МЕЖДУНАРОДНАЯ КОНФЕРЕНЦИЯ
АКАДЕМИЧЕСКИХ НАУК
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GRAMMATICAL ANALYSIS OF FORMAL WRITING STYLE
UNITS IN UZBEK LANGUAGe
Khayrullayeva Yulduz Jura kizi
An assistant teacher of Information
technologies and management university
E-mail: yxayrullayeva259@gmail.com
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14777933
Abstract:
The formal writing style in the Uzbek language is characterized
by a set of distinct grammatical, lexical, and syntactic features that differentiate
it from colloquial or informal registers. This style is primarily used in academic,
legal, administrative, and scientific discourse. Its grammatical structure adheres
to strict norms that emphasize clarity, precision, and a high degree of cohesion.
This analysis explores the grammatical units that define the formal writing style
in Uzbek, including morphological structures, syntactic constructions, and
lexical-grammatical features.
Key words:
grammatical, lexical, syntactic feature, colloquial, scientific
discourse, grammatical discourse, morphological structure.
Morphology in formal Uzbek writing reflects a preference for complex
derivational and inflectional forms that ensure precision and clarity in meaning.
In formal Uzbek, nominalization is widely used to express abstract concepts,
often replacing verb-based expressions with noun forms. The suffixes -lik, -
chilik, and -kor are commonly used to derive abstract nouns:
Mustaqillik
(independence) ←
mustaqil
(independent)
Rivojlanish
(development) ← rivojlan - (to develop)
Tadqiqotchi
(researcher) ←
tadqiq
(research)
These formations contribute to the depersonalization of discourse, which is
a fundamental characteristic of formal writing. The use of auxiliary verbs and
modal constructions is prevalent in formal writing. The verb mumkin bo‘ldi,
zarur, lozim, and shart indicate obligation, necessity, or possibility:
Tahlil natijalari shuni ko‘rsatadiki, bu metodologiya qo‘llanishi mumkin.
(
The results of the analysis show that this methodology can be applied.
)
Passive voice constructions, using -l-, -n-, -in- suffixes, are also frequent, as
they help depersonalize statements:
Mazkur masala o‘rganildi.
(
This issue was studied.
)
Mavzu doirasida tadqiqot olib borilgan.
(
A study was conducted within the
framework of the topic.
)
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Formal Uzbek writing employs specific syntactic structures that emphasize
logical coherence and precision. Some of the most notable features include:
Formal discourse prefers compound and complex sentences, often linked by
conjunctions such as shuningdek, natijada, chunki, shuning uchun:
Mazkur tadqiqot metodologiyasining muhimligi shundaki, u aniq tahlil
usullari orqali ishonchli natijalarga olib keladi.
(
The importance of this research methodology lies in the fact that it leads to
reliable results through precise analytical methods.
)
Use of Participial and Gerundial Constructions
Instead of simple, direct statements, formal Uzbek uses participial and
gerundial constructions to create more complex and nuanced expressions:
O‘rganilgan materiallarga asoslanib, muallif ushbu natijaga keldi.
(
Based on the studied materials, the author arrived at this conclusion.
)
One of the key characteristics of formal Uzbek writing is the frequent use of
nominal constructions. Nouns and noun phrases are extensively employed to
convey abstract concepts and maintain a neutral tone. The following
morphological features are prominent: The widespread use of compound nouns
(e.g., davlat boshqaruvi ‘state administration’, ilmiy izlanishlar ‘scientific
research’).
The prevalence of deverbal nouns (e.g., boshqarish ‘management’,
rivojlanish ‘development’), which provide an impersonal and objective style. The
use of case markers, especially the genitive (-ning) and ablative (-dan) cases,
which enhance clarity and precision in formal texts.
Formal writing in Uzbek favors verb forms that emphasize neutrality and
objectivity. The following verb-related features are notable: The preference for
third-person singular/plural verb forms instead of personal pronouns to
maintain a depersonalized style (e.g.,
Tadqiqot natijalari shuni ko‘rsatadiki...
‘The
research results indicate that...’). The frequent use of passive and reflexive verb
forms (-il-, -n-) to distance the subject from the action (e.g.,
mazkur muammo hal
qilindi
‘this issue was resolved’). The employment of gerundive and participial
constructions to ensure logical cohesion (e.g.,
bajarilgan ishlar ‘the completed
works’
). Tadqiq qilingan ma’lumotlar asosida, quyidagi xulosalar chiqarildi.
(Based on the analyzed data, the following conclusions were drawn.)
These constructions contribute to the academic and objective tone of
formal writing. Nominal Predication and Passive Constructions. Nominal
predicates, rather than simple verb predicates, dominate in formal writing. This
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is often achieved through the verb bo‘lishi: For example,
Natijalar ilmiy
jamoatchilik tomonidan tasdiqlangan.
(
The results have been confirmed by the scientific community.
)
Such structures reduce subjectivity and emphasize objectivity. The lexical
and grammatical characteristics of formal writing also contribute to its distinct
style. The use of specialized terminology and formal lexemes is an essential
aspect of Uzbek formal writing: For example,
Eksperimental tahlil natijalari ushbu gipotezani qo‘llab-quvvatlaydi.
(
Experimental analysis results support this hypothesis.
)
Ushbu masala lingvistik nuqtayi nazardan muhim ahamiyat kasb etadi.
(
This issue is of significant importance from a linguistic perspective.
)
Formal vocabulary avoids colloquialisms and prefers Latinate or Persian-
Arabic loanwords. Unlike informal writing, formal discourse minimizes the use
of first-person pronouns (
men, biz
), instead opting for impersonal expressions:
Mazkur masala ilmiy doiralarda ko‘rib chiqiladi.
(
This issue is considered in academic circles.
)
This strategy enhances the objectivity of the text.
To conclude, the grammatical analysis of formal writing style units in Uzbek
reveals a structured, precise, and impersonal nature. The preference for complex
noun phrases, passive voice, nominal predicates, and participial constructions
ensures clarity and academic rigor. Syntactic complexity and the strategic use of
formal vocabulary further distinguish this style from informal or conversational
Uzbek. Understanding these grammatical features is crucial for effective
academic writing and professional communication in Uzbek.
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Алиқулов О. Расман ёзиш ва нутқ маданияти. – Тошкент: Адабиёт,
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3.
Аскарова М. Ўзбек тили стилистикаси. – Тошкент: Фан, 2000. – 224 б.
4.
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