Volume 03 Issue 05-2023
205
International Journal of Advance Scientific Research
(ISSN
–
2750-1396)
VOLUME
03
ISSUE
05
Pages:
205-209
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.478
)
(2022:
5.636
)
(2023:
6.741
)
OCLC
–
1368736135
A
BSTRACT
The purpose of this article is to identify the unique characteristics of the development of international
tourism in the countries of South-East Asia. In it, the issues of increasing the efficiency of the use of the
region's tourism potential are examined, and the tasks and measures to be implemented are outlined.
K
EYWORDS
tourist center, service industry, tourist infrastructure, foreign tourists, foreign exchange earnings, tourism
export, tourism import, tourist services, tourism balance.
I
NTRODUCTION
Tourism is one of the world's primary economic
activities and a significant source of revenue for
many nations. Southeast Asia is a region whose
rich history, vibrant culture, and breathtaking
landscapes annually attract millions of travelers.
Southeast Asia is renowned for its enduring
allure, ancient settlements, gorgeous beaches,
pristine rainforests, delectable cuisine, and
hospitable people. Bali, Bangkok, Ho Chi Minh
City, Hanoi, Manila, Phuket, and Siem Reap are
among the most prominent tourist destinations in
the region. The World Tourism Organization
Journal
Website:
http://sciencebring.co
m/index.php/ijasr
Copyright:
Original
content from this work
may be used under the
terms of the creative
commons
attributes
4.0 licence.
Research Article
SPECIFIC CHARACTERISTICS OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF
INTERNATIONAL TOURISM IN THE COUNTRIES OF SOUTH-
EAST ASIA
Submission Date:
May 21, 2023,
Accepted Date:
May 26, 2023,
Published Date:
May 31, 2023
Crossref doi:
https://doi.org/10.37547/ijasr-03-05-34
Chori Kodirovich Khusanov
Candidate Of Economical Sciences, Dean Of The Faculty Of Economics, Politics And Tourism Of The East,
Tashkent State University Of Oriental Studies, Tashkent, Uzbekistan
Volume 03 Issue 05-2023
206
International Journal of Advance Scientific Research
(ISSN
–
2750-1396)
VOLUME
03
ISSUE
05
Pages:
205-209
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.478
)
(2022:
5.636
)
(2023:
6.741
)
OCLC
–
1368736135
(UNWTO) reports that international tourist
arrivals to Southeast Asia attained a record high
of over 125 million in 2019, a 7 percent increase
over 2018. According to this indicator, the region
accounts for 12 percent of global tourist arrivals
and is the world's third greatest tourist hub after
Europe and East Asia.
Sourse: АSEАNStаtsDаtаPоrtаl (12.04.2023)
Figure 1: Visits of international tourists to Southeast Asia in 2010-2019 (million people)
As shown in the graphic above, the number of
foreign tourists visiting the region has increased
substantially over the past decade. In particular,
this subregion received more than 73 million
international visitors in 2010, and this number is
expected to nearly double by 2019 to more than
143 million.
In turn, this contributes substantially to the
region's economy. Specifically, new employment
are being created in the service sector as a direct
result of the region's production sector. We can
also observe a significant increase in foreign
currency receipts. Figure 2 illustrates how the
enumerated factors contribute directly to the
region's gross domestic product.
73.7
81.2
89.2
102.2
105
108.9
115.5
125.7
135.1
143.4
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
2017
2018
2019
VISIT OF INTERNATIONAL TOURISTS
Visit of international tourists to Southeast Asia during 2010-2019
(million people)
Volume 03 Issue 05-2023
207
International Journal of Advance Scientific Research
(ISSN
–
2750-1396)
VOLUME
03
ISSUE
05
Pages:
205-209
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.478
)
(2022:
5.636
)
(2023:
6.741
)
OCLC
–
1368736135
Sourse: АSEАNStаtsDаtаPоrtаl (12.04.2023)
Figure 1: Visits of international tourists to Southeast Asia in 2010-2019 (million people)
As shown in the graphic above, the number of foreign tourists visiting the region has increased
substantially over the past decade. In particular, this subregion received more than 73 million international
visitors in 2010, and this number is expected to nearly double by 2019 to more than 143 million.
In turn, this contributes substantially to the region's economy. Specifically, new employment are being
created in the service sector as a direct result of the region's production sector. We can also observe a
significant increase in foreign currency receipts. Figure 2 illustrates how the enumerated factors
contribute directly to the region's gross domestic product.
