Volume 02 Issue 10-2022
20
International Journal of Advance Scientific Research
(ISSN
–
2750-1396)
VOLUME
02
I
SSUE
10
Pages:
20-23
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.478
)
(2022:
5.636
)
METADATA
IF
–
7.356
A
BSTRACT
In this article, the influence and reasons of public opinion on the origin of various and external conflicts
were considered
K
EYWORDS
Public opinion, inert force, mass, objective world, social act.
I
NTRODUCTION
The role of public opinion in strengthening
statehood and preventing world missile and
nuclear war is increasing. Attempts by Western
ideologues to use it to justify aggressive policies
are becoming increasingly futile. Peace-loving
social forces are now becoming not only the
material basis of public opinion, but also concrete
levers that actively influence its formation,
principled positions. Public opinion is becoming
an increasingly important factor that cannot be
ignored in the domestic and foreign policies of
States in various social systems.
The practical activity of public opinion raises the
self-esteem of every citizen even more, will
increase his social activity, and in the end leads to
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Research Article
THE INFLUENCE OF PUBLIC OPINION ON THE SOLUTION OF
THE PROBLEMS OF WAR AND PEACE OF MODERN
CONDITIONS
Submission Date:
October 01, 2022,
Accepted Date:
October 05, 2022,
Published Date:
October 11, 2022
Crossref doi:
https://doi.org/10.37547/ijasr-02-10-04
Kamronbek Ulugbek ogli Rajabov
Research, Sharda University Uzbekistan
Volume 02 Issue 10-2022
21
International Journal of Advance Scientific Research
(ISSN
–
2750-1396)
VOLUME
02
I
SSUE
10
Pages:
20-23
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.478
)
(2022:
5.636
)
METADATA
IF
–
7.356
further strengthening of the role of public opinion
in the state decline, in the development of the
economy, Public relations, in solving the burning
problem of the contemporary issue of war and
peace.
That is why the study of the embezzlement of
public opinion, the determination of the
conditions and ways of its influence on the
preservation and consolidation of peace, the
prevention of thermonuclear war are of current
importance. In this regard, the author faces two
challenges:
•
first, to reveal the essence of public opinion as
a social phenomenon;
•
secondly, to show the factors of formation of
public opinion and its role in the struggle for
peace, prevention of a new world war.
The basic principles of historical materialism,
beyond which public opinion cannot be properly
understood as a social phenomenon, are: the
creative role of sucking in social-historical
practice; the need to combine ideas and
experience of the revolutionary movement as a
condition of social progress; the need to know the
real state of social consultation, ideas, ideals,
interests, moods, feelings, representations, and
views of all classes and social groups of society.
These provisions of Marxism-Leninism constitute
the theoretical and philosophical-methodological
basis of correct understanding and study of public
opinion, its essence and role in society. Without
them, the approach to the analysis of public
opinion may be superficial and one-sided at best,
and the incorporation of it into practice may be
formal, not real.
Public opinion, on the one hand, is subject to the
action of all the general laws of development of
public consciousness, and on the other hand, it
also has its own characteristics, or, speaking in
philosophical language, public consciousness and
public opinion correlate as general and special.
T
HE MAIN FINDINGS AND RESULTS
What is the main feature of social consciousness?
In, as V. Lenin emphas
izes, that it ‘’not only
reflects the objective world, but also creates it’’
[1].
Consequently, public consciousness as a whole,
and after it public opinion as a social act, can and
should be analyzed in two aspects in terms of
defining and disclosing the subject, level and
method of reflection, the epistemological aspect,
as well as in terms of considering its role in public
life, sociological aspect.
In pre-Marsist philosophy, the desire of thinkers
to comprehend the essence of public opinion
often turned out to be one-sided, because it
attached too much importance to one or the other
aspect, that is, public opinion was not considered
in the unity of the epistemological and
sociological aspects.
Let us take for example the views of the
representatives of German classical philosophy
Kant and Hegel. Kant in his “On Opinion,
Knowledge and Faith”. This section expresses the
idea that opinion is a step, albeit a shaky one, on
Volume 02 Issue 10-2022
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International Journal of Advance Scientific Research
(ISSN
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2750-1396)
VOLUME
02
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Pages:
20-23
SJIF
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FACTOR
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(2022:
5.636
)
METADATA
IF
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the way to the knowledge of truth. Opinion is a
conscious recognition of something as true, - Kant
notes and then immediately adds, - insufficient
both from the subjective and from the objective
side [2, p. 673]. As we can see, Kant clearly
distinguishes opinion from faith and knowledge,
at the same time dismissing opinion and the
cognitive function. However, Kant did not reveal
the direct effect of this function in the spiritual life
of society; he did not even raise the question of
public opinion.
