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THE IMPORTANCE OF THE PEDAGOGICAL APPROACH IN
FORMING ECOTOURISM IN STUDENTS
Erjanova Sabohon Baxtiyorovna
Urgench State University
Teacher of the Faculty of Pedagogy
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14545962
Abstract
: This article provides information on the importance of the
pedagogical approach in the formation of ecotourism in students
Keywords
: ecotourism, ecoculture, ecology, resource, ecological science,
All spheres of human life, be it family, work, everyday life, and other things,
consist of mutual relationships. Nature is not only a sphere of human life, but
also a living environment that changes as humanity adapts to itself. Thousands
of years of labor, the struggle for their existence have led not only to the
development and progress of civilization, but also to major changes in the
environment. Throughout history, society has faced problems of an ecological
nature. The emergence of man on Earth has led to his significant impact on the
biosphere. The culture that created technocratic civilization has come into
conflict with the laws of nature. In the conditions of industrial society and
demographic explosion, the negative consequences of human activity have
become global. Through consumption, human society has exceeded the ability of
the biosphere to restore what has been lost. Modern society has come to realize
the need for rational development and preservation of the living natural
environment. The interaction of man with nature has led to the activities of
naturalists and ecological
“Ecology” is a field of knowledge that covers the sphere of interaction
between man and nature. The origins of this science are found in the Ancient
World. The surviving drawings on stones left by primitive people are written
evidence of a high interest of man in nature. Analysis of such images by modern
science allows us to assess the behavior and appearance of animals in relation to
the ecological problems of primitive people. The formation of ecological culture
is a purposeful process of forming an ecological culture based on the knowledge
of the laws of the functioning of ecological systems in each person,
understanding the uniqueness of nature and human life, active protection of the
environment, awareness of oneself as a part of nature, as well as the formation
of readiness for it. The formation of ecological culture in the process of
upbringing is associated with the formation of the most important qualities of a
person (responsibility, humanity, citizenship), since only a comprehensively
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developed person can create harmony in relations with the outside world. The
result of ecological education can be assessed by the level of development of the
ecological culture of a person, since this is the goal, the most important direction
of ecological culture.
The formation of ecological culture is considered as a process of continuous
education and development of a person, which is aimed at the formation of a
system of values-oriented behavior and activity that ensures the development of
scientific and practical knowledge and skills, a responsible attitude to the
surrounding socio-natural environment and health.
The process of forming an ecological culture directs students to master
social and ecological experience, prepares them for the best interaction with
various types of activities related to environmental problems. Therefore,
ecological culture is understood as a set of natural cultural systems, which is
based on a set of knowledge about the laws of operation of natural systems, the
ability to predict and foresee the consequences of human intervention in natural
relations, and conscious compliance with them. Thus, the formation of an
ecological culture of future engineers is a purposeful, multi-stage process aimed
at educating an environmentally responsible person, who is distinguished by the
ability to foresee the consequences of their actions and behavior, and can reduce
their harmful impact on themselves and the natural environment. For this, it is
necessary to carry out such psychological and pedagogical actions that, as a
result, create pedagogical conditions that will affect the change in human needs
and values. The formation of an ecological culture is a purposeful, systematic
activity aimed at the development of the individual. Therefore, the preparation
of future engineers for professional activity includes the formation of their
ecological beliefs and the presence of a system of scientific knowledge and skills
to form an ecological culture among students.
Ecological education, as an element of general education, is associated with
the mastery of the scientific foundations of the interaction between nature and
society. Its purpose is to form an ecological worldview, a system of knowledge,
views, and beliefs aimed at educating a person's spiritual responsibility for the
state of the environment, realizing the need for constant care for it in all types of
activity. The interdisciplinary nature of ecological knowledge determines the
nature of its impact on the entire educational system and affects all areas and
aspects of education and upbringing. At the present stage of university
education, the ecological culture of young people is being formed on the basis of
the principles of the unity of historical relations between nature and society. The
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multifaceted nature of the interaction between society and nature determines
the complexity of ecological education, its main principles: an interdisciplinary
approach to the formation of ecological culture, systematic and continuous study
of educational material, the unity of intellectual and emotional-volitional
principles. Students' activities in the study and improvement of the natural
environment; the interrelation of global, regional and local historical
environmental problems. This has been emphasized by many scientists. Based
on the experience accumulated by science in studying this problem, we consider
ecological culture as a set of scientific knowledge about the experience of the
interaction of man and nature, historically formed in different cultural periods;
the ability of a person to rationally and emotionally perceive the world around
him and himself in it, readiness for environmental protection measures. This is a
special personal education, which consists of the following elements:
understanding the uniqueness and complexity of natural phenomena, their
relationships; integrity of ecological knowledge; ability to think within the
boundaries of ecological safety; compliance with the laws of environmental
protection; the ability to create constructive moral rules regulating the
relationship of man with his natural environment; readiness to take
responsibility for environmental protection. The process of forming the
ecological culture of university students is based on a scientific basis, covers
most of the disciplines studied and pursues the following goals.
These goals can be expressed in the following groups of tasks: cognitive
(mastery of basic scientific ecological concepts and facts); understanding the
value of nature as a source of material and spiritual forces of society and each
individual; motivational (development of society's needs for nature; conscious
adherence to environmentally friendly norms of behavior); activity (activation
of activities to protect the natural environment, participation in the promotion
of nature conservation ideas). In our observations, the content of environmental
education was selected in accordance with the main pedagogical principles:
consistency and expediency; unity and differentiation of empirical and
theoretical components, scientific and practical components; completeness of
content within the time allotted for studying this discipline; continuity of
content, taking into account the assimilation of previously obtained information;
schematization and modeling; compliance of the content of the subject with the
capabilities of the educational and material base of the educational institution,
taking into account the prospects for its near future development. One more
principle should be added to this list, without the implementation of which the
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development of modern education will be impossible - the principle of cultural
compatibility. This position is connected with the understanding that
environmental problems should be considered taking into account ethnic
identity. Since ecology is a science about home, homeland, the goal of modern
environmental education is to approach the implementation of the idea of a
national home by restoring the natural connections of man, nature. It is
impossible to demonstrate the authenticity of humanity outside of culture.
Reconstruction in education is carried out through integrated courses, bringing
together natural and humanitarian sciences.
List of used literature:
1. Mashkova, I.V. The role of environmentalization of education in the education
system / I.V. Mashkova // Materials of the scientific method. conf. / Young
scientists of the Ural state. Physical University of culture. - Chelyabinsk, 2007. -
P. 119-125.
2. Pedagogical science and education: thematic. Saturday. scientific. Publication.
A.Ya. Nain / ChelGNOTS UpO RAO. - Chelyabinsk: 2004. - P. - 216.
4. Problems of formation of professional and ecological competence of the
teacher in conditions of person-oriented education: materials of scientific
method. conf. teachers. A.Ya. Flyer; VSPU. - Vladimir: 2007. - P. - 229.
5. Fortunatov, A.A. Methodological conditions for studying the problem of
development of ecological culture of youth: textbook. Pension / Fortunatov A.A.;
MaGU. - Magnitogorsk: 2009. -P.- 87.
