Volume 02 Issue 12-2022
125
International Journal of Advance Scientific Research
(ISSN
–
2750-1396)
VOLUME
02
I
SSUE
12
Pages:
125-132
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.478
)
(2022:
5.636
)
METADATA
IF
–
7.356
A
BSTRACT
This article describes the types of seams used in the process of manufacturing thermoplastic materials,
which can be produced on the basis of new directions in the direction of sewing in the field of the light
industry, which is developing year by year in our country.
K
EYWORDS
Light industry, special clothing, welding technology, thermal contact, ultrasonic, frequency, film materials,
waterproof, polyvinyl chloride coated materials, pressure, temperature, Teflon, synthetic fibre.
I
NTRODUCTION
Polyvinyl chloride-coated materials are widely
used for sewing clothes in sewing enterprises.
The basis of these materials is yarn gauze,
artificial and synthetic fibre material or knitted
canvas, covered with polyvinyl chloride [1-7]. In
addition, materials in the form of films are also
used. When connecting these materials with
thread, the seams do not come out very well and
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Research Article
THE METHODS OF WELDING DETAILS OF SEWING ITEMS
FROM THERMOPLASTIC MATERIALS
Submission Date:
December 10, 2022,
Accepted Date:
December 15, 2022,
Published Date:
December 20, 2022
Crossref doi:
https://doi.org/10.37547/ijasr-02-12-18
Turdiyev Maxmudjon
Senior Lecturer, Department Of "Light Industry Technology", Fergana Polytechnic Institute, Fergana,
Uzbekistan
Manzura Abdurakhimova
Assistant, Department Of "Light Industry Technology", Fergana Polytechnic Institute, Fergana, Uzbekistan
Volume 02 Issue 12-2022
126
International Journal of Advance Scientific Research
(ISSN
–
2750-1396)
VOLUME
02
I
SSUE
12
Pages:
125-132
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.478
)
(2022:
5.636
)
METADATA
IF
–
7.356
become water-permeable. They cannot be glued
together, because it is impossible to press them in
a hot press. In addition, there is no need for glue,
because thermoplastic films and polyvinyl
chloride-coated materials themselves have
thermoplastic properties. Therefore, the welding
method is used to make clothes from these
materials [8-11]. By welding, it is possible to
create solid seams and decorate some details.
The main part
The development of the product manufacturing
industry, the improvement of the assortment type
and the expansion of the type of manufactured
products will depend on the expansion of
synthetic fibre raw materials. At the international
level, the balance of chemical fibres is 48.2%, of
which polyester, polyamide and polyacrylonitrile
synthetic fibres make up 37.3%. The use of
synthetic fibres in textile materials leads to the
improvement of consumer properties. Synthetic
materials are characterized by lightness, beautiful
appearance, water resistance and low cost.
Plastic, polyvinyl chloride, polyethene and
polyamide, film materials are widely used in the
development of the top coat and covers [12-19].
They are water-resistant, elastic, soft and cheap.
Covering materials are widely used in sewing
special clothes, jackets and coats. As a basis for
these materials, cotton fibre, artificial fibres and
knitted fabrics are used. In the process of
threading these textile materials, the strength at
the seam line decreases and the gas becomes
water-permeable. Therefore, the welding seam is
widely used in attaching the details of clothing
from the above-mentioned gasifications.
In addition, a welding seam is used to attach
clothing details from natural and viscose fibre
gauzes and knitted fabrics mixed with a
thermoplastic. One of the main properties of
synthetic fibres and polymers is their
thermoplasticity. To use this property, it is
appropriate to use the method of joining clothing
details without thread, and welding [20-26].
Welding- this is a technological process of
forming a continuous connection by bringing the
connected surfaces in the contact zone of the
fabric to a sticky state and then attaching them.
Weld -it is the process of bonding thermoplastic
materials under the influence of heat and
pressure. For such materials, it is not wise to use
thread joints, because the sewing process is
difficult, and the strength and waterproof
properties of the fabric are reduced by threading
the products. Due to the fact that the material is
thermoplastic, it is also inappropriate to press it
with high pressure and glue it.
Volume 02 Issue 12-2022
127
International Journal of Advance Scientific Research
(ISSN
–
2750-1396)
VOLUME
02
I
SSUE
12
Pages:
125-132
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.478
)
(2022:
5.636
)
METADATA
IF
–
7.356
Figure 1. Welding methods.
