Volume 02 Issue 11-2022
11
International Journal of Advance Scientific Research
(ISSN
–
2750-1396)
VOLUME
02
I
SSUE
11
Pages:
11-19
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.478
)
(2022:
5.636
)
METADATA
IF
–
7.356
A
BSTRACT
In the article, the method of calculation of the process of purification of waste gases generated in the
production of superphosphate in a wet method in a rotor-filter experimental apparatus is given. Also, the
results of the experiment on the absorption of hydrogen-fluoride gas contained in waste gas into the
solution of technical soda in water are given, and the equation for calculating the mass transfer coefficient
is recommended. Theoretical and experimental studies mainly selected the optimal values of variable
factors.
K
EYWORDS
Production of superphosphate, environmental pollution, consumption of absorbent, production of mineral
fertilizers.
I
NTRODUCTION
Today, ecology and environmental protection are
the most important tasks in every part of the
Earth. It is known that the impact of gaseous,
liquid and solid waste on ecology and
environmental damage is significant. Among
these wastes, the impact of toxic waste gases
Journal
Website:
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Copyright:
Original
content from this work
may be used under the
terms of the creative
commons
attributes
4.0 licence.
Research Article
STUDY OF THE MASS TRANSFER PROCESS IN THE WET
TREATMENT OF WASTE GASES GENERATED IN THE
PRODUCTION OF SUPERPHOSPHATE
Submission Date:
October 25, 2022,
Accepted Date:
October 30, 2022,
Published Date:
November 08, 2022
Crossref doi:
https://doi.org/10.37547/ijasr-02-11-03
Akhrorov Akmaljon Akramjon Ugli
Doctoral Student, Fergana Polytechnic Institute, Fergana, Republic of Uzbekistan
Volume 02 Issue 11-2022
12
International Journal of Advance Scientific Research
(ISSN
–
2750-1396)
VOLUME
02
I
SSUE
11
Pages:
11-19
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.478
)
(2022:
5.636
)
METADATA
IF
–
7.356
generated in the production of mineral fertilizers
is enormous [1-4]. This research work is also
aimed at cleaning the gases produced and
released into the atmosphere in the production of
superphosphate and reducing the environmental
pollution. An effective method of exhaust gas
cleaning was chosen and the optimal construction
of the apparatus was developed [5-9]. The
developed
semi-industrial
experimental
apparatus with a rotor-filter was used in the
treatment of exhaust gases produced in the AS-
72M workshop of Ferg'onaazot JSC.
M
ETHODS
Research on the treatment of waste gases
generated in the production of superphosphate
was carried out in two stages.
In the first stage, the composition and
physicochemical properties of the waste gas
mixture formed during the production of
superphosphate mineral fertilizer were studied.
Accordingly,
it
was
determined
that
15000÷4500mg of hydrogen fluoride and
1900÷2800mg of dust are formed in 1m3 of gas
mixture during superphosphate production. The
physical and chemical properties of hydrogen
fluoride were studied [10-14].
The study is the second order to determine the
optimal value of the device at the first stage, the
adsorbent consumption, the gas flow rate to be
cleaned and the diameter of the filter hole were
selected as variable factors. A 30% solution of
soda ash in water was used as an adsorbent [15-
21].
The following equations were used to clean the
waste gases generated during the production of
mineral fertilizers in the rotor-filter experimental
apparatus [22-30]. The amount of the hydrogen-
fluoride component in the initial gas mixture is
determined as follows, m3/h:
.
b
b ar
bHF
V
V
x
=
(1)
where Vb.ar is the amount of gas mixture supplied to the device, m
3
/h; xbHF- volume fraction of hydrogen-
fluoride in the gas mixture, %.
The amount of hydrogen-fluoride in the gas leaving the device, m3/hour:
.
ch
b ar
ox HF
V
V
x
=
(2)
where oxHF is the volume fraction of hydrogen fluoride in the purified gas flow (outlet), %.
The amount of hydrogen fluoride absorbed into the absorbent, m
3
/h:
Volume 02 Issue 11-2022
13
International Journal of Advance Scientific Research
(ISSN
–
2750-1396)
VOLUME
02
I
SSUE
11
Pages:
11-19
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.478
)
(2022:
5.636
)
METADATA
IF
–
7.356
yut
b
ch
V
V
V
=
−
(3)
and
0
0
yut
yut
V
T
G
T
=
(4)
where
V
yut
is the amount of gas absorbed by the absorbent, m
3
/h; T
0
- absolute temperature,
T
is working
temperature.
The average driving force of the absorption process in the apparatus is determined as follows.
The partial pressure of the hydrogen-fluoride component at the entrance to the rotor filter is determined
from the following equation, kPa:
.
.
.
b HF
ap
b HF
P
P
x
=
(5)
The molar fraction of hydrogen fluoride in technical soda leaving the apparatus:
.
.
yut
FH
m HF
yut
abs
FH
havo
G
M
x
G
Q
M
M
=
+
(6)
The exhaust gases from three-stage stirred reactors have a mixer temperature of 65
℃
, and at this
temperature, the Henry coefficient for hydrogen fluoride is 1.0 kPa. According to it, the partial pressure of
hydrogen fluoride in the equilibrium state with the gas mixture is determined as follows, kPa:
.
.
b HF
m HF
P
K x
=
(7)
The force driving the absorption process in the lower part of the apparatus, kPa:
.
