Volume 02 Issue 11-2022
83
International Journal of Advance Scientific Research
(ISSN
–
2750-1396)
VOLUME
02
I
SSUE
11
Pages:
83-89
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.478
)
(2022:
5.636
)
METADATA
IF
–
7.356
A
BSTRACT
The article analyzes the effect of rotation speed on the parameters of movement of materials in a drying
drum: the degree of material distribution over the transverse surface of the apparatus, the average time of
its stay in the apparatus and the degree of loading. As a model material in the experiments, we used a
mineral fertilizer produced in the superphosphate shop of the different kind of factory.
K
EYWORDS
Dryer drum, distribution degree, average residence time, load degree, fall length, mineral fertilizer.
I
NTRODUCTION
The rotary drum dryer manufactured also called
dryer. It is widely used in building material,
metallurgy, chemical engineering, and cement
industries for the drying of slag lime stone,
powdered coal, slag and clay. The drying machine
has the features of reasonable structure, fine
processing, high output, low energy consumption,
and convenient running. This rotary drum dryer
consists of rotary div, throwing filtch,
transmission device, supporting device and
sealing ring. As we know such kind of field attract
majority of factory. Due to the fact that, the new
Journal
Website:
http://sciencebring.co
m/index.php/ijasr
Copyright:
Original
content from this work
may be used under the
terms of the creative
commons
attributes
4.0 licence.
Research Article
THE MOST IMPORTANT SOLUTION FOR IMPROVING ISSUES
DRUM DRYERS
Submission Date:
November 05, 2022,
Accepted Date:
November 15, 2022,
Published Date:
November 30, 2022
Crossref doi:
https://doi.org/10.37547/ijasr-02-11-12
Koraboev Eldorbek Vohidjon Ogli
Ferghana Polytechnic Institute, Ferghana, Uzbekistan
Volume 02 Issue 11-2022
84
International Journal of Advance Scientific Research
(ISSN
–
2750-1396)
VOLUME
02
I
SSUE
11
Pages:
83-89
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.478
)
(2022:
5.636
)
METADATA
IF
–
7.356
inner structure strengthens the cleaning and heat
conduction of the dispersed material, and
eliminates the bonding in the inner drum wall.
The adaptability to the material moisture and
stickiness is stronger. As well as it adopts direct
flow drying method. The gas fume and the
material go to the dryer from the same side [1-3].
By using the hyperthermia gas fume, the
evaporation strength is very high. With the low
outlet temperature, the heat efficiency is very
high. The operating parameter can be changed
according to different materials. So that the
material can form a stable fabric curtain and
achieve fully heat exchange. In addition, the dryer
is of strong overload capacity resistance, large
process load, low fuel consumption, and low cost
[4-9]. The zero level thrust of the dryer reduces
the abrasion to the catch wheel and the riding
wheel. The operation of the rotary drum is stable
and reliable. The dryer adopts the riding wheel
device, which make the riding wheel and the
rolling ring linear touch all the time. Thus the
abrasive and the power loss are greatly reduced.
The new type feeding and discharging device
solve the problem of feeding jam, discontinuous
and uneven feeding, and returning charge which
lighten the load of deducting system [8-11].
Analytical research method.
According to the scientific research drum devices
are used for heat treatment and drying of
dispersed materials. The theory and experimental
data on the processing of dispersed material in
the Internet and in the literature are different,
and there is no generally accepted analysis by
researchers. The model of material thermal
treatment and drying in the investigated drum
dryers is different from the processes mentioned
in the literature. In this case, the dispersed
material is located inside the cylindrical drum of
the apparatus and in the gap between the rotating
rotor. Visual observations showed that when the
filling coefficient of the interstitial space is less
than one, the granular material is in a drum state.
The movement of the particles is as follows: the
particles collide with the rotating blades and
move towards the inner wall of the drum at
different angles. Mixing of material particles
occurs as a result of the interaction between
individual particles and groups of particles, the
wall and blade of the apparatus.
