Volume 02 Issue 11-2022
119
International Journal of Advance Scientific Research
(ISSN
–
2750-1396)
VOLUME
02
I
SSUE
11
Pages:
119-126
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.478
)
(2022:
5.636
)
METADATA
IF
–
7.356
A
BSTRACT
The article describes the results of research on determining the technical parameters of the pre-sewing
land leveling machine on case of the wide o working and working speed.
K
EYWORDS
Pre-sewing leveling, land leveling machine ide and speed determination, diagram of its interdependence.
I
NTRODUCTION
The speed of agricultural machines is determined
primarily based on the requirements of the
existing technological process. Some processes
require slow spreading of the aggregate mass into
the soil (or compaction). In this case, the unit with
a large weight should move at a low speed. In
other cases, especially when leveling the land
before planting, a minimum level of soil
compaction is required, because the soil density
increases as a result of the aggregate entering the
field many times in one cycle of agricultural crops.
In order to prevent such an adverse situation, it is
necessary to reduce the contact time between soil
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Research Article
NOMOGRAM FOR DETERMINING THE PERFORMANCE
PARAMETERS OF THE PRE-SEEDING LEVELER
Submission Date:
November 05, 2022,
Accepted Date:
November 15, 2022,
Published Date:
November 30, 2022
Crossref doi:
https://doi.org/10.37547/ijasr-02-11-18
Kamaljon Jamalovich Mukhamadsadikov
Candidate Of Technical Sciences, Associate Professor, Fergana Polytechnic Institute, Fergana, Republic Of
Uzbekistan
Bobojon Saparali Oʻgʻli Ortiqaliyev
Assistant, Fergana Polytechnic Institute, Fergana, Republic Of Uzbekistan
Volume 02 Issue 11-2022
120
International Journal of Advance Scientific Research
(ISSN
–
2750-1396)
VOLUME
02
I
SSUE
11
Pages:
119-126
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.478
)
(2022:
5.636
)
METADATA
IF
–
7.356
and aggregate. This is done by increasing the
working speed of the aggregates [1-4].
R
ESEARCH METHODS
The performance of agricultural aggregates can
be determined by their coverage width and speed
of movement or engine power and specific
resistance of the aggregate:
0,1
W
BV
=
(1)
27
e
e
N
тр
v
N
W
K
=
(2)
W= unit's hourly productivity ha\h;
В
= coverage width of aggregate, m;
Ne
= effective power of the engine, kW;
V
= working speed of the unit, m\s;
К
v
= specific resistance of aggregate, N\m;
𝜀
𝑁
𝑒
=
engine effective power utilization coefficient;
𝜂
тр
=
useful tractor efficiency.
The sweep width B is a function of a number of uncorrelated variables and the speed of movement.
(
)
тр
В F КvNe
V
=
(3)
The relative resistance Kv, which depends on the speed of movement of the rectifier, is a factor affecting
the coverage width and speed of movement of the unit [5-9]. The relative resistance of the rectifier
depending on the speed of movement can be expressed as follows;
(
)
–
Kv
Kн
a Vп
Vн
=
+
(4)
Here, Kn is the specific resistance of the rectifier at low speeds, N\m;
V
п
- acquired movement speed, m\s;
V
н
- low movement speed, m\s;
а
- coefficient that takes into account the change in resistivity due to the change in speed.
During the operation of the unit, not all of the effective power generated by the engine is used for useful
work [10-17]. The power balance of the soil leveler before planting can be written in the following form:
e
f
m
n
б
кр
N
N
N
N
N
N
=
+
+
+
+
(5)
Here Nf = power spent on overcoming friction in mechanisms and gears, kW:
N
m
= the power required to carry the leveler is kW;
N
n
= power used for climbing, kW;
Volume 02 Issue 11-2022
121
International Journal of Advance Scientific Research
(ISSN
–
2750-1396)
VOLUME
02
I
SSUE
11
Pages:
119-126
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.478
)
(2022:
5.636
)
METADATA
IF
–
7.356
N
б
= power used for bolting, kW;
N
кр
=
power consumed by the hook of the agricultural machine, kW.
(1
)
270
270
270
f
тр
m
vP
R
KBV
Ne
Ne
cos
sin
Ne
+
=
−
+
+
(6)
Here P_f- resistance to drag (perekativanie), n\m;
δ
–
reduction coefficient, %
R- total traction resistance, n\m;
The damping coefficient can be determined by the following expression:
1
1
с
d
V
=
+
(7)
where
μ1
is the coefficient of utilization of the mass of the frame, the ratio of the resistance on the hook
corresponding to the leading drive unit of the tractor
кр
сц
Р
С
s, d are constant coefficients for the area prepared for planting. S=0.2 and d=3 are acceptable.
