokhinsky’s methods were used for determining “arithmetic mean (X), its error
(Sx), and the coefficient of variation (Sv).”
Results
Our experiments aimed to determine the size and weight of black karakul
pelts under Ustyurt Plateau pasture conditions. The obtained data are shown in
Table 1.
Table 1 shows that the average area of freshly slaughtered pelts from
coarse-type lambs was 1689.3 cm², from strong-type lambs it was 1613.8 cm²,
and from fine-type lambs it was 1487.6 cm² (p˂0.001). Among the constitutional
types, pelts from coarse-type lambs were 4.5% heavier than those from strong
types, and 7.9% heavier than those from fine types (p˂0.001). Thus, pelts from
coarse-type lambs were the largest, while pelts from fine-type lambs were the
smallest. The strong type occupied an intermediate position.
Regarding the ratio of salted pelt area to the area of freshly slaughtered
pelts, coarse-type pelts lost 91.6% in area, strong types 90.2%, and fine types
88.7%, with fine types experiencing the least area loss—1.5% less than the
strong type and 2.9% less than the coarse type (p˂0.001).
Table 1 – Pelt Size and Weight Indicators
Indicators
Coarse
Type
(n=15)
Strong
Type
(n=15)
Fine
Type
(n=15)
Fresh pelt area, cm²
1689.3 ± 94.5*
1613.8 ± 89.8
1487.6 ± 75.6*
Fresh pelt weight, g
872.5 ± 67.8
749.7 ± 67.4*
689.4 ± 55.7
Salted pelt area, cm²
1547.4 ± 59.8*
1455.6 ± 74.7
1319.5 ± 69.3
Salted pelt weight, g
448.5 ± 37.2*
390.6 ± 26.2
363.3 ± 29.4*
Area retention ratio, % 91.6
90.2
88.7
Weight retention ratio,
%
51.4
52.1
52.7
Weight per cm², g
0.29
0.27
0.27
*p˂0.001
During the salting process, coarse-type pelts lost 48.6% of their original
weight, while strong types lost 47.9% and fine types 47.3%.
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Conclusion
Pelts obtained from coarse-constitution lambs were somewhat heavier, with a
weight of 0.29 g per cm², while pelts from strong and fine types were both at
0.27 g/cm². Differences in thickness, density, and weight of the pelts are due to a
variety of biological and environmental factors, which affect how pelts respond
to processing.
These characteristics must be taken into account during the primary processing
of black karakul pelts.
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