Volume 02 Issue 12-2022
44
International Journal of Advance Scientific Research
(ISSN
–
2750-1396)
VOLUME
02
I
SSUE
12
Pages:
44-47
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.478
)
(2022:
5.636
)
METADATA
IF
–
7.356
A
BSTRACT
President of the Republic of Uzbekistan Sh. Mirziyoev "Today, our Uzbekistan is rising to a new, higher
stage of development based on the main principle: "From national revival to national rise." "During the
large-scale reforms implemented in our country, the role and influence of the state language in our lives is
increasing more and more," he said. In fact, today, when Uzbek language is given the status of the state
language, when we celebrate it as a national holiday, it is very important to raise our language to a higher
level.
K
EYWORDS
State language, Turkish language, literary language, grammar.
I
NTRODUCTION
Alisher Navoi wrote in his work "Muhokamat al-
lughatayn" ("Discussion of two languages") that it
is his language that distinguished man from
creation (animal) and gave him the status of "the
gem of honor". They revived these words of
Alisher Navoi in the Turkish world at the
beginning of the 20th century. The great Uzbek
writer Fitrat, in his work "Munozara" written a
Journal
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Research Article
FITRAT AND MEHMET AKIF TURKISH LANGUAGE AND IT'S
ABOUT THE FUTURE
Submission Date:
December 05, 2022,
Accepted Date:
December 10, 2022,
Published Date:
December 16, 2022
Crossref doi:
https://doi.org/10.37547/ijasr-02-12-06
X.X. Boltaboeva
Teacher, Tashkent State University Of Oriental Studies, Tashkent, Uzbekistan
Volume 02 Issue 12-2022
45
International Journal of Advance Scientific Research
(ISSN
–
2750-1396)
VOLUME
02
I
SSUE
12
Pages:
44-47
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.478
)
(2022:
5.636
)
METADATA
IF
–
7.356
hundred years ago, continues Navoi's thoughts
and writes that the height of man is due to his
language and speech: "Man is the most noble of
creatures on earth, the honor of man over other
creatures is that man is capable of development
and decline, while other animals are not. Judges
divided three worlds for human development and
decline: the world of animals, the world of
animals, and the world of humanity; he who fixes
his level of humanity on this particular state
enters the animal world; whoever degrades the
level of humanity from the status of inevitability,
enters the world of stasis, that is, stasis; whoever
advances his level of humanity from his original
state, this is his entry into the world of humanity.
The judges called him HUMAN. After all, be
honest, if the infidels are progressing, why are we
in decline? If infidels write their name HUMAN in
front of the minds of the whole world - why are
we stagnant?! [1-159-160]. With these thoughts,
Fitrat puts the language policy on the agenda,
since man's ability to develop is superior to all
things: animals and the natural world, and his
spiritual development is also his national
language.
Turkish writer Mehmed Akif Ersoy also said in his
article "Hasbi hol" that language should be
preserved in order to preserve national culture
and civilization. For this, first of all, it is necessary
to pay attention to the language lessons given to
students in schools: "We should know very well
that it is not possible to learn the French language
in the way that has been popular until now, it is
necessary to teach the science of language in a
very new way. Instead of teaching students
French for five or six years a few hours a week,
students who need to learn this language can be
taught with a one-year intensive course, but the
national language cannot be taught in this way [2-
12].
M
ETHODOLOGY
The article mainly uses the historical-
comparative method, which gives an opportunity
to study the work of Mehmet Akif Ersoy in a
certain chronological order. In comparing his
views on language with Fitrat's article "Our
Language", the comparative-typological method
was used, and the possibilities of the structural
method were also used to study the place of views
on language in the internal structure of "Safohat".
R
ESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Although Professor Fitrat is a mature scientist
and writer in several fields, he is primarily a
scientist who contributed to the development of
Uzbek linguistics and literary studies as a
philologist. Fitrat's contribution to the science of
linguistics is clearly visible in his following works:
the textbook "Mother Tongue" (co-authored with
Qayyum Ramazan and Shokirjon Rahimi) (1918),
the article "Our Language" (1919), "Sarf: Rules of
the Uzbek Language" devoted to the morphology
and syntax of the Uzbek language. "An experiment
on the rules of the Uzbek language" (Book 1,
1925-1929), "Nahv: An experiment on the rules of
the Uzbek language" (Book 2, 1926-1930) and
others.
Volume 02 Issue 12-2022
46
International Journal of Advance Scientific Research
(ISSN
–
2750-1396)
VOLUME
02
I
SSUE
12
Pages:
44-47
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.478
)
(2022:
5.636
)
METADATA
IF
–
7.356
The entry of Fitrat into linguistics is related to the
national liberation movements of 1916, in
particular, the language policy. Fitrat has already
mastered Arabic, Persian and Turkish (Uzbek)
languages. In his article "Tilimiz" (1919), Fitrat
continues the struggle for the purity and freedom
of the language and writes about the rich and
unfortunate state of the Turkish language: "The
wealth of a language is the abundance of words in
that language (kasrati kalimat), the breadth of
pronunciation
(vuz'ati
ishtiqaq),
the
completeness of yusup ( its perfection is with
kawaid)...". These three aspects are important in
the development of not only the Uzbek language,
but also all languages in the world. However, the
author mentions the factors that caused the
misfortune of the Turkish (Uzbek) language,
showing its beauty, completeness and richness.
