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DEEP IMPLEMENTATIONS OF METAPHORS
IN ECONOMIC CONTEXT
Khayrullayeva N.N.
(PhD) - Bukhara State University, English Linguistics Department
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13907331
Abstract:
This article is devoted to the various functions of metaphor in
the economic context. The nominative naming function, informativeness
function, mnemonic function and text generation functions are fully explained.
Key words
:
credit portfolio, military operations, visual representation,
economic world
Annotatsiya:
Mazkur maqola metaforaning iqtisodiy kontekstda tur xil
vazifalari masalalariga bag`ishlanadi. Bunda nominativ atash funksiyasi,
informativlik funksiyasi, mnemonic funksiyasi hamda matn hosil qilish
funksiyalari to`liq yoritib berilgan.
Kalit so`zlar:
kredit portfeli, harbiy harakatlar, vizual tasvirlash, iqtisodiy
olam
Аннотация:
Данная статья посвящена различным функциям
метафоры
в
экономическом
контексте.
Подробно
объяснены
номинативная функция наименования, функция информативности,
мнемоническая функция и функции формирования текста.
Ключевые слова:
кредитный портфель, военные операции, визуальное
представление, экономический мир.
When discussing globalization and economic problems, as well as solving
situations related to the world economy, metaphor occupies a special place
among language tools. In many literatures, it is noted that conceptual metaphor
is one of the productive ways of reflecting concepts, objects and events related
to the economy, games, sports competitions, and military operations allow
visual representation of economic concepts. Thus, the metaphor in the economic
text takes an active part in the complex processes of knowledge of reality and
plays a major role in gaining new knowledge about the events taking place in the
world.[2]
Metaphor, as a linguistic unit, carries a specific linguistic load in speech, and
in order to determine the role of metaphor in language, we consider it
appropriate to point out its main tasks. The following functions of metaphor are
distinguished in scientific literature.[5]
1.
Nominative function. One of the important functions of words used
in a figurative sense is the nominative function (lat. nominatio - "to name,
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designate"). This task is carried out using simple metaphors, such metaphors
have lost their figurativeness and are considered metaphors that function
directly as nouns: in English, Forgiven Sunday, black trade, pansies, fallen
money, tax, money circulation, investment attractiveness, credit portfolio,
economic growth, value chain, dollar falling, money exchange are examples of
metaphors that have become a common unit. Thanks to the metaphor, concepts
that are unclear or almost unclear in the nomenclature systems become specific.
On the basis of the nominative function, an object or event of economic reality is
given a metaphorical name and fills the stock of the economic vocabulary. As a
result, new lexical units appear. It can be said that the nominative features of
metaphors are evident in the process of translation, when words from the
mother tongue are translated into other languages, and when images are
created.
2.
Informativeness (information) function. A complex but beautiful
event is a metaphor that conveys information about a thing, object, event in a
holistic, figurative manner, so the speaker must have a rich lexical reserve for its
formation and creation. Through the communicative function of economic
metaphors, economic processes are understood, information about events in the
world of economy is expressed, it is possible to store and transfer them, and
with the help of it, this information becomes audible and interesting to readers
and listeners, for example: consumption mood of the population, free market
relations, evokes familiar associations such as dealing cards.
For example in English:[1]
– A new commodity spawns a lucrative, fast-growing industry, prompting
antitrust regulators to step in to restrain those who control its flow. A century
ago, the resource in question was oil. Now similar concerns are being raised by
the giants that deal in data, the oil of the digital era. (The Economist). The
economic metaphor of the oil of the digital era in this sentence serves the
purpose of providing information.
In Uzbek:
- In the currently developing market of the free economy, the consumer
mood of the population remains an urgent topic. So, in both languages, the
informative function of metaphors serves to convey information in the world of
economics.
Mnemonic function. Mnemonics (from the Greek mnemonics - the art of
remembering) is a system of methods that facilitate memorization and expand
memory by creating artificial associations. Some mnemonists learn to use
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various artificial methods in their acquisition, and they achieve the ability to
quickly remember large amounts of even meaningless material. But the use of
artificial methods to improve the efficiency of memory in a fundamental sense is
secondary and auxiliary. In general, memorizing by understanding the meaning
is a better and more effective method than memorizing mechanically. Metaphor
helps to remember information better. The mnemonic function of the metaphor
is combined with the functions of explanation in scientific and popular
literature, genre-forming in folk riddles, proverbs, literary aphorisms,
philosophical concepts, heuristic, i.e. thinking, creative thinking functions in
philosophical scientific theories. When talking about an object/situation or
action, along with a metaphor, some related folk wisdoms, proverbs, and the
opinion of sages are remembered associatively: For example, Amir Temur
understood the economy as the foundation of any kingdom. "Davlatu saltanat,"
says Temur in his "Tuzuklar", is alive with three things: property, treasure, and
army. With this, Temur emphasizes that for the survival and social development
of the state, first of all, it is necessary to have economic opportunities.
