Volume 03 Issue 05-2023
38
International Journal of Advance Scientific Research
(ISSN
–
2750-1396)
VOLUME
03
ISSUE
05
Pages:
38-42
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.478
)
(2022:
5.636
)
(2023:
6.741
)
OCLC
–
1368736135
A
BSTRACT
Proverbs, proverbs, proverbs and sayings are samples of folk oral creativity that have been transferred
from one language to another over the years and become the cultural heritage of the nation. These proverbs
reflect not only the history, lifestyle, and worldview of the people, but also their sorrows, worries, and
dreams. Proverbs are national-cultural units that allow a deeper understanding of people's outlook and
mentality. This article shows the thematic groups, semantics and structure of Uzbek folk proverbs.
K
EYWORDS
proverb, matal, hadiths, proverbs with breadcrumbs, thematic topics, "Meanery of Meanings", etymology.
I
NTRODUCTION
Uzbek folk proverbs are distinguished by their
eloquence, simplicity, and brevity. The Uzbek
people have always been simple, we can say that
they are a Jaidari people. That's why proverbs,
proverbs, puns, and rhymes, which are oral
creations of the people, are written in an
understandable language, free of unnecessary
decorations, but attract attention with the depth
of their content. In Uzbek folk proverbs, the
attitude of our people to life, nature, man, family
and society, socio-political, spiritual-educational,
moral-aesthetic and philosophical views are fully
manifested. That is why proverbs are extremely
widespread and have been used continuously for
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Research Article
TOPIC GROUPS AND SEMANTICS OF UZBEK FOLK PROVERBS
Submission Date:
May 05, 2023,
Accepted Date:
May 10, 2023,
Published Date:
May 15, 2023
Crossref doi:
https://doi.org/10.37547/ijasr-03-05-06
Umida Fakhriddinovna Tadzhiyeva
Arabic Language Teacher, Department Of "Oriental Languages", Oriental University, Uzbekistan
Volume 03 Issue 05-2023
39
International Journal of Advance Scientific Research
(ISSN
–
2750-1396)
VOLUME
03
ISSUE
05
Pages:
38-42
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.478
)
(2022:
5.636
)
(2023:
6.741
)
OCLC
–
1368736135
centuries in lively conversation and mutual
speech relations, in artistic, historical and
scientific works, in political and journalistic
literature.
The question of classification of Uzbek proverbs
is a topic that is waiting for its solution today. In
the two-volume academic collection "Uzbek folk
proverbs", proverbs are listed in alphabetical
order. "Alphabetically" is accepted as "Flying
Words"
in
the
collection.
Compilers
Sh.Shomaksudov and Sh.Shorakhmedov have
arranged proverbs in alphabetical order in their
"Meanings" collection. The collection includes
20,000 proverbs. It contains the etymology and
alternatives of proverbs. In other collections, the
subject-theme classification of proverbs is mainly
used. For example, the collection of "Uzbek folk
proverbs" presents a topic group of 30 subjects:
1)
About the homeland and patriotism;
2)
about work and diligence;
3)
collectivism;
4)
about friendship and disagreement;
5)
about science and art;
6)
about wisdom and ignorance;
7)
about courage and humanity;
8)
about courage and cowardice;
9)
about vigilance and caution;
10)
about family and relatives;
11)
about love and loyalty;
12)
about respecting elders;
13)
about humility and education;
14)
about dignity;
15)
about guests and hospitality;
16)
about good words and goodness;
17)
about honesty and sincerity;
18)
about prudence and negligence;
19)
about savings;
20)
about patience, contentment, perseverance;
21)
about purity, purity;
22)
about trust and despair;
23)
about boasting and arrogance;
24)
about greed;
25)
about animals;
26)
about advice;
27)
figurative proverbs;
28)
proverbs of advice;
29)
poverty and need: proverbs about the
historical past;
30)
proverbs directed against injustice;
"Uzbek folk proverbs" [T. Mirzayev, Tashkent,
2005] collection of proverbs divided into 70
thematic topics: 1) Homeland and patriotism; 2)
Community and selfishness; 3) Hard work and
lack of enthusiasm; 4) honesty and generosity; 5)
straightness and curvature; 6) good and evil; 7)
good word and bad word; 8) justice, honesty and
dishonesty; 9) friendship and enmity 10) peace
and unrest; 11) cowardice and cowardice; 12)
equality and inequality; 13) wisdom and
ignorance; 14) knowledge, profession and
ignorance; 15) bravery and cowardice; 16)
education and habit; 17) decency and indecency;
18) guest and hospitality; 19) generosity and
stinginess; 20) beauty and ugliness; 21) modesty
and arrogance; 22) happiness, luck and bad luck;
23) dexterity and dexterity; 24) truth and lies; 25)
patience and impatience; 26) kindness and lack of
consequence; 27) dignity and worthlessness; 28)
love and infidelity; 29) family and neighborhood;
30) nepotism and estrangement; 31) child and
Volume 03 Issue 05-2023
40
International Journal of Advance Scientific Research
(ISSN
–
2750-1396)
VOLUME
03
ISSUE
05
Pages:
38-42
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.478
)
(2022:
5.636
)
(2023:
6.741
)
OCLC
–
1368736135
childlessness; 32) experience and creativity; 33)
greed and greed; 34) hope and despair; 35) trust
and distrust; 36) freedom and lack of freedom;
37) stability and instability; 38) harmony and
disharmony; 39) honor and dishonor; 40) pride
and flattery; 41) sincerity and insincerity; 42)
anxiety and anxiety; 43) prudence and lack of
prudence; 44) cause, excuse and result; 45)
efficiency and inefficiency; 46) sustenance and
fortune; 47) thrift and extravagance; 48) cash and
credit; 49) need and necessity; 50) plan and lack
of plan; 51) normality and abnormality; 52)
power and weakness; 53) profit and loss; 54)
responsibility and irresponsibility; 55) fate and
event; 56) value of time and opportunity; 57)
possibility and impossibility; 58) prosperity and
scarcity; 59) caution and carelessness; 60)
satisfaction and regret; 61) cleanliness, health
and illness; 62) agriculture and animal
husbandry; 63) joy and sorrow; 64) wedding and
mourning; 65) youth and old age; 66) road and
companion; 67) animals and birds; 68) seasons
and natural phenomena; 69) poverty and wealth;
70) officials and representatives of public
religion.