One of them is imitation. If we want to imitate
something of any nation, we imitate it regardless
of our own national spirit" [3-4] . Due to this
imitation, Arabic and Persian words were given a
wide place, this aspect is visible not only in
vocabulary, but also in language laws.
Mehmed Akif Ersoy pointed out that the
proposals made by the Western countries
regarding the development of Ottoman Turkish
youth are not sincere, and one of the issues he
criticized about language education is the
destruction of the national language.
He is so opposed to changing the words and
concepts that are so ingrained in the vernacular
language that it is impossible to remember that
they were taken from another language.
However, he himself believes that the language
should be simplified. He pointed out that
language teaching in the current educational
system does not go beyond the memorization of
grammatical rules and formulaic expressions, and
children can get tired of these lessons, which they
repeat for years without understanding anything.
For this reason, he said that he could not learn
foreign languages such as Arabic, Persian or
French to express his thoughts. Instead of the
current method of teaching only the important
rules short and concise and starting with short
sentences, starting with long and short sentences
and moving on to long sentences suggested
focusing on practices. In addition, he noted that
trying to teach French to young people in a society
that has not yet fully realized the importance of
reading and writing is an unnecessary and futile
effort, and that it is impossible to learn the
language with a few hours of lessons a week. He
said that one-year intensive programs can be
developed as a solution to the problems in foreign
language teaching. He knows that learning new
languages and adding new words to society's
lexicon is normal and inevitable over time.
Fitrat's article "Our Language" was written as
part of the program of the "Chigatoy Gurungi"
organization, and it is proof that he worked
together with such linguists as Elbek, Ashurali
Zahiri, Shokirjon Rahimi, Qayum Ramazon,
Cholpon, Ghazi Yunus, Shorasul Zunnun.
However, among them, only Fitrat was able to
create a perfect textbook of the Uzbek language
for his time.
Fitrat's work "Sarf" ("Morphology") was
reprinted six times (1924-1930), among which
Volume 02 Issue 12-2022
47
International Journal of Advance Scientific Research
(ISSN
–
2750-1396)
VOLUME
02
I
SSUE
12
Pages:
44-47
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.478
)
(2022:
5.636
)
METADATA
IF
–
7.356
the 1930 edition is relatively perfect. In this work,
Fitrat also talks about the vocabulary, usage
(morphology, phonetics) of the Uzbek language.
He expresses his views on the etymology of
certain words. The significance of Fitrat's works
on linguistics can be understood by comparing
these publications [4-14].
Fitrat's work "Nahv" ("Syntax") was reprinted
five times, published the first edition in 1924. In
this work, the scientist mentions that some
linguistic terms and terms used by Fitrat are not
in use today. If we compare it with existing
manuals on the syntax of the Uzbek language, we
can imagine how relevant and relevant Fitrat's
works are today.
C
ONCLUSION
As a conclusion, it can be noted that Professor
Fitrat paid attention to issues such as purism
(purity of the language), perfect processing of
grammatical rules, richness of the language's
vocabulary in his works on the national language
and its teaching methods [5-146].
Mehmet Akif Ersoy drew attention to the
textbooks aimed at teaching the Turkish language
and said that the level of expression and content
of the textbooks should be prepared according to
the age of the children. He proposed in his work
"Safahot" ("Pages") that the Ministry of Education
should take the responsibility of writing these
textbooks and organize contests to identify
specialists and thus qualified people should do
this work [6-248]..
R
EFERENCES
1.
Фитрат А. (2000) Мунозара / Форсчадан
Ҳ.Болтабоев
таржимаси.
Фитрат.
Асарлар. 1
-
том. Т.: Маънавият, 2000. –
Б.
159-160.
2.
Эрсўй М.А. Ҳасби ҳол / Сироти
мустақийм. –
1910/1328.
–
7 июль. –
Б.
1-12.
3.
Фитрат А. Тилимиз. Иштирокиюн. –
1919. -
14 июль. // Фитрат. Асарлар. 4
-
том. Т.: Маънавият, 2000. –
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-11.
4.
Болтабоев Ҳ. Фитрат ва жадидчилик. –
Т., 2007. –
Б. 210
-218.
5.
Fitrat А. Saylanma. –
Тошкент: Zabarjad
media, 2022.
–
146 b.
6.
Ersoy Mehmet Âkif. Safahat.
–
Ankara,
Akçağ Yayınevi, 2008. –
148 s.