And in English:
"The div of society's life is economy, and its soul and spirit is spirituality,"
said Shavkat Mirziyoyev. As we decided to build a new Uzbekistan, we rely on
two strong pillars. The first is a strong economy based on market principles. The
second is a strong spirituality based on the rich heritage of our ancestors and
national values".
"The div of society's life is the economy, and its soul and spirit is
spirituality," said Shavkat Mirziyoyev.
As we decided to build a new Uzbekistan, we rely on two strong pillars. The
first is a strong economy based on market principles. The second is a strong
spirituality based on the rich heritage of our ancestors and national values
(speech of the meeting chaired by the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan
Shavkat Mirziyoyev on January 19, 2021).
In the example given in English, the div of life is likened to the economy,
and the word "The div of society's life is economy, and its soul and spirit is
spirituality" spoken in a metaphorical manner is revealed in the next sentence.
That is, the next line of the economic metaphor "The div of society's life is
economy" mnemonically mentions that it is a strong economy based on market
principles.
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As can be seen from the examples, in both languages, these economic
metaphors have a mnemonic function, and as a result, they help the information
to be remembered better and more vividly.
4. Text generation function. Naturally, this function of the metaphor is
related to the formation, expansion and interpretation of the text. For example,
when it comes to methodology and method in science, it is defined as the
doctrine of methods, methodology teaches how to approach methods and reality
in general. This theoretical idea can be explained in a simple form by giving a
metaphor, that is, the methodology is the road, and the method is the ability to
go to the designated road on foot, by bicycle, or by bus (freedom of choice).
The lifeblood of the economy - the reforms implemented in the banking
and financial system, which is the lifeblood of the economy, will inevitably serve
to increase the economic potential of our country (Economic Bulletin of
Uzbekistan: 2020.-№1.-B. 26).
In English we can find:
Know, the sun is tired:
It hides behind the mountains;
Ray repays behind a ray
And, scarlet, thin cloud,
Having pulled out his tired face,
Get out to rest.
It's time for him to rest.
In the quoted sentences, the metaphor serves to clarify and explain the
content of the text. The words "The sun is tired, It hides behind the mountains,
thin cloud" have become a metaphor. The exhaustion of the sun, hiding among
the mountains is used here in a figurative sense. In both cases, the metaphor is
used in the form of a sentence and serves to create a text.
Thus, all these metaphors play an important role in the discussion of economic
phenomena, they attract our attention with the way of showing economic
problems. All these metaphors have an important and special place among
economic texts and are important in the emergence of economic problems, as
well as in the resolution of conflicts and contradictions. In addition, the function
of the metaphor in the economic text is to understand the state of the world
economy, it allows visual, comprehensible and different description of economic
concepts, and it provides definitions for complex phenomena that appear in
nature.
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Refrences:
1.
O`zbekiston iqtisodiy axborotnomasi. Tahliliy jurnal. – Toshkent, 2020. –
№6. – B. 24.
2.
Муқимов З. Амир Темур тузуклари (тарихий ҳуқуқий тадқиқот).
Иккинчи тўлдирилган нашри. – Самарқанд: СамДУ, 2008. – 131 б. – Б.13.
3.
Xayrullayeva, N. (2022). СЕКТОР ЭКОНОМИКИ КОНГЕНИТИВНЫЙ В
ГАЗЕТНЫХ МАТЕРИАЛАХ ПРИМЕНЕНИЕ МЕТАФОРЫ. ЦЕНТР НАУЧНЫХ
ПУБЛИКАЦИЙ
(buxdu.Uz),
8(8).
извлечено
от
http://journal.buxdu.uz/index.php/journals_buxdu/article/view/4451
4.
Nodira, Х. (2022, January). Iqtisod haqidagi ilk bitiklar va ilk marotaba
qollanilgan metaforalar. In Integration Conference on Integration of
Pragmalinguistics, Functional Translation Studies and Language Teaching
Processes (pp. 124-126).
5.
http://mobile.studbooks.net/2427/literatura/funktsii_metafory_tekste