On the basis of theoretical and experimental
research, mathematical equations of the
processes formed in the dryer and the thermal
treatment and drying process were proposed. At
present, various devices are used for drying
products in production enterprises. The
advantage of widely used drying drums over
other devices is their structural simplicity, ease of
management and relatively low cost. The drying
drum consists of a cylindrical div inclined to the
horizon, and the processed product is loaded
from one end and discharged from the other end.
The amount of heat needed to dry the material is
given by means of opposite or parallel directed
heat agent. In order to improve the contact of the
material with the heating air, special nozzles
(nozzles) are installed inside the cylindrical
drum. It can be achieved by using the energy of
hot gases more fully to accelerate the processes of
heat and mass exchange between the gas and
Volume 02 Issue 11-2022
85
International Journal of Advance Scientific Research
(ISSN
–
2750-1396)
VOLUME
02
I
SSUE
11
Pages:
83-89
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.478
)
(2022:
5.636
)
METADATA
IF
–
7.356
solid phase in the drying drum. The solution to
this problem is to increase the contact surface and
time between the gas and solid phase. Among the
various options considered, the following are the
most important to ensure uniform distribution of
the rain of material sprayed by nozzles along the
cross section of the drum. Increasing the
coefficient of filling the drum with material; -
increasing the time of material particles being in
the drying area. Knowing the amount of material
in the nozzle and the amount of material raining
from the nozzles is very important in determining
the optimal loading coefficient of the device. If the
amount of material in the drum is less than the
optimal indicator, it leads to a decrease in its work
efficiency. On the contrary, an excess amount of
material leads to the formation of a layer that
does not participate in the drying process in the
apparatus and to overloading of the apparatus.
This leads to a decrease in the intensity of the
drying process and excessive energy costs. The
form and value of the material rain from the
nozzle is one of the factors that determine the
efficiency of the drum.
Figure 1. The structure of Nozzles in the drum
First, the uneven distribution of the material from
the nozzles in the dryer creates open zones in the
rain of the product that is scattered along the
cross section of the drum. The formation of this
zone reduces the presence of an open path
without resistance to the air flow and, as a result,
the full, effective use of the heat agent, which
reduces the amount of heat received by the
material to be dried and the intensity of the
drying process.
Secondly, due to the presence of an open zone in
the dryer, the speed of the heat agent flow
increases, which in turn increases the removal of
small particles of the material with the flow of the
heat agent, leads to an increase in the
temperature of the gases coming out of the drum
and inefficient consumption of the heating agent
during the drying process.
Therefore, the form and value of the material rain
from the nozzle is one of the factors that
determine the efficiency of the drum. Researches
Volume 02 Issue 11-2022
86
International Journal of Advance Scientific Research
(ISSN
–
2750-1396)
VOLUME
02
I
SSUE
11
Pages:
83-89
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.478
)
(2022:
5.636
)
METADATA
IF
–
7.356
have been conducted by researchers for nozzles
of various constructions and their quantities. For
example, N. J. Fernandez and his colleagues
proposed the following equations to determine
the coefficient of surface filling for a three-
component nozzle.
2
A
B
B
C
C
B
C
W
W
C
R
1
β-sin(β)
x y
x y
x y
x y
x y
2
2
S
=
+
+
−
+
−
(1)
Depending on the location of the nozzle in the
cross-section of the drum, the time the particle
stays in the air varies. Taking into account that the
drying process mainly takes place while the
particle is in hot air.
The length of the particle from the end of the
nozzle to the bottom of the drum can be
determined by the following equation:
2
2
0
0
Y
R
X
Y
cos(α)
q
+
−
=
(2)
The number of nozzles is also important in order
to completely cover the drum's transverse
surface. In cases where the number of nozzles is
small, open zones are formed in the cross-section
of the drum, which reduces the efficiency of the
drying process. The excess number of nozzles
leads to their destruction, that is, in the process of
filling the nozzles with material and the rain of
material flowing from the nozzles intersecting
with each other. When rain of material intersects
with each other, the rain zone becomes denser
and its contact with air decreases, as a result of
which the heat exchange process slows down.