It is known that the useful work coefficient of the agricultural machine consists of the useful work
coefficient of the tractor and aggregated agricultural machine [18-23].
с
тр
т
=
(8)
Here
𝜂
с
=
total useful work coefficient of the unit.
𝜂
тр
=
useful tractor efficiency
𝜂
т
=
useful duty ratio of the rectifier.
R
ESEARCH RESULTS
The useful efficiency of the tractor as a function of
the speed of movement is a complex function,
which depends on the losses in the power
transmission, the chain travel, the movement of
the tractor itself, and the losses in the crushing
[24-29]. Taking into account the common aspects
of useful work coefficients of many aggregates
and the complexity of the process of its
determination, we will be content with
determining the useful work coefficient of the
leveler. The total resistance of the land leveling
machine before planting can be divided into two
groups. The component of the total resistance Pf
(power spent on the movement of the rectifier) is
a useless resistance or "dead" resistance. The
components of the total resistance R and R' coch
(the reaction force from the deformation
resistance of the soil and the resistance force to
the movement of the soil pile) are considered
useful resistance. Based on the above, the useful
work coefficient of the rectifier can be written as
follows:
Volume 02 Issue 11-2022
122
International Journal of Advance Scientific Research
(ISSN
–
2750-1396)
VOLUME
02
I
SSUE
11
Pages:
119-126
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.478
)
(2022:
5.636
)
METADATA
IF
–
7.356
кўч
т
f
кўч
R
R
R
R
R
+
+ +
=
(9)
From this, the total useful work coefficient of the aggregate
)
(
кўч
а
тр
f
кўч
R
R
R
R
R
+ +
=
+
(10)
Substituting expressions 4, 6, 10 into 2 and solving expressions 1 and 2 together, we get the mathematical
expression of the width coverage of the leveler.
(
)
270
1
270
пр
e
T
f
f
пр
пр
e T
f
пр
H
п
H
cц
R
R
N
R V
R
R
R
В
R
R
d
N
С
R
R
R
V
V
K
a V
V
c
+
− −
−
+ +
=
+
+
+ +
+
+
−
(11)
Here
θ
is the bandwidth utilization factor.
When the leveler works, the two lateral passages should cover each other at a distance of 40-50 cm so that
there is no unleveled space between the two lateral passages of the leveler. From this
𝜃
=
[В−(0,4…0,5)]
В
if
𝜃 =
0,93….0,96
The obtained equation allows to determine the width of the screed by an analytical method, depending on
the speed of aggregate movement, physical mechanical properties of the soil, and specific resistance of the
screed [30-35].
The resulting equation can be solved much easier by graphoanalytical method. To do this, first, the value
of the movement speed is given by the procedure according to equation 11, and the coverage width is
determined.
Figure 1. The graph of the change of the leveler coverage width depending on the speed of movement. For
class 1-5 tractors. For tractors of class 2-4.
Volume 02 Issue 11-2022
123
International Journal of Advance Scientific Research
(ISSN
–
2750-1396)
VOLUME
02
I
SSUE
11
Pages:
119-126
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.478
)
(2022:
5.636
)
METADATA
IF
–
7.356
As can be seen from the graph, the coverage width
decreases as the speed of movement increases.
But as the power of the tractor increases, the
coverage width of the leveler increases
dramatically. A super wide straightener is clumsy
and inconvenient to use due to its large metal
capacity. In order to make full use of the power of
the tractor, it is advisable to reduce the width of
the leveler and use it at higher speeds. When the
working speed of the unit is increased, the work
productivity increases, as a result of which the
specific metal capacity per treated soil surface
decreases. This keeps the soil from compacting
[34-35]. The resulting graphical relationship
allows to determine the coverage width and
speed mode in each size of the leveler and to
calculate the theoretical performance.
The nomogram shown in the figure allows
determining the optimal movement speed of the
unit and the coverage width that provides
maximum productivity, depending on the power
of the tractor.
Figure 2. Nomogram for determining the coverage width, movement speed and performance of
the leveler.
For leveler aggregated with a class 5 tractor. For
leveler aggregated with a class 4 tractor.
C
ONCLUSION
The top left square of the nomogram shows the
variation of maximum productivity as a function
of tractor power, the top right square shows the
performance of the leveler as a function of the
aggregate movement speed, the bottom right
square shows the aggregate coverage width as a
function of the movement speed, and the bottom
right square shows the specific metal capacity as
a function of the coverage width and aggregate
mass
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