Country
Income (USD million)
Expenditure (USD
milliоn)
Tourism bаlаnce
(USD milliоn)
Thаilаnd
60521,1
14238,1
46283
Mаlаysiа
19820
12381
7439
2,387
2,499
2,530
2,455
2,581
2,785
2,986
3,166
3,086.48
3300
233.94
253.68
270.45
298.56
322.96
353.35
373.43
393.12
180.21
143.25
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
2021
The share of tourism in the gross domestic product of the
region
2012-2021
The total GDP of the region is trillion dollars
The contribution of international tourism to the GDP of the region is billion dollars
Volume 03 Issue 05-2023
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International Journal of Advance Scientific Research
(ISSN
–
2750-1396)
VOLUME
03
ISSUE
05
Pages:
205-209
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.478
)
(2022:
5.636
)
(2023:
6.741
)
OCLC
–
1368736135
Vietnаm
11830
6150
5680
Indоnesiа
16912,1
11321
5591,1
Cаmbоdiа
4772,8
910,5
3862,3
Myаnmаr
2477,1
185,5
2291,6
Lаоs PDR
934,7
1024
-89,3
Brunei Dаrussаlаm
216,6
612,7
-396,1
Philippines
9806
12038
-2232
Singаpоre
20051,8
26604,9
-6553,1
Mаnbа: АSEАN stаts (25.04.2023)
Thus, based on the tourism balance indicator,
Southeast Asian nations can be categorized into
three groups:
1. Thailand, Malaysia, Vietnam, and Indonesia
have a high positive balance (above a tourism
balance of 4,000): Thailand, Malaysia, and
Indonesia. Due to its price competitiveness,
Malaysia has a high positive balance. Despite the
state's advanced level of development, it has
recently gained prominence as a tourist
destination. As a result, travelers can unwind in
the country without spending a fortune, despite
its proximity to Singapore. Thailand, Vietnam,
and Indonesia are developing nations with
prosperous tourism industries that attract
millions of travelers annually.
2. Cambodia and Myanmar have an average
positive balance (tourism balance from 1 to
3999). These nations are characterized by a low
level of economic development, but the tourism
services sector is one of their top economic
priorities, so their development indicators are
dependent on this industry. Not only does the
affordability of recreation attract millions of
visitors of all types, but also the variety of cultural
and natural sites.
3. Negative balance (tourism balance less than 0):
Laos, Brunei Darussalam, the Philippines, and
Singapore. Singapore and Brunei Darussalam are
the two wealthiest ASEAN nations. As a result,
these nations are regarded as the largest
importers of tourist services in the region, as their
citizens are able to continuously travel abroad.
Singapore has more foreign visitors than Brunei
Darussalam, however, due to its status as one of
the world's largest transportation hubs with a
significant number of daily transit flights.
Brunei's low arrival rate is also a result of its
Volume 03 Issue 05-2023
209
International Journal of Advance Scientific Research
(ISSN
–
2750-1396)
VOLUME
03
ISSUE
05
Pages:
205-209
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.478
)
(2022:
5.636
)
(2023:
6.741
)
OCLC
–
1368736135
political climate and level of development.
However, the country is developing economically
and its citizens live under Sharia law, which
imposes numerous restrictions on travelers and
can have a significant impact on the number of
visitors.
Even though the tourism sector is designated as a
priority in Laos, it is necessary to emphasize the
significance of increasing the country's level of
development in order to increase the tourism
sector's balance. Because it does not have access
to one of the most important and alluring
resources in the region - the sea - the state must
improve its infrastructure, protect cultural and
natural objects, and devise an effective
advertising campaign. In this case, the Philippines
have a very muddled outcome, as the country is
both developed and underdeveloped, and is also
dependent on international tourism. The
company's balance sheet should therefore be
positive. However, there is a trend of Filipinos
migrating illegally to developed nations. Due to
the fact that the entry into another country is on a
tourist visa or for touristic purposes, these cases
are included in the statistics, resulting in a
negative balance.
In recent years, the tourism industry in Southeast
Asia has also experienced significant growth, as a
result of factors such as increasing incomes,
increased travel opportunities, and an expanding
middle class in emerging markets. Increasing
demand for experiential and sustainable tourism,
as well as adventure and cultural tourism, has
altered the region's tourism type.
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