According to our hypothesis, there should be
minimal disturbance between the streams of rain
of material. The complexity of the solution to this
problem depends on the design of the nozzle, the
different physico-chemical properties of the
material being dried, and must be solved for the
specific material.
The results of these studies are analyzed. In this
case, from the point of view of the uniformity of
the distribution of material rain, U-shaped
nozzles show a clear advantage, because in this
case, the coverage of the drum surface of the
material distribution was more valuable than
other types of nozzles. Therefore, we made
different types of U-shaped nozzles and made
different experiments. I have shown these results
above. I can tell you about the plants that we
made and experimented.
Volume 02 Issue 11-2022
87
International Journal of Advance Scientific Research
(ISSN
–
2750-1396)
VOLUME
02
I
SSUE
11
Pages:
83-89
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.478
)
(2022:
5.636
)
METADATA
IF
–
7.356
Figure-2. The layout of the nozzle on the drum.
Table1
Shape
№
L
1
L
2
L
3
α
S
α
V
α
A
1
10
5
-
90
90
-
2
10
7
-
90
135
-
3
10
10
-
90
90
-
4
10
7
5
90
90
135
5
10
7
7
90
90
135
6
10
7
5
90
100
120
7
10
7
7
90
130
130
According to the table, power supply rarely
provides equal distribution. Therefore, to
determine the construction of the nozzle, which
ensured the uniform distribution of the material
in the apparatus of our research. The numerical
values of the transformation of the prepared
experimental nozzles to the drum and the
inspection of the test nozzle are given in Table 1.
Since the purpose of our experiment was to
determine the optimal nozzle shape for a certain
material, superphosphate mineral fertilizer was
chosen as a model material. In the study, the effect
of the shape of the nozzle on the speed of material
scattering and the distribution of materials in the
cross section of the dryer were studied. We
assumed that the distribution of materials in the
cross-section of the drum is not affected by the
angle of inclination of the drum and the speed of
the heating agent. To study the distribution of
material on the cross-sectional surface, the work
of one nozzle was studied. The nozzles work
independently of each other, and if the
distribution function of the material from one
nozzle of a certain shape is assumed to be the
Volume 02 Issue 11-2022
88
International Journal of Advance Scientific Research
(ISSN
–
2750-1396)
VOLUME
02
I
SSUE
11
Pages:
83-89
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.478
)
(2022:
5.636
)
METADATA
IF
–
7.356
same for nozzles of the same shape, it is clear that
the nozzle system will remain the same in
operation. First, the mass of the material in the
nozzle (in kilograms) was measured. Then the
drum is rotated slowly. In order to experimentally
study the distribution function, 11 boxes were
installed on the base. The nozzle is initially loaded
to the maximum with the material. Then the
device was set in motion at a certain speed. In this
case, the material is completely discharged from
the nozzle during rotation, the mass of the
discharged material in each section of the sample
box is weighed, and we find the distribution
function of the material depending on the
rotation, knowing the step of these sections. Such
experiments were conducted for different nozzle
shapes and the packing efficiency was evaluated
by distribution function values. Examples of
fertilizer spreading experiments from nozzles are
shown in the following pictures.
Figure-3. processes of mineral fertilizer spillage from the nozzle
In order to determine the optimal design of the
drum nozzle, research was conducted with 7
different types of nozzles. When the drum
segment is rotated with a nozzle filled with
material, the material starts to be dispensed from
the nozzle and spread into 11 boxes on the base
mounted inside the drum. In this case, the shape
of the nozzles should evenly distribute the drying
material along the cross section of the drum.
