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MEASURES TO IMPROVE HIGHER EDUCATION SERVICES IN UZBEKISTAN
Amriyeva Shakhzoda Shukhratovna,
Assistant teacher of department “Digital economy” of SamIES
Farmonov Beksulton Jamshid ugli,
Student of Samarkand institute of economics and service
Abstract:
This article discusses measures to improve the higher education system and develop
educational services in order to train qualified personnel, create broad opportunities for young
people to study and contribute to the development of the country. The results of the adopted
decisions and laws are also presented.
Keywords:
education system, higher education services, credit-module system, qualified
personnel, "University 3.0", labor incentives, "Top-1000" rating.
Аннотация:
В статье изложены меры по совершенствованию системы высшего
образования и развитию образовательных услуг в целях подготовки квалифицированных
кадров, создания широких возможностей для обучения молодежи и внесения ею вклада в
развитие страны. Также представлены результаты принимаемых решений и законов.
Ключевые слова:
система образования, услуги высшего образования, кредитно-
модульная система, квалифицированные кадры, «Университет 3.0», стимулирование труда,
рейтинг «Топ-1000».
Introduction
The development of every country and society is inextricably linked with the development of
science and technology there. The attention paid to science and its study determines the future of
that country. For this reason, the head of our country has been paying special attention to the
development of higher education for the purpose of sustainable development of our country and
training of qualified personnel.
According to the Decree of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan "On approval of the
concept of development of the higher education system of the Republic of Uzbekistan until
2030":
Turning the National University of Uzbekistan and Samarkand State University into the
flagships of higher education institutions in our country;
Including at least 10 higher education institutions in the republic in the top 1,000 higher
education institutions in the rankings of internationally recognized organizations (Quacquarelli
Symonds World University Rankings, Times Higher Education or Academic Ranking of World
Universities), including the National University of Uzbekistan and Samarkand State University
in the top 500 higher education institutions;
ISSN: 3030-3931, Impact factor: 7,241
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Gradual transition of the educational process in higher education institutions to a credit-
module system;
Introducing advanced standards of higher education, based on international experience,
including a gradual transition from education focused on acquiring theoretical knowledge in
curricula to an education system focused on developing practical skills;
raising the content of higher education to a qualitatively new level, establishing a system
for training highly qualified personnel who can make a worthy contribution to the sustainable
development of the social sphere and economic sectors, and find their place in the labor market;
ensuring the academic independence of higher education institutions;
gradually introducing the concept of "University 3.0", which implies the inextricable link
between education, science, innovation and commercialization of research results in higher
education institutions;
establishing technoparks, foresight, technology transfer, startup, accelerator centers in
higher education institutions at the expense of wide foreign investment, expansion of the scope
of paid services and other extra-budgetary funds, and raising them to the level of scientific and
practical institutions that research and forecast the socio-economic development of relevant
sectors, industries and regions;
ensuring that professors, teachers, researchers, doctoral students, undergraduate and
graduate students of higher education institutions publish articles in prestigious international
scientific journals with a high impact factor, increase the citation index of articles, as well as
gradually include scientific journals of the republic in international scientific and technical
databases;
transforming the higher education system of Uzbekistan into a "hub" implementing
international educational programs in Central Asia;
increasing the investment attractiveness of higher education, attracting foreign education
and science technologies;
implementing five initiatives, including comprehensive measures aimed at creating
additional conditions for the education and upbringing of students and youth;
improving the infrastructure and material and technical base of higher education
institutions, including through the widespread involvement of preferential funds from
international financial institutions, gradually transferring them to a self-financing system and
ensuring their financial stability;
establishing mutually beneficial cooperation between education and production
enterprises and research institutes;
increasing the level of coverage of socially vulnerable segments of the population,
including people with disabilities, with higher education, and improving infrastructure conditions
for them are set.
The draft presidential decree “On measures to radically improve the system of higher and
secondary specialized education” has been posted on the portal for discussion of draft regulatory
legal acts.
