Volume 02 Issue 03-2022
22
International Journal of Advance Scientific Research
(ISSN
–
2750-1396)
VOLUME
02
I
SSUE
03
Pages:
22-27
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.478
)
(2022:
5.636
)
METADATA
IF
–
7.356
A
BSTRACT
The research is conducted on the sources of water and proper mothod of water purification . water is one
of human basic need , Water is a chemical neutral, colorless, odorless and tasteless liquid found all over the
world (Essick, 2009).
Precipitation is primary input of water on the earth. Water occurs broadly in two classes, namely surface
and ground water which existed these state, solid, liquid and gaseous forms. Water constantly circulate in
nature by a process kwon as hydrological cycle in which water circulate from sea to atmosphere by
precipitation and back to earth. The surface water forms all the water bodies such as Rivers , lakes ,streams
, seas and oceans, while ground water are mostly stored in water bearing soil formations called aquifers .
The findings also revealed that the methods adopted by the rural area people for treating their water
includes filtration and boiling.
K
EYWORDS
Water, purification, function, sources, human, surface, div.
Journal
Website:
http://sciencebring.co
m/index.php/ijasr
Copyright:
Original
content from this work
may be used under the
terms of the creative
commons
attributes
4.0 licence.
Research Article
SOURCES AND FUNCTION OF A WATER IN THE HUMAN BODY
Submission Date:
February 20, 2022,
Accepted Date:
March 06, 2022,
Published Date:
March 17, 2022
Crossref doi:
https://doi.org/10.37547/ijasr-02-03-04
Fati Mallam Gana
Msc Student Of City University Cambodia
Volume 02 Issue 03-2022
23
International Journal of Advance Scientific Research
(ISSN
–
2750-1396)
VOLUME
02
I
SSUE
03
Pages:
22-27
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.478
)
(2022:
5.636
)
METADATA
IF
–
7.356
I
NTRODUCTION
It is well known fact that clean water is absolutely
essential for healthy living. Adequate supply of
clean water is basic health need for all human
beings, as with all animals, plants live on the
planet is dependent upon water. Not only do we
need water to grow our food, generate our power
and run our industries, but we need water as a
basic part of our lives. Our bodies need to ingest
water every day to continue functioning (Water
Aid 2012).
Gleick, (2011) asserted that basic needs of water
go beyond what we need to drink or ingest
through our food for daily survival. Water need
standard is five (5) liters per person per day. It
includes the need for water to maintain health.
Communities and individual can exist without
many things if they have to, for instance they can
be deprived of comfort of shelter or food for a
period of time, but they can not be deprived of
water and survive for more than few days. Often
the intimate relationship between water and life
is interwoven into fabric of all countries, religions
and societies in myriad (Water aid 2010). Water
for basic need (household services) represent a
relatively small amount of total quantities
withdrawn for other uses. Yet although many
fortunate people throughout the word are able to
take water for granted where it is available for an
estimated 1.1 Billion people, water rules their
daily lives with the cruel irony that is often both
the most precious and sought after commodities
requiring grinding daily labour to acquire (Water
aid 2OlO).water is a critical determinant for
survival in the initial stages of disaster, people
affected by the disaster generally much more
susceptible to diseases, illnesses and death,
diseases which are related to large extent to
inadequate water supply and poor hygiene. The
most significant of these diseases are diarrhoea
diseases
and
other
infectious
diseases
transmitted by faeco-oral route, other water
related diseases include those carried by vector
associated with solid waste and water (UNICEF
2010).
Concept of Water
Water is a liquid which fall or descends from the
clouds in form of rain, rivers, lakes and seas etc.
Water is a chemical neutral, colorless, odorless
and tasteless liquid found all over the world
(Essick, 2009).
Precipitation is primary input of water on the
earth. Water occurs broadly in two classes,
namely surface and ground water which existed
these state, solid, liquid and gaseous forms. Water
constantly circulate in nature by a process kwon
as hydrological cycle in which water circulate
from sea to atmosphere by precipitation and back
to earth. The surface water forms all the water
bodies such as rivers, lakes, streams, seas and
oceans, while ground water are mostly stored in
water bearing soil formations called aquifers
(Water aid 2010).