.
b HF
b HF
P
P
P
=
−
(8)
The partial pressure of the hydrogen-fluoride purified gas stream at the outlet of the mixer is determined,
kPa:
chiq
ap
ox HF
P
P
x
=
(9)
The average driving force of the mass transfer process in the experimental device is determined as follows,
kPa:
Volume 02 Issue 11-2022
14
International Journal of Advance Scientific Research
(ISSN
–
2750-1396)
VOLUME
02
I
SSUE
11
Pages:
11-19
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.478
)
(2022:
5.636
)
METADATA
IF
–
7.356
.
'
.
2, 3lg
b HF
chiq
o rt
b HF
chiq
P
P
P
P
P
−
=
(10)
It was recommended to use the following equation to determine the mass transfer coefficient of absorption
of hydrogen-fluoride into a solution of technical soda in water in a rotor-filter experimental apparatus,
kg/(m
2
·s·kPa):
(
)
2
'
6, 28
0, 785
yut
F
B
F
tesh
o rt
G
К
R
L
d
n
P
=
−
(11)
where
R
F
is the radius of the drum, mm;
LB
–
drum length, mm;
d
F
is the diameter of the filter material hole
covered with the drum, mm;
n
tesh
–
number of holes.
Results
The following results were obtained in the absorption of hydrogen fluoride produced in the production of
superphosphate into a solution of technical soda in water [3].
1-experimental values; 2-theoretical values;
Figure 1. a
–
dependence of fluid consumption on the mass transfer coefficient; b-dependence of the gas
flow rate on the mass transfer coefficient.
Figure 1a shows the variation range of the mass transfer coefficient K when the consumption of absorbent
liquid is Q
L
=0.072÷0.178 m
3
/h and the speed of the gas flow to be cleaned is 5 m/s. According to it, the
small value of liquid consumption Q
L
=0.072m
3
/h and the diameter of filter holes covered on the surface of
the d
F
=2=2mm; d
F
=3mm; When d
F
=4mm the value of mass transfer coefficient is K=0.340 kg/(N/m
2
)·m
2
·s,
Volume 02 Issue 11-2022
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International Journal of Advance Scientific Research
(ISSN
–
2750-1396)
VOLUME
02
I
SSUE
11
Pages:
11-19
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.478
)
(2022:
5.636
)
METADATA
IF
–
7.356
the value of mass transfer coefficient is K=0.861kg/(N/m
2
)·m
2
·s when the maximum value of absorbent
consumption is Q
L
=0.178m
3
/h it became known that it increased to
In Fig. 1b, the rang
e of the gas flow rate to be cleaned is θG=5÷30m/s and the absorbent liquid flow is
Q
L
=0.178 m
3
/h, and the diameter of the filter holes covered on the surface of the drumdF=2mm; dF=3mm;
When d
F
=4mm range of mass transfer coefficient variation is given. According to it, mass transfer
coefficient reached the smallest value K=0.475 kg/(N/m
2
)·m
2
·s at binary value of gas velocity θG=5m/s. It
was also observed that the value of the mass transfer coefficient increased by K=5,550 kg/(N/m
2
)·m
2
·s
when the g
as velocity increased to θG=30m/s.
Also, as a result of processing the data given in Figures 1 a and 1 b, the following empirical functions were
obtained and the error between experimental and theoretical values was determined [1-12].
The
following empirical functions are available for the speed of the purified gas flow θG=5m/s and the
range of absorption fluid consumption Q
L
=0.072÷0.178 m
3
/hour.
2
Ф
d
мм
=
when
2
4,7104
3,5504
0,0694 ²
0,9923
y
x
x
R
=
+
+
=
(12)
When d
F
=3mm
2
9,391
1,3992
0,07450 ²
0,9914
y
x
x
R
=
+
+
=
(13)
When d
F
=4mm
2
3,8917
1,9431
0,0035 ²
0,9830
y
x
x
R
=
+
−
=
(14)
The range of the rate of change of the flow of purified gas
5 30 /
Г
м с
=
and absorption fluid consumption
QL=0.178 m
3
/hour, the following empirical functions are obtained.
When
d
F
=2mm
2
0,0014
0,1344
0,125 ²
0,9922
y
x
x
R
=
+
+
=
(15)
When
d
F
=3mm
2
0,0013
0,0836
0, 2605 ²
0,9929
y
x
x
R
=
+
+
=
(16)
When
d
F
=4mm
2
0,0012
0,0606
0,1525 ²
0,9955
y
x
x
R
=
+
+
=
(17)
Volume 02 Issue 11-2022
16
International Journal of Advance Scientific Research
(ISSN
–
2750-1396)
VOLUME
02
I
SSUE
11
Pages:
11-19
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.478
)
(2022:
5.636
)
METADATA
IF
–
7.356
From these empirical functions, it can be seen that the difference between experimental and theoretical
values was 2%. As a result of processing the values obtained on the basis of theory and experiments, the
following conclusions were reached [13-29].
C
ONCLUSION
Purification
of
fluorine-containing
gases
produced
during
the
production
of
superphosphate mineral fertilizers in a rotor-
filter experimental apparatus with a 30% solution
of technical soda in water resulted in the
following results. An equation for calculating the
mass transfer coefficient representing the
absorption process in the rotor-filter apparatus
that cleans gases in a wet method was
recommended. The value of the gas flow rate to be
cleaned is the largest and the largest value of the
mass transfer coefficient was observed at the
smallest value of the filter material hole diameter
and the highest absorbent consumption, while the
decrease of the gas velocity and the largest value
of the filter material hole diameter was observed.
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