Volume 03 Issue 02-2023
33
International Journal of Advance Scientific Research
(ISSN
–
2750-1396)
VOLUME
03
I
SSUE
02
Pages:
33-37
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.478
)
(2022:
5.636
)
(2023:
6.741
)
OCLC
–
1368736135
A
BSTRACT
This article examines pension provision as University of Public Safety independent researcher, one of the
most important and urgent functions of each state, and also defines the concept of pension and gives an
idea of the importance of pension.
Proposals were also developed on the reforms being carried out in Uzbekistan, including in the pension
sector, on the procedure for increasing the size of pensions starting from January 2023.
K
EYWORDS
Pension, social security, social protection, Pension fund, accumulative pension system, minimum pension.
I
NTRODUCTION
In different countries of the world with different
demographic situations, namely, a sharp decrease
in the birth rate, an increase in the level of
poverty, an aggravation of the problem of
unemployment and an increase in the life
expectancy of the population, the frequency of
pension provision of the population increases
proportionally to it.
Journal
Website:
http://sciencebring.co
m/index.php/ijasr
Copyright:
Original
content from this work
may be used under the
terms of the creative
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attributes
4.0 licence.
Research Article
SOCIAL SECURITY REFORMS IN THE NEW UZBEKISTAN:
PROBLEMS AND SUGGESTIONS
Submission Date:
February 12, 2023,
Accepted Date:
February 17, 2023,
Published Date:
February 22, 2023
Crossref doi:
https://doi.org/10.37547/ijasr-03-02-05
Ziyadullaev Makhmudjon Jurakulovich
Associate Professor, Doctor Of Philosophy (Phd) In Law, Law Enforcement Academy, Republic Of
Uzbekistan
Volume 03 Issue 02-2023
34
International Journal of Advance Scientific Research
(ISSN
–
2750-1396)
VOLUME
03
I
SSUE
02
Pages:
33-37
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.478
)
(2022:
5.636
)
(2023:
6.741
)
OCLC
–
1368736135
According to research, the world's population is
aging every year. Today there are 1 billion people
in the world. an elderly person (60 years and
older). more than a person, which is 13% of the
total population of the Earth. According to the
United Nations, in 2050, 22% of the world's
population will be retired, and the average life
expectancy of the world's population will reach
76 years.
According to the World Bank, the world's
population over the age of 65 was 7.7% of the
total population in 1950, 19% in 2019 and is
expected to exceed 27% by 2050.
Also , the population of the earth in 1804 was 1
billion man, 2 billion in 1927, today it is 8 billion.
According to the analysis of the International
Labor Organization, as of January 1, 2022, there
are 207 million (6.5%) people unemployed in
relation to people of working age in the world.
While the total fertility rate was 4.97 in 1950, by
2020 it had fallen to 2.47. The saddest thing is that
only 68% of the elderly population of the Earth
has a pension.
From the above very important statistics, it is also
clear that today the further improvement of
pension provision is one of the most pressing
issues facing every state.
In particular, creation of a favorable pension
system, further improvement of private and non-
state pension systems, retirement age, protection
from poverty in old age, improvement of
guarantees of decent pension provision for
citizens and revision of the pension legislation of
states in accordance with international
standards, achievement of priority application of
the principles of social justice and legality in
pension provision, in different states reforms in
such areas are being implemented in different
ways, as a search for a scientific, theoretical and
practical solution to improve the legal
foundations of pension provision.
One of the important tasks of the state is to
provide a decent pension to the population. State
pensions are monetary payments made at the
expense of state financial funds, taking into
account the labor and other socially significant
useful activities of a citizen in previous periods as
the main source of livelihood for him throughout
his life or until the restoration of working capacity
free of charge, no less than the amounts provided
by law.
An important aspect of pension provision is a cash
payment, which is provided to citizens in case of
loss of health, separation from dependents and
reaching a certain length of service and age. This
payment in most cases serves as a source of
livelihood for citizens precisely during those
periods when they need help. Pension-basically
provides an opportunity to protect from
helplessness in old age, not to need someone for
disability, to provide material security when
separated from the breadwinner.
Therefore, pension provision can be considered
as a complex structure - a pension system. The
pension system consists of a set of legal, economic
and organizational institutions and norms
Volume 03 Issue 02-2023
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International Journal of Advance Scientific Research
(ISSN
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VOLUME
03
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Pages:
33-37
SJIF
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(2021:
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)
(2022:
5.636
)
(2023:
6.741
)
OCLC
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1368736135
created by the state aimed at providing material
assistance to citizens.
The structural elements of the system under
consideration are: financing; management; types
of pensions and legality.
Pension provision was introduced in different
ways in different states, and while pensions in
most states are set by the state for the minimum
purchases of citizens for living, the rest is
compensated through non-state pension funds,
depending on their work experience.
Article 39 of the Constitution of the Republic of
Uzbekistan also states that the amount of
pensions, allowances, and other types of social
assistance may not be less than the officially
established subsistence minimum[1].
As it is known, for the first time in the history of
Uzbekistan, the issue of poverty was highlighted
on January 24, 2020 in the Message of the
President of the Republic of Uzbekistan to the Oliy
Majlis, and it was noted that this topic is one of the
main priorities of social and economic policy[2].