Water is one of the prime necessities of human
existence, it is very necessary for social, economic
Volume 02 Issue 03-2022
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International Journal of Advance Scientific Research
(ISSN
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2750-1396)
VOLUME
02
I
SSUE
03
Pages:
22-27
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.478
)
(2022:
5.636
)
METADATA
IF
–
7.356
and technological development of a community,
water makes up about 70 o/o of div weight in
men and about 60o/o in women. Water consist of
2 to 3 liters in plasma, a large amount of water is
lost each day in faeces, sweat and urine (Essick,
2009).
Benefit of water to a human being
1.
Water Protects Your Tissues
2.
Water Helps Your Body Remove Waste
through perspiration and urination.
3.
Water help to digestion the e eat easily
4.
Water Prevents You From Becoming
Dehydrated
5.
Water Helps Brain to Function normally and
speedy
6.
Water Keeps Your Cardiovascular System
Healthy
7.
Water Can Help You Eat Healthier
8.
Water help to protect Spinal Cord
9.
Water help to give strength to our div
10.
Water help to protect all our div Joints.
Sources of Water
Water is one of the prime necessities of human
existence, it is very necessary for the social,
economic and technological development of a
community. Water is a chemical neutral, odorless,
colorless and tasteless liquid. Water is a liquid
which falls from the clouds in form of rain, rivers,
lakes, streams, seas and oceans which occurs in
two classes, namely the surface water and ground
water. Water exist in these state, solid liquid and
gaseous forms (Water Aids 2010).
Therefore, the sources of water in Shukari ward
are from well, ponds and well which was sunken
by the government and its dry up during dry
season. In the raining season, villagers use rain
water (collected from the roof and surface water
fetch from the ground) for the house hold.
Villagers travel from far distance using donkeys
and motorcycles in search of water for the family
during the dry season, which are of low quantity
and quality to meet the family demands. Due to
inadequate water supply, several diseases are
afflicting the rural populace despite the mandate
released by united nations water conference
(UNICEF, 2009) that all national governments are
to prove all people, irrespective of their domiciles,
social status, etc with clean water of safe quality
and adequate in quantity (Essick, 2010).
Water is essential element of all the biological
activities of living cells, animal and plants. Water
makes up about 70% of the div weight in men
about 60% in women. A large amount of water is
lost each day in faces, sweat and urine. Under
normal circumstances, this is balanced by intake
in food and to satisfy thirst. Dehydration with
serious consequences may occur if intake does
not balance with the loss.
Provision of water in its adequate requirement is
evitable for successful living (Water Aid, 2007).
Health Hazards Associated with Water
Water despite its usefulness, it can be adverse
effect, especially when in excess of requirement
or when supply fall extremely below
requirement. These resulted into large overland
flow popularly known as flood and later drought
Volume 02 Issue 03-2022
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International Journal of Advance Scientific Research
(ISSN
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2750-1396)
VOLUME
02
I
SSUE
03
Pages:
22-27
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.478
)
(2022:
5.636
)
METADATA
IF
–
7.356
(Wilson 2008). Flood generally has a net result of
excessive erosion, raising the water table above
plant root zone which in turn has the negative
effect of a salinizing the soil thereby rendering it
unproductive, such soil which is usually
reluctantly abundant as barren land like desert.
Both flood and drought have the net result of
depressing the agricultural productivity of the
soil and thus creating a society sick with hunger,
poverty and many other socio-economic ills
(Water Aids, 2007). Drought and flood have a
consequential effect that posses a threat to the
social, economic and wellbeing of the rural
populace.
Diseases
Water is acclaimed “key to health” and there is a
general contention that water is even more basic
than all other essential things of life and living
(Essick, 2009). Water is closely related to health,
absence of water in its required quantity and
quality can result in to diseases. Nigerian rural
populace lack a reliable supply of clean water and
only one tenth of the urban dwellers have access
to reliable sources of portable water (UNICEF,
2009).
Water-borne Diseases
:
These are diseases basically contacted as a result
of drinking water polluted by human wastes,
ingestion of food washed by bacteria and virus,
some of the water borne diseases includes,
cholera, typhoid, dysentery, hepatitis A and B and
gastrointestinal disorder, etc.
Water wash diseases
These are diseases caused absolutely by scarcity
of water for washing hand and maintenance of
personal hygiene e.g. trachoma and scabies.