At the same time, it is worth mentioning such
issues as hospitality, respect for loved ones,
respect for bread, attitude to salt, which are
unique aspects of the Uzbek people:
For example, several proverbs such as " Look at
the person who don't eat bread!", "The cake will
burn until the bread is cooked" or "The little
tokoch will burn until the big tokoch is cooked"
are true and figurative, that is, they have a literal
meaning. Tokoch means a loaf of bread. The
original meaning of this paremia is "The large loaf
of bread closed in the oven will be fried until it
gets hot, and the small bread will be burnt until
the large bread is browned." Scholars interpret
the metaphorical meaning of this proverb as "...
before the brother gets married, the sister rushes
before the brother or sister touches the ground.
In such cases, they use this proverb in the form of
irony and humor," they explained. In our opinion,
its figurative meaning is wider: it refers to the
delay of the second task until the primary, main
task is completed. In proverbs and sayings such as
"Bread is in the baker, the key is in the sky",
"Bread is in my bosom: the dog is behind me",
"Bread knows the value of bread, the value of
clothes is naked" and the difficulty of finding
bread is emphasized with folk comparisons,
calling a person to hard work and honesty.
observed: "If you want to eat bread, don't get rid
of woodworking!", "If you sweat, you will eat
grain, if you eat grain, you will eat bread", "If you
have a skill, you will find bread on your way", "No
skill - a bread beggar", "The artisan's bread is
whole", Like "a man's bread is whole."
The abundance of proverbs and sayings related to
bread in the Uzbek language is the result of
national values related to the appreciation of
bread as the most precious, the most sacred, the
greatest, the most priceless blessing among the
Uzbeks as well as other peoples. It is also worth
noting that our people express a lot of high human
feelings by means of proverbs, referring to such
great blessings and comparing them.
Also, Uzbek folk proverbs contain proverbs based
on the names of animals or as a result of religious
Volume 03 Issue 05-2023
41
International Journal of Advance Scientific Research
(ISSN
–
2750-1396)
VOLUME
03
ISSUE
05
Pages:
38-42
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.478
)
(2022:
5.636
)
(2023:
6.741
)
OCLC
–
1368736135
ceremonies. Uzbek folk proverbs formed within
the framework of animal names are usually based
on the nature, character, appearance, movement,
sound, manner of movement, and biological
characteristics of animals. This once again proves
that proverbs, which are a product of oral
creativity, are closely related to the life and
lifestyle of that people. The reality of the life of the
Uzbek people and the basis of proverbs formed
within the framework of professions are usually
the products created by each profession, the basis
of proverbs formed within the profession, the
products created by each profession, events
related to the lifestyle of that profession. For
example, he works tirelessly to meet the needs of
others, but does not have time to do his own
work: "The boot of the cobbler is torn", the
carpenter: "The cobbler does not wear a belt", the
potter: "The potter drinks water in the pot" and
so on., formed in the style. Gradually, the proverb
that appeared within a profession became
philosophical and applied to general situations.
The basis of proverbs formed within the
framework of religious concepts is religious
ceremony, religious terms and names of religious
persons. Proverbs formed within the framework
of household concepts appeared on the basis of
the names of household items and products. A
group of proverbs appeared on the basis of the
names of time, in which the names of the day,
week, month, year, constellation, and season
representing time served as a formative basis.
Proverbs formed on the basis of plant names refer
to the taste and usefulness of fruits in fruit trees,
the hard work associated with picking and
harvesting them, etc.; and in the case of fruitless
trees, it is based on their appearance, degree of
endurance, etc. In proverbs formed on the basis of
the general lexeme "tree", attention is mainly
focused on the plant aspect of the tree.
Hadiths also had a certain influence on the
emergence and development of proverbs, more
precisely, hadiths were processed in the process
of live conversation, became more concise, and
became more actively used in the form of various
proverbs. For example, there is a hadith narrated
from Abdullah ibn Umar: "Allah's pleasure
depends on the father's pleasure, and his anger
depends on the father's anger." He wrote dozens
of sayings such as "Father is pleased - God is
pleased, Father is displeased - God is displeased",
"Don't beat your father, don't stop your manners",
"Don't cross before your father, don't cross before
your manners", "If you are a son of your father,
honor your father's name". motivated the
creation of my article.
In short, the thematic groups of Uzbek folk
proverbs, as well as their structure and
semantics, are extremely diverse. Here, research
on proverbs serves to further enrich and
strengthen the cultural heritage of the people.
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Mirzayev T, Turdimov SH. Uzbek folklore.
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Rahmatov Y. Proverb and its evolution in
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literature.
Dissertation
submitted for the degree of DSc.
Volume 03 Issue 05-2023
42
International Journal of Advance Scientific Research
(ISSN
–
2750-1396)
VOLUME
03
ISSUE
05
Pages:
38-42
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.478
)
(2022:
5.636
)
(2023:
6.741
)
OCLC
–
1368736135
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