Volume 02 Issue 12-2022
59
International Journal of Advance Scientific Research
(ISSN
–
2750-1396)
VOLUME
02
I
SSUE
12
Pages:
59-63
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.478
)
(2022:
5.636
)
METADATA
IF
–
7.356
A
BSTRACT
The article proposes devices for the desalination of water from an underground source, in particular, they
mainly concern the provision of environmentally safe water supply to the population with high-quality
drinking and technical water.
K
EYWORDS
Water, desalination, quality, device, heat source, vacuum pumps.
I
NTRODUCTION
Currently, one of the world's problems of
mankind is the lack of fresh drinking water. In
some areas, clean water is a valuable and
expensive resource. Cases have already been
noted when armed conflicts began because of
freshwater sources. In the future, the situation
with water will only worsen due to the constant
growth of the population in developing countries.
More and more countries in the future will be
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Copyright:
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4.0 licence.
Research Article
UNDERGROUND WATER DESALINATION DEVICE
Submission Date:
December 05, 2022,
Accepted Date:
December 10, 2022,
Published Date:
December 16, 2022
Crossref doi:
https://doi.org/10.37547/ijasr-02-12-09
O.S.Rayimjonova
Fergana Branch Of Tashkent University Of Information Technologies, Fergana, Uzbekistan
M.G.Tillaboyev
Fergana Branch Of Tashkent University Of Information Technologies, Fergana, Uzbekistan
S.Sh.Xusanova
Fergana Branch Of Tashkent University Of Information Technologies, Fergana, Uzbekistan
Volume 02 Issue 12-2022
60
International Journal of Advance Scientific Research
(ISSN
–
2750-1396)
VOLUME
02
I
SSUE
12
Pages:
59-63
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.478
)
(2022:
5.636
)
METADATA
IF
–
7.356
forced to find new ways to extract water
intensively.
Drinking water is first of all human health.
According to the World Health Organization, 70%
of all diseases in the world are associated with
poor quality of drinking water and violation of
sanitary and hygienic standards of water supply
[1].
The shortage of fresh water is felt in more than 40
countries, located mainly in arid and arid regions
and making up about 60% of the entire surface of
the earth's land (according to calculations, by the
beginning of the 21st century it will reach 120-
150 109 m3 per year). This deficit can be covered
by desalination of saline (salt contains more than
10 g/l) and brackish (2
–
10 g/l) oceanic, sea, and
ground waters, the reserves of which make up
98% of all water on the globe [3].
Analysis of water desalination methods.
Water desalination is a method of removing
dissolved salts and other impurities from it. This
group can in turn be divided into chemical and
physical methods. Let's consider them in more
detail.
Chemical deposition, the method is based on the
conversion of dissolved salts into insoluble
compounds that precipitate and are removed. The
reagents used vary depending on the salt
composition of the desalinated water. For
example, an excess of magnesium salts is
precipitated by soda, and sulfates can be removed
by treatment with barium hydroxide [4].
The desalination by freezing, this method is based
on the fact that the formation of ice crystals when
the temperature drops below 0 degrees occurs
only from water molecules (the phenomenon of
cryoscopy). As a result, freshwater is released in
the form of ice from the solution. The solution
becomes more and more concentrated. If you
then drain the resulting brine and melt the ice,
you get demineralized water [5].
Thus, water desalination is a method of water
treatment in order to reduce the concentration of
dissolved salts to the extent (usually up to 1 g/l)
at which water becomes suitable for drinking and
household purposes. The shortage of fresh water
is felt in more than 40 countries, located mainly in
arid and arid regions and making up about 60%
of the entire surface of the earth's land (according
to calculations, by the beginning of the 21st
century it will reach 120-150 109 m3 per year).
This deficit can be covered by desalination of
saline (salt contains more than 10 g/l) and
brackish (2
–
10 g/l) oceanic, sea, and ground
waters, the reserves of which make up 98% of all
water on the globe [6
–
10].
Underground water desalination device
This work relates to the field of desalination of
water from an underground source of brackish
water, in particular, they mainly concern the
provision of environmentally safe water supply to
the population with high-quality drinking and
industrial water.
The proposed desalination plant is equipped with
a heat source, and hydraulic piston vacuum
Volume 02 Issue 12-2022
61
International Journal of Advance Scientific Research
(ISSN
–
2750-1396)
VOLUME
02
I
SSUE
12
Pages:
59-63
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.478
)
(2022:
5.636
)
METADATA
IF
–
7.356
pumps are equipped with valves at the inlet and
outlet.
Hydro-piston vacuum pumps work alternately.
Figure 1 shows a diagram of a device for the
desalination of well water. A submersible pump 2
is lowered into well 1, connected by pipeline 3 to
an evaporator 4, equipped with a drainage pipe 5
and a heat source 6. The upper part of evaporator
4 is connected by pipes with hydraulic piston
vacuum pumps 7 and 8, the outputs of which 9
and 10 are connected to storage tank 11.
The device works as follows. Pump 2 pumps out
water from well 1, which is fed through pipeline 3
to evaporator 4. The evaporator is heated by heat
source 6, which can be any source: gas flame,
electric heater, solar heat, etc. The heated water
begins to evaporate with reduced heating
because connected to a hydraulic piston vacuum
pump 7, both valves of which are open. Water in
pump tank 7 under the action of gravity tends to
flow out into tank 11, while a vacuum is formed
above the liquid piston, which reduces the
pressure in evaporator 4. At a reduced pressure,
the boiling point decreases, and this in turn
reduces the amount of required heat. Getting into
the tank of the hydraulic piston vacuum pump 7,
steam from the evaporator 4 condenses and
gradually fills its volume. After that, the valves of
pump 7 are closed, the valves of pump 8 are
opened and the cycle is repeated. After the
evaporation of most of the water in the
evaporator 4, a brine is formed at the bottom of it,
which is drained by pipe 5.
Volume 02 Issue 12-2022
62
International Journal of Advance Scientific Research
(ISSN
–
2750-1396)
VOLUME
02
I
SSUE
12
Pages:
59-63
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.478
)
(2022:
5.636
)
METADATA
IF
–
7.356
Fig.1. Scheme of a device for desalination of well water
The main hygienic indicators of the quality of
desalinated drinking water are at the level of:
•
The
minimum
required
level
of
mineralization - 100 mg / l;
•
The optimal level for chloride-sulphate
waters - 200 - 400 mg/l;
•
The optimal level for hydrocarbonate
waters is 250 - 500 mg/l;
•
The minimum required alkalinity of water
is 0.5 meq/l;
•
The minimum allowable water hardness is
1.5 mg-eq / l;
•
The minimum required level of calcium -
30 mg / l;
•
The minimum required sodium level - 200
mg/l;
•
The optimal level of fluorine content -
within 0.4 - 2.5 mg / l;
•
Taste and smell of water - no more than 1-
2 points; the total number of microbes in 1
ml of water - no more than 100;
•
Koli-index - no more than 3.
C
ONCLUSION
The technical result is that there is no need for the
device to operate under high pressure. The device
has a simpler design, and requires less thermal
energy, which increases the efficiency of
desalination. It is environmentally safe.
R
EFERENCES
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http://www.apha.org
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Volume 02 Issue 12-2022
63
International Journal of Advance Scientific Research
(ISSN
–
2750-1396)
VOLUME
02
I
SSUE
12
Pages:
59-63
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.478
)
(2022:
5.636
)
METADATA
IF
–
7.356
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