Volume 02 Issue 11-2022
60
International Journal of Advance Scientific Research
(ISSN
–
2750-1396)
VOLUME
02
I
SSUE
11
Pages:
60-66
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.478
)
(2022:
5.636
)
METADATA
IF
–
7.356
A
BSTRACT
This article talks about ways to solidify shifting sands for construction on lands with shifting sands. Also,
the results of experiments on this topic are clearly expressed in tables. Currently, this problem is observed
around the world and in how many regions of Uzbekistan.
K
EYWORDS
Polymer reagents, the efficiency of reagents, fixative reagents, water-soluble polymers, dispersed particles.
I
NTRODUCTION
According to the information released by the UN
in recent years, desert and semi-desert areas
make up about 40% of the Earth's surface and are
spread over more than 100 countries of the
planet. This problem is so urgent that in the near
future, approximately by 2025, as a result of
water scarcity, climate change, and the intensive
increase in the problem of desertification, it is
estimated that every second citizen of the planet
will have to live in an uninhabitable desert area.
Journal
Website:
http://sciencebring.co
m/index.php/ijasr
Copyright:
Original
content from this work
may be used under the
terms of the creative
commons
attributes
4.0 licence.
Research Article
CURRENT STATUS OF THE SHIFTING SAND SOLIDIFICATION
PROBLEM
Submission Date:
November 05, 2022,
Accepted Date:
November 15, 2022,
Published Date:
November 28, 2022
Crossref doi:
https://doi.org/10.37547/ijasr-02-11-09
Ergashev Mahmudjon Mamadjanovich
Fergana Polytechnic Institute, Fergana, Uzbekistan
Volume 02 Issue 11-2022
61
International Journal of Advance Scientific Research
(ISSN
–
2750-1396)
VOLUME
02
I
SSUE
11
Pages:
60-66
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.478
)
(2022:
5.636
)
METADATA
IF
–
7.356
This threat, that is, the problem of desertification,
has a negative impact on the land that is suitable
for agriculture today, and this trend is 15 million
hectares per year. [1.]
In particular, in the Republic of Uzbekistan, the
areas where shifting sands are spread have
shown their negative effects on an area of more
than one million hectares, and its danger is
unprecedented
economic,
technological,
ecological and social damage in irrigated areas
intended for the cultivation of agricultural
products, around irrigation and reclamation
facilities, road and railway infrastructure. is
delivering This problem is characterized by the
fact that it has intensified in recent years in all
regions of the Aral Sea region, in the regions
occupied by the Amudarya banks of the Kyzylkum
desert, which occupies more than 30% of the
territory of our republic. [2.]
T
HE MAIN PART
Despite the use of sand-curing polymer reagents
for many years, they have not been widely used
[3]. The main reason for this is that the resulting
coating is not sufficiently durable, the cost of
reagents, the low efficiency of the synthesized
hardeners, and the lack of equal compatibility in
all types of sand zones, in some cases are limited
by the complexity of the extraction process [4].
In this aspect, the relevance of the topic is
determined by studies aimed at studying the
influence of polymer substances on various
practical properties of volatile sand, determining
the effectiveness of water-soluble and insoluble
polymer reagents, developing a new, universal,
cheap and effective polymer-fixer for sand based
on industrial man-made waste and secondary
sources.
Research on the solidification of volatile sand
with "CXM"-series polymer fixative reagents was
formed on the basis of research, systematic
experiments, and field tests.
In this regard, we conducted research on the
development of the technology for the production
of water-soluble polymer-fixers based on the
waste
of
hydrolyzed
polyacrylonitrile,
phosphorylated with phosphorus compounds
obtained from the waste of "Maxam-Ammofos"
OJSC, and studying their practical properties.
During the research, it was found that the
interaction of the water-soluble polymer "CXM-1"
with dispersed particles depends on many
factors: the concentration of water-soluble
polymers and mineral suspension, the presence
of electrolytes, temperature, salinity, etc. Thus, a
comparative analysis of water-soluble polymers
produced by us with water-soluble polymers
polyacrylamide
showed
that
when
polyacrylamide preparations interact with sand
particles, a less strong brittle structure is formed
on the surface of the sand, because of this, large
macromolecules
of
polyacrylamide
are
suspended from the sand. and other dispersed
particles are more difficult to diffuse into the
inner layer, that is, to absorb. As a result of its
mobility, high activity and low molecular weight,
the aqueous solution of the polymer synthesized
by us led to the easy penetration into the inner
Volume 02 Issue 11-2022
62
International Journal of Advance Scientific Research
(ISSN
–
2750-1396)
VOLUME
02
I
SSUE
11
Pages:
60-66
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.478
)
(2022:
5.636
)
METADATA
IF
–
7.356
layers of sand particles, as well as to the
formation of a strong chemical bond with the Si-
element of silicon in quartz sand, this
phenomenon was hardened by the polymer-fixer.
we determined during the study of the IR-
spectrum of the sand sample (Fig. 1). As a result,
the physical and mechanical strength of the
protective layer formed on the surface of the sand
increased, as well as the resistance to wind and
water erosion. We discovered this phenomenon
during the study of the IR spectrum of a sample of
sand hardened with a polymer fixer (Fig. 1). As a
result, the physical and mechanical strength of
the protective layer formed on the surface of the
sand increased, as well as the resistance to wind
and water erosion. We discovered this
phenomenon during the study of the IR spectrum
of a sample of sand hardened with a polymer fixer
(Fig. 1). As a result, the physical and mechanical
strength of the protective layer formed on the
surface of the sand increased, as well as the
resistance to wind and water erosion.
