Volume 03 Issue 05-2023
27
International Journal of Advance Scientific Research
(ISSN
–
2750-1396)
VOLUME
03
ISSUE
05
Pages:
27-31
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.478
)
(2022:
5.636
)
(2023:
6.741
)
OCLC
–
1368736135
A
BSTRACT
Recently, in the world, special attention has been paid to improving the efficiency of food production,
solving the problems of import substitution and improving the quality of food products in the field of
technological processes and production automation. The efficiency of technological processes of storage of
oil raw materials depends to a large extent on technological storage conditions and environmental
conditions. In this regard, one of the important tasks is the implementation of specialized software
emdiving the strategy implementing the development of Smart-systems based on the predictive model
of the studied object in developed countries. At the same time, it is an urgent task to automate technological
methods of raw material storage, as well as to develop systems for controlling environmental parameters
and a number of other factors.
K
EYWORDS
Oil raw materials, technological processes of production, valuable components, initial and final products.
I
NTRODUCTION
Scientific research and development aimed at the
development of improved systems for the storage
of oily raw materials are being carried out in
Jakhan. One of the important tasks in this field is
the development of Smart-warehouses that use
the remote control of the microclimate of
Journal
Website:
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Copyright:
Original
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may be used under the
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Research Article
TECHNOLOGICAL FOUNDATIONS OF STORAGE AND
PROCESSING
Submission Date:
May 05, 2023,
Accepted Date:
May 10, 2023,
Published Date:
May 15, 2023
Crossref doi:
https://doi.org/10.37547/ijasr-03-05-04
Raxmonov Dilmurod Xusanboyevich
Assistant, Fergana Polytechnic Institute, Fergana, Uzbekistan
Volume 03 Issue 05-2023
28
International Journal of Advance Scientific Research
(ISSN
–
2750-1396)
VOLUME
03
ISSUE
05
Pages:
27-31
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.478
)
(2022:
5.636
)
(2023:
6.741
)
OCLC
–
1368736135
warehouse buildings, which allows for
minimizing the loss of oily raw materials while
preserving the valuable components of
agricultural products [1,2,3].
One of the main tasks of the state is to preserve all
the crops grown and use them wisely, to get the
maximum output from raw materials. Due to the
seasonality of agricultural production, oilseeds
need to be used for different needs throughout
the year or more. The development of the science
of storage of oily raw materials and the
widespread introduction of mechanization into
the storage processes made it possible to
implement new improved technological methods
that ensure the reduction of product loss and
reduction of storage costs. Every specialist in the
storage of oilseeds should know the quality of
oilseeds and methods of increasing it, the nature
of the loss of oilseeds and the organization of their
storage, as well as the rational methods of
processing oilseeds [4,5,6,7].
T
HE MAIN PART
Production processes at oil refineries can be
divided into two main stages. This is due to the
fact that the storage of oily raw materials is
characterized by the loss of some valuable
components. Although the first group of
operations is much simpler than the second group
in terms of apparatus and technology, the loss of
raw materials and valuable components is almost
equal and even superior when viewed in terms of
losses in all subsequent stages of industrial
processing.
In accordance with the accepted structure of the
presentation of the technological processes of the
main production, we will consider a number of
their specific features.
Raw material storage processes. According to the
technical operations of the first group, all
enterprises processing oil raw materials can be
classified into two main types.
The first type includes oil plants where raw
materials are subjected to long-term storage
before industrial processing. During the storage
of raw materials, various biochemical processes
occur, which lead to the loss of some of the useful
substances contained in the raw materials.
Respiration during the storage of oilseeds is the
most important and significant indicator of their
durability. During respiration, cells receive
energy from the oxidation and decomposition of
organic matter in seeds, which is observed with
the loss of solid substances: carbohydrates, fats,
and proteins, that is, valuable components
necessary for extraction during industrial
processing [8,9,10].
The second factor that significantly affects the
safety of raw materials is their mixing with the
seeds of foreign plants and the development of
microorganisms. For example, acceptance for
storage when done, oilseeds have much diverse
microflora.
Microorganisms get into the seed mass in the
field, threshing and under conditions suitable for
their development. Oilseeds are good, nutritious
food for microorganisms, and under certain
Volume 03 Issue 05-2023
29
International Journal of Advance Scientific Research
(ISSN
–
2750-1396)
VOLUME
03
ISSUE
05
Pages:
27-31
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.478
)
(2022:
5.636
)
(2023:
6.741
)
OCLC
–
1368736135
conditions, they can become active, causing
significant spoilage of the seeds [11,12,13,14,15].
The third factor that significantly affects the
process of storage of raw materials is self-healing.
It helps to preserve all types of plant raw
materials under conditions that accelerate
physiological and biochemical processes. All
living components of the raw mass: seeds of the
main vegetation, weed seeds, microorganisms,
and pests emit heat and moisture when they
breathe. Due to the poor thermal conductivity of
the raw material, heat accumulates in it, which
leads to an increase in temperature and humidity,
according to [3] the temperature in the seed mass
can be 65-
75 °С and higher.
Thus, all of the above factors contribute to a
significant increase in the overall loss of valuable
components in the raw material [16,17,18].
In addition to the above factors, the storage
period for oil raw materials is also important. The
time factor, which significantly affects the
qualitative and quantitative characteristics of raw
materials, should be considered an effective
means of managing the entire process of
processing agricultural products.
Processing industry processes. The processes of
the second group describing the direct industrial
processing of raw materials can be classified
according to the identification of their
physicochemical properties, i.e. material and
energetic internal connections.
For most of enterprises processing perishable
agricultural products, the following typical
processes can be distinguished: mechanical,
hydrodynamic, heat, mass exchange, and
chemical-biological processes [19-21].
These types of technological processes may differ
in terms of equipment design, properties of
processed substances, initial and final products,
etc. However, they are based on the same
principles. The conditionality of this classification
is, first of all, one or another set of processes
(combination of mass exchange with heat
exchange in certain hydrodynamic regimes, etc.)
found in most of the technological processes, and
this is done in the construction of mathematical
models. should be taken into account.
At the same time, the assessment of all industrial
processing processes should be carried out from
the point of view of their impact on the loss of
valuable components and the preservation of
quality indicators.
Analysis of a large group of technological devices
designed to extract valuable components from
raw materials, due to the nature of various
processes, shows that they all have a
characteristic feature: the number of valuable
components obtained from raw materials
significantly depends on the time of their stay in
the device. It follows that the residence time in the
device is, therefore, one of the important factors
from the point of view of the problems of optimal
management of the considered group of objects.
C
ONCLUSION
Volume 03 Issue 05-2023
30
International Journal of Advance Scientific Research
(ISSN
–
2750-1396)
VOLUME
03
ISSUE
05
Pages:
27-31
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.478
)
(2022:
5.636
)
(2023:
6.741
)
OCLC
–
1368736135
Thus, a brief review of the technological basis of
oil storage processes shows that, despite the
differences in hardware and technological plans,
these processes lead to a significant loss of raw
materials and semi-finished products. It is
important to note that loss increases with time in
raw material storage processes, and decreases in
processing. The mentioned situation shows the
expediency of considering the processes of the
first and second groups as a single technological
complex of "raw materials shop - raw materials
processing shop" in solving management issues
from the point of view of reducing the loss of
agricultural raw materials.
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