C
ONCLUSION
From figure it can be seen that an increase in the
productivity of the drum leads to an increase in
the coefficient of distribution of material over the
cross section of the drum by an average of 8-10%.
In addition, an increase in the number of rotations
of the drum leads to an increase in the material
curtain coefficient over the cross section of the
drum by an average of 7-8%.
From figure it can be seen that an increase in the
productivity of the drum leads to a decrease in the
residence time of the material in the drum by an
average of 14-17%. In addition, an increase in the
number of rotations of the drum leads to a
decrease in the residence time of the material in
the drum by an average of 27-38%. Our
Volume 02 Issue 11-2022
89
International Journal of Advance Scientific Research
(ISSN
–
2750-1396)
VOLUME
02
I
SSUE
11
Pages:
83-89
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.478
)
(2022:
5.636
)
METADATA
IF
–
7.356
experimental data are in good agreement with the
equation E.B. Aruda by the average residence
time of the material in the drum.
R
EFERENCES
1.
Abdullaev, M. M. (2022). Features of
calculating the consumption of raw
materials in the production of terry fabrics
on rapier LOOMS. International Journal of
Advance Scientific Research, 2(07), 1-9.
2.
Тожиев, Р. Ж., Миршарипов, Р. Х.,
Ахунбаев, А. А., & Абдусаломова, Н. А. К.
(20
20). Оптимизация конструкции
сушильного барабана на основе
системного
анализа
процесса.
Universum: технические науки, (11
-1
(80)), 59-65.
3.
Тожиев, Р. Д., Ахунбаев, А. А., &
Миршарипов,
Р.
X.
(2021).
Исследование
гидродинамических
процессов при сушке минеральных
удобрений в барабанных сушилках.
Научнотехнический журнал, 4(4).
4.
Ахунбаев,
А.
А.
(2021).
Гидродинамическая модель движения
в барабанном аппарате с учетом
влияния продольного перемешивания.
Universum: технические науки, (9
-1),
34-38.
5.
Гаппаров,
К. (2021). Промышленное
опробование технологии очистки и
переплавки
вторичных
баббитов.
Universum: технические науки, (10
-1
(91)), 63-67.
6.
Гаппаров, К. Г., Эркабоев, Х. Ж.,
Мансуров, Ю. Н., & Аксёнов, А. А. (2021).
Структурный
анализ
вторичных
баббитов.
Металлург, 5, 60
-64.
7.
Inomjon, H., Kodirjon, G., Elmurod, U., &
Zokirjon, A. (2021). Application of the
method of finite differences to the
calculation of shallow shells. Universum:
texnicheskiye nauki, (3-4 (84)), 71-76.
8.
Gaparo, K. G. (2021). Research of physical
and mechanical properties of babbits filled
in sliding bearings. Scientific-technical
journal, 4(4), 63-67.
9.
Gapparov, K. G., & Mavlonova, O. (2022).
Strukturniy
analiz
vtorichnix
babbitov.Oriental renaissance: Innovative,
educational, natural and social sciences,
2(3), 1223-1232.
10.
A.A. Muidinov, E.V. Koraboev, Sh.U. Juraev,
A.A. Akhunbayev (2022). Hydrodynamics
of dispersed material movementin the
drying Semdesyat pyataya vserossiyskaya
nauchno-texnicheskaya
konferensiya
studentov, magistrantov i aspirantov
mejdunarodnim uchastiyem. 1(3), 241-
253
11.
A.A.
Muidinov,
E.V.
Koraboev,
Sh.U.Jurayev, A.A. Akhunbayev(2022)
gidrodinamika
dvijeniya
dispersnogomateriala
v
sushilnom
barabane
Semdesyat
pyataya
vserossiyskaya
nauchno-texnicheskaya
konferensiya studentov, magistrantov i
aspirantov mejdunarodnim uchastiyem.
1(4), 248-252.