Bolle comprehensively considered this problem
Hegel. In the Philosophy of Law, he specifically
devotes several paragraphs to this topic. Thinking
about the mechanism of the simultaneous
emergence of related thoughts in people, in the
course of relationships between them, Hegel
states that “the moment of universal knowledge
of the matter receives more and more widespread
implementation through the public debate [3, pp.
323-334]. As we can see, Hegel pays tribute to the
cognitive possibilities of public opinion, which he
qualifies as “judgment about the general affairs”
of many people. Hegel expressed the idea that
public opinion arises only where it is a question
of the public interest of “general affairs”.
However, he will not develop this idea further,
because it contradicts the class interests of
bourgeois society. He writes that “truth and
endless delusions are connected” in public
opinion, that the people cannot comprehend the
way of knowing and discussing their actions,
events, etc.
Western sociologists tend to define public
opinion idealistic, detaching it from the material
conditions of society. They usually attribute an
active character to 'elitist' opinions, and the
popular opinion is “inert force”. The masses, in
their opinion, follow the footsteps of the ruling
class of "opinion leaders'. According to the
traditional view of bourgeois scholars, public
opinion refers to a judgment on a particular issue
that is best informed, intellectually more
advanced. This judgment is persistently
propagated and propagated by Western
propaganda, so that it is often perceived as its
own by the fairly broad circles of capitalist
society. In many Western writings, public opinion
is interpreted as “the individual opinion or
opinion of a small group of individuals who, due
to circumstances, have the capacity to be heard”.
The Marxist approach to explaining the nature,
essence and features of processes and
phenomena is fundamentally different from
bourgeois concepts. For him, the dialectic-
materialistic method of explaining complex
spiritual formations, which includes public
opinion, is determinative and initial. In this
connection, it is appropriate to stress Lenin’s
position that when studying complex phenomena
and processes, it is not just individual facts that
are necessary to have a brother, but the whole
div of relevant facts, without a single exception.
The Marxist approach to explaining the nature,
essence and features of processes and
phenomena is fundamentally different from
bourgeois concepts. For him, the dialectic-
materialistic method of explaining complex
spiritual formations, which includes public
opinion, is determinative and initial. In this
Volume 02 Issue 10-2022
23
International Journal of Advance Scientific Research
(ISSN
–
2750-1396)
VOLUME
02
I
SSUE
10
Pages:
20-23
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.478
)
(2022:
5.636
)
METADATA
IF
–
7.356
connection, it is appropriate to underline the
position of Lenin that when studying complex
phenomena and processes, it is not just individual
facts that are needed, but the totality of the
relevant facts, without any exception.
Public opinion belongs to the sphere of spiritual
life of society and is directly connected with the
public consciousness, reflecting both natural and
social realities. It is an effective phenomenon that
requires attention and attention. This peculiarity
of public opinion was clearly pointed out by
F.Engels in his work “Foreign Policy of the
Russian Tsarism” written in connection with the
aggravation of the international situation in
Europe in the late 1980s and early 1990s and the
increasing danger of world war. He stressed: "The
new king had to pretend to be a liberal, but this
time inside the country. This was the beginning of
Russia’s internal
history, the movement of minds
among the nation itself, and the reflection of this
movement - public opinion, though still very
weak, but increasingly becoming less and less
able to ignore". Developing F.Engels’ idea,
V.I.Lenin demanded that when solving economic,
state, organizational-
party and other issues, “first
get more definite opinion of the party, take into
account the public opinion of the revolutionary
environment” and only then, having fully
considered, having studied the opinion of the
majority, to make a concrete decision.
C
ONCLUSION
In our view, the question of the growth of public
opinion cannot be separated from the definition
of its place in the structure of public
consciousness. Public opinion is connected with
public consciousness as a whole. It begins to form
at the level of social psychology. It ultimately
contains psychological and ideological elements.
It is the public movement for peace and the easing
of international tension that is a powerful
generator, a powerful voice of world-wide
common opinion, with its inherent unity of
rational, emotional and volitional aspects.
Another K.Marx stressed that “the union of slaves
of all countries will eventually eliminate all wars”.
Elaborating on this idea, Vladimir Lenin pointed
out: “In the ha
nds of the working class lies the
solution to the question of war and peace”. He
noted that the first socialist revolution had torn
out of the imperialist war and the imperialist
world the first hundred million people on earth.
“The next will wrest from su
ch wars and from
such a world all mankind”.
R
EFERENCES
1.
Political work among enemy troops and
population.
–
Moscow. Military Publisher,
1987.
2.
Volkovsky N.L. History of Information Wars.
Part 1-2.
–
St. Petersburg. 2003.
3.
The Military Bloc Policy of Imperialism:
History and B63 Modernity/ Under Ed. P. A.
Zilin, R. Brulja.
–
Moscow: Military
Publisher,1980.
–
p. 454.
