МЕЖДУНАРОДНАЯ КОНФЕРЕНЦИЯ
АКАДЕМИЧЕСКИХ НАУК
67
SUBSTITUTION OF THE PARAMETERS OF A GEARED ROLLER FOR
MIXING BIOSOLVENT PREPARATION INTO THE SOIL DURING
PLOWING.
Shodiyev Shuxrat Baqoyevich
Independent researcher at Bukhara State Technical University, Director of the
Bukhara Regional Center of ISMITI.
Hamroyev G‘iyosjon Fayzullo o‘g‘li
Head of the "IT and STT" laboratory of the Bukhara regional center of ISMITI
.
Sharipov Armonbek Ergashovich
Head of the laboratory of the Bukhara regional center of ISMITI "YMHBSOTT".
Hamroyev Ilxomjon Fayzullo o‘g‘li
Master's degree from Bukhara State Technical University.
Djurayeva Zarnigor Hakimovna
Laboratory assistant at the Bukhara regional center of ISMITI.
Jo‘rayev Fazliddin O‘rinovich
Ilmiy rahbar:
Professor, Bukhara State Technical University, Ph.D.
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.16911449
Annotatsiya.
Meliorativ holati yomon, o‘rta va kuchsiz sho‘rlangan еrlarda
shudgorlash bilan bir vaqtda, shudgor yuzasi bo‘ylab biosolvent birikmasini 1 ga
еr maydoni uchun 200 liter suvga 5-10 liter biosolvent aralashtirib sepadigan va
orqa tomondan tuproqga aralashtirish vazifani bajaruvchi maxsus qurilmalar
bilan jihozlangan texnika va uning texnologik ish jarayoni ishlab chiqilgan.
Biosolvent tuproqni g‘ovakligini oshirib, suv o‘tkazuvchanligini yaxshilash
orqali, tuproq tarkibidagi suvda oson eruvchi zararli tuzlarni chiqarib yuborish
uchun sharoit yaratadi hamda sho’r yuvishdagi suv miqdori sarfini kamayishiga
erishiladi. Buning natijasida suv iqtisod qilinib, еrlarning hosildorligini 7-10
sentnerga oshishiga imkoniyat ayratiladi.
Kalit so‘zlar:
Biosolvent, g‘ovaklik, shudgor, suv o‘tkazuvchanlik, tuproq,
tuz miqdori, o‘rta sho’rlangan еr, kuchsiz sho‘rlangan еr, texnika, texnologiya.
Аннотация.
На землях с неудовлетворительным мелиоративным
состоянием, средне- и слабозасоленных почвах разработаны способ и
технологический процесс его обработки, оснащенные специальными
устройствами, которые одновременно распыляют по поверхности плуга
смесь биорастворителя из расчета 5-10 л биорастворителя с 200 л воды на
1 га площади и перемешивают ее с почвой с обратной стороны.
Увеличивая пористость почвы и улучшая ее водопроницаемость,
биорастворитель создает условия для выведения из почвы вредных солей,
легкорастворимых в воде, и достигается снижение расхода воды при
МЕЖДУНАРОДНАЯ КОНФЕРЕНЦИЯ
АКАДЕМИЧЕСКИХ НАУК
68
промывке солей. В результате экономится вода и повышается
продуктивность земель на 7-10 центнеров.
Ключевые
слова
:
Биорастворитель,
пористость,
плуг,
водопроницаемость, почва, содержание солей, среднезасоленная почва,
слабозасоленная почва, техника, технология.
Annotation.
In lands with poor melioration conditions, medium and weak
saline soils, a technique and its technological process have been developed,
equipped with special devices that simultaneously spray a biosolvent mixture of
5-10 liters of biosolvent mixed with 200 liters of water per 1 ha of land area
along the plow surface and mix it into the soil from the back. By increasing the
porosity of the soil and improving water permeability, the biosolvent creates
conditions for the removal of harmful salts that are easily soluble in water from
the soil, and a reduction in water consumption during salt leaching is achieved.
As a result, water is saved and land productivity is increased by 7-10 centners.
Keywords:
Biosolvent, porosity, plow, water permeability, soil, salt
content, moderately saline soil, weakly saline soil, technique, technology.
Introduction.
Energy and resource efficiency are the most important issues
in the world in the creation of new agricultural techniques and technologies and
the improvement of existing machines. Considering that “more than 1.8 billion
hectares of land are cultivated annually for the cultivation of various agricultural
crops worldwide” [1], the development of machines and devices that work with
high quality and productivity and are energy- and resource-efficient is
considered one of the important tasks. In this regard, great attention is paid to
the development of plows that simultaneously loosen the subsoil during
plowing. Certain achievements have been achieved in this direction in developed
foreign countries, including the USA, Germany, the Netherlands, England, Italy,
the Russian Federation, Belarus, Ukraine and other countries [2,3].