When sewing clothes from film thermoplastic
materials (plastic polyvinyl chloride, polyethene,
polyamide) is required to use welding. Three
types of welding methods are used in sewing
enterprises:
contact
(continuous
and
thermopulse), high frequency and ultrasonic.
To date, the essence of the electric heating contact
welding method in sewing enterprises is that the
material is treated with a special heating tool. The
heating temperature is 300-
350 °С, Teflon of
tracing paper is used to prevent sticking [27-30].
In high-frequency current welding, the
thermoplastic material is placed between two
plates that are heated by high-frequency
alternating current. The high-frequency current
causes heat dissipation between the plates to
move in the electric field of dipole molecules
(electrically charged at a certain distance from
each other) in the polymers and perform certain
work. The material softens under the influence of
heat and is welded.
Volume 02 Issue 12-2022
128
International Journal of Advance Scientific Research
(ISSN
–
2750-1396)
VOLUME
02
I
SSUE
12
Pages:
125-132
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.478
)
(2022:
5.636
)
METADATA
IF
–
7.356
Figure 2. Clothes processed by welding.
Thermoplastic material is welded very quickly in
a high-frequency field. For example, a plastic
polyvinyl chloride film with a thickness of 0.15-
0.2 mm is welded in 2-3 seconds.
In the ultrasonic welding method, the
thermoplastic material is affected by ultrasonic
vibration and pressure. A vibrating div absorbs
this vibrational energy and turns it into heat.
When ultrasonic frequency vibrations pass
through the parts touching each other, the
material is welded due to the mechanical effect
and ripple effect of these vibrations.
Figure 3. Clothes welded with the high-frequency current.
There are 3 different welding methods: heat
welding, high-frequency current and ultrasonic
welding.
Method 1. The joint of the material is heated and
softened in a contact heating device, and then
cooled. For this method, the German "Pfaff"
company 8300 cl. the car is used. To prevent the
film from sticking to the hot tool, cellophane,
tracing paper and a thin film of fluoroplastic
(Teflon) are placed between them.
Method 2. Welding with high-frequency current
[4,18,34].
By welding, it is possible to create joining, laying,
folding, and connecting seams:
•
butt weld is waterproof and simpler than
other welds, this weld is used in areas that do
not require curing and are waterproof;
•
open-cut fold welding is used in the
processing of the edge of the board, the edge
Volume 02 Issue 12-2022
129
International Journal of Advance Scientific Research
(ISSN
–
2750-1396)
VOLUME
02
I
SSUE
12
Pages:
125-132
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.478
)
(2022:
5.636
)
METADATA
IF
–
7.356
of the collar, and the bending of the hem and
the end of the sleeve;
•
Open cut butt weld - used for attaching
shoulders, sides, sleeves and other cuts of
waterproof clothing;
•
Closed butt weld - since it is slightly more
mature and beautiful than open butt weld, it is
recommended to use it for welding the main
details of all materials with thermoplastic
coating;
•
Butt weld is used in the welding of sub-collar,
adip pieces.
Fig. 4. Schematic diagram of types of welds.
Volume 02 Issue 12-2022
130
International Journal of Advance Scientific Research
(ISSN
–
2750-1396)
VOLUME
02
I
SSUE
12
Pages:
125-132
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.478
)
(2022:
5.636
)
METADATA
IF
–
7.356
Figure 5. Examples of types of welding.
Having studied the properties of gas in the
methods of welding and threading of items, I can
achieve the strength of the seams of the finished
item by connecting the seams with thread or
welding methods. It is recommended to sew
outerwear with the use of machine seams when
sewing outerwear. The level of ripeness depends
on the density of the gas [5].
C
ONCLUSION
The use of synthetic fibres in textile materials
improves consumption characteristics, lightness,
beautiful appearance, water resistance, and low
cost of synthetic materials. application of
materials. They are water-resistant, elastic, soft
and cheap, and covering materials are widely
used in sewing special clothes, jackets and coats.
Taking into account that the strength of the seam
line decreases and gas becomes water-permeable
in the process of joining the thread, it is necessary
to increase the number of products treated with
welding seams and to implement measures to
produce them for the domestic market.
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