Based on this, since June 2021, the republic has
developed rules for calculating minimum
consumer expenses, and based on the monitoring
and calculations carried out, it was announced
that the minimum consumer expenses amount to
440 thousand soums, and it was established that
this amount will be reviewed in stages. To date,
the minimum amount of consumer spending in
the republic is set at 498 thousand soums per
month. Thus, with this in mind, the minimum
amount of state pensions should not be less than
498 thousand soums.
Evidence of this can also be seen below. Article 29
of the Law on State Pension Provision of Citizens
establishes the procedure for calculating
pensions in case of incomplete work experience
of a citizen. If a citizen has less than the length of
service required by law, he is assigned an old-age
pension in the amount of at least 50 percent of the
minimum old-age pension. If you look at the
figures, today the minimum age pension is 633
thousand soums, and 50% of them are 316,500
soums. This means that if a citizen has incomplete
seniority, he can be assigned a pension in the
amount of 316.5 thousand.
But taking into account the fact that the minimum
amount of consumer spending is set at 458,000
soums, by Decree of the President of the Republic
of Uzbekistan dated April 29, 2022 No. PF-
128 “on
additional measures for material support of
socially unprotected segments of the population”,
the minimum age pension for incomplete work
experience is set taking into account the
surcharge. installed at 500,000 soums per month.
It will not be an exaggeration that in recent years
the country has undergone drastic changes,
including one of the targeted reforms aimed at
further improving the standard of living of
pensioners.
President of the Republic of Uzbekistan Sh.
Mirziyoyev, noted, "support for people with
disabilities, people who have lost a breadwinner,
lonely elderly people, in general, those who need
support, will certainly be our priority. In the
Volume 03 Issue 02-2023
36
International Journal of Advance Scientific Research
(ISSN
–
2750-1396)
VOLUME
03
I
SSUE
02
Pages:
33-37
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.478
)
(2022:
5.636
)
(2023:
6.741
)
OCLC
–
1368736135
coming year, a lot of work needs to be done to
create a more favorable environment for
entrepreneurship, business, create new jobs,
increase household incomes, and improve
pension provision”.
Indeed, the ongoing reforms in the pension sector
are considered very important, since pensioners
make up almost 12% of the population of the
republic.
In particular, the Decree of the President of the
Republic of Uzbekistan dated January 28, 2022
No. 60 “on the new development strategy of
Uzbekistan for 2022-
2026” states that from
January 1, 2023, the maximum salary for pension
accrual will be increased from 10 to 12 times
compared to the basic amount of pension accrual.
Based on this, which pensioner has an average
salary received for pension accrual from January
1 exceeds the basic pension accrual amount by 10
times, the amount of pensions of these citizens
are subject to recalculation.
Also, from 1 January 2023, the pension for
disabled people of groups I and II is recalculated
every 2 years, based on the length of service of at
least 1 year and the amount of salary after the
appointment of the pension.
It is known that a similar procedure of the law on
state pensions of the former Union of 1956 13, 33,
34, 101, 125- it is also provided in the articles.
Only he could recalculate all types of pensions
every 2 years, based on the length of service of at
least one year and the amount of salary after the
appointment of a pension by law.
In conclusion, from 1 January 2023, the size of
pensions for disabled people of groups I and II
will be reviewed if they have continued their
work after retiring on disability. The pension
amount increases if the pension amount exceeds
the current amount. If the increase in seniority is
not profitable, the pension amount is left
unchanged.
In article 37 of the Law of the Republic of
Uzbekistan "On state pension provision of
citizens". The types of work activity that are
counted in the work experience are determined.
This article states that the time worked after the
appointment of an old-age pension is not counted
in the length of service for pension accrual.
Proposal: it is known that there are no
calculations on pension social taxes and
contributions paid by citizens from their work
after the appointment of a pension. With this in
mind, in order to stimulate the labor activity of
citizens, it is advisable to recalculate the pensions
of persons who continued their work after
retirement by age.
R
EFERENCES
1.
https://constitution.uz/uz/clause/index
2.
O‘zbekiston
Respublikasi
Prezidenti
Sh.Mirziyoevning
Oliy
Majlisga
murojaatnomasi. “Xalq so‘zi”, 2018 yil 29
dekabr. 271-272 (7229-7230).
3.
Ziyadullaev, M. (2021). Pravo na sotsialnoe
obespechenie v Uzbekistane i radikalnыe
reformы, provedennыe v pensionnom
sektore v 2017-
2021 godax. Obщestvo i
Volume 03 Issue 02-2023
37
International Journal of Advance Scientific Research
(ISSN
–
2750-1396)
VOLUME
03
I
SSUE
02
Pages:
33-37
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.478
)
(2022:
5.636
)
(2023:
6.741
)
OCLC
–
1368736135
innovatsii,
2(8/S),
121
–
127.
https://doi.org/10.47689/2181-1415-vol2-
iss8/S-pp121-127
4.
Ziyadullaev, M. (2021). Silnaya sotsialnaya
zaщita
-
trebovanie vremeni. Obщestvo i
innovatsii,
2(5),
64
–
68.
https://doi.org/10.47689/2181-1415-vol2-
iss5-pp64-68