The irrigated area of our republic is 4.3 million hectares, the total water
resources are 52 billion m3, of which 41.0 billion m3 are formed in the
territories of the joint states, 11.0 billion m3 are formed in the territory of
Uzbekistan, of which an average of 90 percent is used in agriculture, 4.5 percent
in the municipal sector, 4.3 percent in industry and energy, and 1.2 percent in
fisheries. Surface water resources are 49.9 billion m3 (96%). Groundwater is 0.5
billion m3 (1%). Return water is 1.6 billion m
3
(3%).
МЕЖДУНАРОДНАЯ КОНФЕРЕНЦИЯ
АКАДЕМИЧЕСКИХ НАУК
69
1-frame suspension; 2 - hydraulic cylinder for turning the plow bodies; 3 -
frame; 4- lower softener; 5- front softeners; 6 - blades; 7 - roller.
Figure 1. Scheme of a combined plow equipped with a biosolvent
spraying device
During the work of the double-row plow, the biosolvent compound is
treated with a device (rotor) mounted on the back that spreads the biosolvent
compound onto the surface layer of the soil and mixes it with the soil to preserve
its chemical composition from sunlight, wind, and various natural influences.
During the salt leaching process, the biosolvent compound maintains its
chemical effect on the soil, increasing the porosity of the soil, dissolving harmful
salts, and improving the quality of salt leaching.
а b
1– teeth; 2 – Biosolvent softener gear roller cylinder
a – cross-section of the view in a plane perpendicular to the direction of
movement
b – view in a plane along the direction of movement
Figure 2. Parameters of the biosolvent grinding roller
Determination of the diameter of the biosolvent grinding roller.
It is known that the diameter of the biosolvent grinding roller should be
such that its blades, when meeting the workpiece, can easily roll over it without
pushing it forward. In this case, the pressure of the blade is concentrated on the
cuttings, which will break them up, otherwise the soil will accumulate in front of
the biosolvent grinder's toothed roller, which will disrupt its technological
process, increase its resistance to abrasion, and deteriorate the quality of work.
МЕЖДУНАРОДНАЯ КОНФЕРЕНЦИЯ
АКАДЕМИЧЕСКИХ НАУК
70
For reliable clamping of soil particles between the toothed roller cylinder of
the biosolvent aerator and the treated field, the following conditions must be
met:
χ
>(
φ
1
-
φ
2
)
(1)
this
χ
– angle of contraction of the slices, degrees;
φ
1
and
φ
2
– Friction angles of the Biosolvent grinder with a toothed roller
and the field surface (soil) in the appropriate direction, degrees.
The opposite is true, that is
θ
>(
φ
1
-
φ
2
) When the cuttings are pushed out
between the Biosolvent grinder gear roller and the field surface, they
accumulate in front of the Biosolvent grinder gear roller, disrupting the
technological process, increasing the wear resistance of the Biosolvent grinder
gear roller, and preventing the cuttings from being crushed to the required level.
During operation, the cuttings may interact with the cylinder of the
biosolvent grinder or the blades attached to it. Therefore, we determine the
conditional average radius of the Biosolvent Grinder.
Conditional average radius of the biosolvent emulsifying roller bearing
See Figure 2
,
2
t
i
s
h
R
R
(2)
where
R
i
– is the radius of the Biosolvent Grinder toothed roller cylinder,cm;
h
t
– is the height of the teeth, cm. When grinding the pieces with a conventional
hollow cylinder of the Biosolvent Grinder toothed roller, two normal forces
appear on the surface at the point of their mutual impact K: the normal force on
the Biosolvent Grinder toothed roller cutting surface
N
1
=
Ntg
ψ and the normal
force on the cutting surface
N
2
=
N/cоs
ψ. The equalizer of these forces
N
=
N
1
+
N
2
О
x
The biosolvent softener tries to remove the surface of the gear roller cylinder
and the treated field.
Conclusion.
Currently, the simultaneous implementation of the
technological process of spraying various biopreparations on the land along
with plowing during the main tillage of the soil allows reducing the number of
movements of the unit in the field and reducing the costs of the process,
especially fuel consumption. Our republic requires research to substantiate the
technological process of the device for simultaneous plowing and spraying
biosolvent preparations during plowing for soil and climatic conditions.
References:
1.
https://old.gov.uz/oz/news/view/23943
МЕЖДУНАРОДНАЯ КОНФЕРЕНЦИЯ
АКАДЕМИЧЕСКИХ НАУК
71
2.
Sh.B Shodiyev, G‘.F Hamroyev. Sug‘orishning zamonaviy usullari
agrotexnologiyasi // Мировая наука, 2022. 12 (69). c. 122-125.
3.
Sh.B Shodiyev, G‘.F Hamroyev. Suvni tejovchi intensiv sug‘orish
texnologiyalarining afzalliklari // Экономика и социум, 2022. 10-2 (101). c.
629-636.
4.
Jo‘rayev F.O‘., Shodiyev Sh.B., Hamroyev G‘.F., Jo‘rayev J.T., Hamroyev I.F.
Mathematical modeling formation of wole drainage under soil deformations //
E3S Web of Conferences 419 (xalqaro ilmiy-amaliy anjuman), 02005
https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202341902005 WFCES 2023.