Figure 1. IR spectrum of sand sample hardened with "CXM-1" polymer-fixer
Table 1. Wind resistance indicators of the sand protection coating were obtained on the basis of
"CXM-1". (wind speed u=20 m/sec).
Hardening
polymer
consumption
q, l/m2
In dry sand
In wet sand
Coating
thickness h,
mm
Plastic
strength R,
kPa
Sample mass
loss Dsh, %
Coating
thickness
h, mm
R, kPa of
plastic
pipe
Sample
mass loss
Dt, %
5
10
272
0.2
16
313
name
2
4
8
236
0.4
14
255
0.2
3
6
161
0.7
12
192
0.3
2
5
51
3
11
58
0.5
1.5
3
18
15
8
21
13
Volume 02 Issue 11-2022
63
International Journal of Advance Scientific Research
(ISSN
–
2750-1396)
VOLUME
02
I
SSUE
11
Pages:
60-66
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.478
)
(2022:
5.636
)
METADATA
IF
–
7.356
1
3
7
22
5
9
15
0.5
0-2
2.6
32
3
4
30
Experimental tests have shown that the wind
resistance of wet sand samples increases sharply
with increasing concentration of "CXM" polymer
solutions compared to dry sand samples, and it
can be achieved with a small amount of polymer
consumption. The main reason for this is that in
dry sand samples, the water solution of the
polymer penetrates deeper, and the protective
coating is almost 2-3 times thicker compared to
the wet sand sample (Table 1).
Taking into account the fact that the relief of the
area intended for implementation is a desert area
in a flat zone, and taking into account that the
curvature (slope) of the relief is 5-10°, for such
conditions, the plastic and mechanical strength of
the protective coating is required to be no less
than 6-10 KPa.
Due to the fact that a method combining biological
and physicochemical methods was chosen for
hardening sands, special attention was paid to
increasing the effectiveness of phytomelioration
in creating a protective polymer sand layer with
physical and mechanical properties necessary for
long-term moisture retention. For this, it is
necessary to create a reserve of moisture under
the protective shell. Undoubtedly, this can be
provided by natural and artificial methods, that is,
by sprinkling on the sand after rain or after pre-
spraying (Table 2).
Table 2. Wind resistance indicators of sand protection coating were obtained on the basis of
GIPAN and PAA. (wind speed u=20 m/sec).
Hardening
polymer
consumption
q, l/m2
In dry sand
In wet sand
Coating
thickness
h, mm
Plastic
strength R,
kPa
Sample
mass loss
Dsh, %
Coating
thickness h,
mm
Plastic
strength R,
kPa
Mass loss
Dt, %
GIPAN-5
6
139
0.8
12
141
0.7
GIPAN-4
4
36
2
10
38
3
GIPAN-3
3
18
2.7
8
19
3.3
GIPAN-2
2
12
4.9
6
13
4.5
GIPAN-1.5
2
9
8.5
4
10
8.5
GIPAN-1
1.5
4
12.4
2
4.3
10.5
GIPAN-
0-1
3
14
1
3.2
14
0.5
Volume 02 Issue 11-2022
64
International Journal of Advance Scientific Research
(ISSN
–
2750-1396)
VOLUME
02
I
SSUE
11
Pages:
60-66
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.478
)
(2022:
5.636
)
METADATA
IF
–
7.356
PAA-5
8
129
0.6
14
134
0.59
PAA-4
6
112
1
12.9
115
1.6
PAA-3
5
80
2
11
82
3.2
PAA-2
4
28
3.6
9.8
29.2
5.5
PAA-1.5
3
14
5.9
6.5
15
7.8
PAA-1.0
2.5
7
11.2
3.5
8
9.2
PAA-0.5
2
2
12.4
2.5
3
12.6
As a result of practical and field experimental
research, it was found that there is a significant
difference between the hardening compositions
prepared on the basis of "CXM" hardening
polymer solutions. That is, the effectiveness of the
hardening composition prepared on the basis of
the "CXM-2" polymer was shown to be higher
than that of the "CXM-1" polymer. The main
reason for this is that "CXM-2" polymer is
obtained on the basis of the phosphorization of
lignosulfonate, a natural polymer. "CXM-1"
polymer is a synthetic polymer obtained on the
basis of phosphorization of hydrolyzed
polyacrylonitrile, which means that the
properties of the polymer obtained on the basis of
natural polymer lignin to retain moisture,
increase the mechanical and plastic-elasticity
properties of the sample have found their
experimental confirmation in this case.
C
ONCLUSION
In conclusion, it should be said that the shifting
sands, which are becoming a problem of the
whole world in some sense, have an impact not
only on the environment but also on the
construction industry, therefore, every scientist
should do large-scale work to solve this problem.
In the article, I hope that this information will be
useful in the future, and I hope that the article will
provide promising suggestions about the
stabilization of shifting sands and the creation of
favourable conditions for construction.
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Pages:
60-66
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