The document notes that an analysis of the work being carried out shows that there are some
problems and shortcomings that hinder the effective organization and implementation of the
tasks facing the higher education system. In particular:
firstly, the process of organizing education in the system of higher and secondary specialized
education, the system of conveying the content of the subject by teaching professors and teachers,
and the system of properly assessing the knowledge of students studying, is not up to the
required level;
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Original article
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the content of educational programs and the pace of their updating in terms of organizing the
educational process on the basis of modern technologies do not fully meet the changing
requirements of today's consistently developing economic sectors and the labor market;
secondly, the lack of constant self-improvement of professors and teachers, low knowledge,
pedagogical skills and abilities, and the lack of use of innovative educational technologies led to
the fact that graduates did not meet the requirements of the customer (employer);
the lack of development of optimal mechanisms for planning the admission of students to higher
and secondary specialized educational institutions in the republic led to the emergence of an
imbalance between the labor market and the market of educational services;
thirdly, the fact that higher education and secondary specialized institutions did not become
centers of communication for the exchange of innovative and technological ideas, and the lack of
systematic study of existing problems and shortcomings in the relevant fields led to the
underdevelopment of scientific areas in the field;
Fourth, the low social status and prestige of higher and secondary specialized education, as well
as the low level of the system of motivating employees, in most cases lead to the persistence of
many problems in the field;
The centralized procedures for appointing leading personnel of higher and secondary specialized
educational institutions and approving their organizational structures create certain problems in
ensuring the effective organization of the management of educational institutions and the rapid
implementation of the assigned tasks;
Fifth, the issues of management of modern information and communication techniques and
technologies in higher and secondary specialized educational institutions, organization of the
educational process, and integration of software tools into the content of education are not up to
the required level;
The strengthening and modernization of the material and technical base of the higher and
secondary specialized education system, their provision with modern training laboratories and
information and communication technologies in accordance with the requirements of the
programs of educational areas are not met.
In order to prevent and eliminate the above-mentioned problems, a number of decisions have
been made and measures are being implemented. In particular, in 2019, the Concept for the
Development of the Higher Education System of the Republic of Uzbekistan until 2030 was
adopted, which laid the foundation for the development of public-private partnerships in the field
of higher education, the promotion of higher education institutions of the republic in the rankings
of internationally recognized organizations (QS, THE, Academic Ranking of World
Universities).
This document has become a strategic program for the development of the university system and
has set the main indicators of development. Thanks to systematic measures, two higher education
institutions of the country - the National Research University "Tashkent Institute of Irrigation
and Agricultural Mechanization Engineers" and the National University of Uzbekistan named
after Mirzo Ulugbek - for the first time entered the TOP-1000 ranking of the best universities in
the world (QS World University Rankings-2025).
As part of the ongoing reforms, special attention is paid to the introduction of modern standards.
Starting from 2020, all higher education institutions in the country are gradually switching to the
credit-module system based on the European Credit Transfer and Accumulation System. This
has ensured the flexibility of educational programs and created the opportunity for students to
choose subjects. At the same time, the introduction of the credit-module system contributes to
the active expansion of the practice of double diploma programs (Double Degree), which allow
students to obtain diplomas from the University of Uzbekistan and partner universities of other
countries. The most important achievement in the field of higher education is the increase in the
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coverage of higher education. In 2023, the coverage rate of higher education was 42%, which is
almost 5 times higher than in 2016 (9%). Today, the number of students in higher education
institutions is 1.3 million. The number of higher education institutions in the country increased
from 77 in 2016 to 213 in 2023 (97 of which are non-state or foreign universities). To support
talented youth, the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan grant was introduced in 2021, which
will be awarded to the 200 applicants who scored the highest points in the entrance exams for
full-time bachelor's degrees at state higher education institutions. Starting from the 2022/2023
academic year, 1,000 grant places have been allocated at foreign universities and their branches,
as well as at non-state universities in the republic. Also, starting from this academic year, 2,000
state grants have been allocated in addition to the general parameters for women who do not
have higher education and who have received a recommendation from the Family and Women's
Committee.
Ensuring the integration of higher education, science and innovation is also a key task of modern
reforms. The concept of "University 3.0" is being implemented in the country's higher education
institutions, which envisages the inextricable link between education, science, innovation and
commercialization of scientific research results in higher education institutions. As a result, the
scientific potential of higher education institutions amounted to 40%, the number of articles in
the "Scopus" and "Web of Science" databases reached 3,574. As of the end of 2023, the volume
of commercialization of research results of higher education institutions and scientific
organizations amounted to 270.6 billion soums, 17 spin-off companies were created.
Conclusion
In conclusion, the higher education system of Uzbekistan has developed significantly in recent
years, and many reforms and innovations have been introduced. The decisions and decrees
adopted by the leadership of our country are aimed at improving the quality of higher education
institutions, taking them to international rankings, introducing modern teaching methods, and
strengthening integration with science. The goal is to contribute to the scientific, technical, and
economic development of society through the expansion of the higher education system, the
flexibility of curricula, and the creation of broad opportunities for students.
In particular, the focus on the placement of universities in international rankings is helping to
bring the quality of the higher education system to a new level. Also, innovative approaches such
as the credit-module system and double diploma programs further improve the educational
process. In this process, measures are being taken to improve the qualifications of professors and
teachers, commercialize science and innovations, and integrate modern technologies into the
educational process. As a result, higher education is preparing personnel that meet the
requirements of the labor market and strengthening our country's position in the global scientific
and educational system.
At the same time, these reforms will have a positive impact not only on the rise of higher
education institutions, but also on overall economic and social development.
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