Trachoma is chronic inflammatory conditions
caused by Chlamydia trachomatis in which
fibrous tissues are formed in the conjunctiva and
cornea leading to eye lid deformity, and is a
common causes of blindness in tropical countries.
The microbes are spread by flies, communal uses
of contaminated washing water, cross infection
between mother and child, contaminated towels
and clothing, etc.
Water insect transmitted diseases:
These are the diseases not directly linked with
water but are caused by agents host in the
environment of the breeding and feeding places:
such diseases are malaria and on chocerciasis
(River blindness), etc. these diseases are best
controlled by improving the sanitary condition of
the environment, destruction of insects breeding
sites and a large scale vector control.
Similarly, several problems associated with
inadequate water supply, people are compelled to
buying and fetching of water from unfit sources
such as uncovered wells, streams, ponds and
rivers which are at high risk to pollution by
linkage especially borehole.
Methods of Water Purification
Water sources are more apt to contain bacterial
contaminants, despite the fact that appearance of
the water can easily deceive. Water that is used
must therefore be properly treated regardless of
it sources, since most lakes, springs, wells and
Volume 02 Issue 03-2022
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VOLUME
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SJIF
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MPACT
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(2021:
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)
(2022:
5.636
)
METADATA
IF
–
7.356
surface water are subjected to pollution. People of
community purify their water and periodically
analyze for chemical or bacteriological
contamination.
(Water Aids 2007) stated that, the most common
type of water treatment is done by tepid stand
gravity filtration methods that causes chemical
addition and mixing flocculation, sedimentation,
filtration and chlorination.
The first three (3) steps are designed to remove
turbidity and colour (Essick, 2007). Essick further
stated
that
although
flocculation
and
sedimentation assist in the removal of bacteria
and other organism such as large and protozoa.
Filtration remove most impurities from the water
with effective filters include sand, diatomaceous,
silica and othrocite coal.
Similarly, disinfection of water depends upon the
number and nature of organism present in
temperature, time of PH (potency of hydrogen),
oxidation, potential and the type of disinfectant
used. Chemical that good disinfecting qualities
include; potassium per manganite, copper silver,
ozone, chloride dioxide and the hydrogen.
Uses of Water
The uses of water are many, from drinking and
cleaning to irrigating crops and landscapes.
Water is used for cooling, recreation and dust
control. Water is needed for restaurants, most
industrial; processes and even some religious
ceremonies. On another level, the splash flow of
water in streams and fountain sooth and inspires
(Oshima T.2009).
In one way or another, water Is a part of almost
every thing human makes or do washing a load
laundry uses water, filling a backyard pool needs
water, growing a pound of cotton needs water,
producing a pound of copper uses water. All these
water demand are made by various supply
sources including the salt, Gila and Colorado
Rivers and ground water pumped from beneath
the surface. Non consumptive uses of water such
as bathing, hydropower generation and creation,
some can be used again and again, although some
uses lower quality of water once used, waste
water can be treated and used again as reclaimed
water or effluent (Dawood,2010).
Water is useful in the normal functioning of the
div system which includes; provision of the
moist internal environment which is required by
all living cell in the div. Participation in all the
chemical reaction which occur inside and outside
the div cells. Dilution and moistening of food,
regulation of div temperature as a constituent
of sweat, which is secreted on the skin, it
evaporates and cooling of the div surface. A
major constituent of blood and tissue fluid, it
transport some substances in solution and some
suspension round the div and dilution of wastes
products and poisonous substances in the div.
Water provide the medium for excretion of waste
product, e.g urine and faeces (Water Aids, 2007).
C
ONCLUSION
Based on the findings of the study, the following
conclusions were drawn:
Volume 02 Issue 03-2022
27
International Journal of Advance Scientific Research
(ISSN
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2750-1396)
VOLUME
02
I
SSUE
03
Pages:
22-27
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.478
)
(2022:
5.636
)
METADATA
IF
–
7.356
Majority of the rural area agreed that most
common sources of water supply are from ponds,
surface water, well and rain water which is
inadequate for their daily needs.
From the findings it shows that the rural area
people agreed that due to lack of adequate water
supply, there are many problems facing the area
The findings also revealed that the methods
adopted by the rural area people for treating their
water includes filtration and boiling.
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