Volume 03 Issue 05-2023
131
International Journal of Advance Scientific Research
(ISSN
–
2750-1396)
VOLUME
03
ISSUE
05
Pages:
131-138
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.478
)
(2022:
5.636
)
(2023:
6.741
)
OCLC
–
1368736135
A
BSTRACT
In the conditions of economic reforms, it is becoming important to study how to increase the
competitiveness of the national economy by assessing the attractiveness and potential of the investment
environment, analysing the effect of the rational location of productive forces, carrying out interregional
natural-demographic, administrative-economic, regional investment policy, ensuring investment activity.
K
EYWORDS
Investment attractiveness of the country, investment, state, investments, level of economic development,
entrepreneur.
I
NTRODUCTION
The country's investment attractiveness is a set of
objective economic, social and natural signs,
tools, opportunities and restrictions that
determine the inflow of investment into the
territory and are evaluated by investment
activity. In recent years, in the context of the
prevailing COVID-19 pandemic in the countries of
the world, all economic values, international
organizations, and indicators related to the
development of regions are being reformed
separately. Among the indicators that ensure
investment attractiveness, taking into account
indicators related to safety, sanitation and health
of the population is gaining primary importance.
Journal
Website:
http://sciencebring.co
m/index.php/ijasr
Copyright:
Original
content from this work
may be used under the
terms of the creative
commons
attributes
4.0 licence.
Research Article
INCREASING INVESTMENT ATTRACTIVENESS IN THE
DEVELOPMENT OF THE NATIONAL ECONOMY
Submission Date:
May 20, 2023,
Accepted Date:
May 25, 2023,
Published Date:
May 30, 2023
Crossref doi:
https://doi.org/10.37547/ijasr-03-05-21
Vasila Usmanova
Assistant Of The Department Of "Economics And Management" Jizpi, Uzbekistan
Volume 03 Issue 05-2023
132
International Journal of Advance Scientific Research
(ISSN
–
2750-1396)
VOLUME
03
ISSUE
05
Pages:
131-138
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.478
)
(2022:
5.636
)
(2023:
6.741
)
OCLC
–
1368736135
In order to increase investment attractiveness,
the role of the state in attracting investment is
high, and it not only forms the country's
investment strategy, but also implements specific
measures for the conditions of investment
activity and its promotion, and creates a favorable
investment climate.
According to the scientists, "It is known that the
exact methodology for assessing the investment
attractiveness of the region is not determined by
any international standard or order, therefore,
recently, in particular, in the context of the
COVID-19 pandemic prevailing around the world,
various methodologies for calculating indicators
of investment attractiveness have been proposed
by scientists. Research related to ensuring the
attractiveness of the investment environment of
regions and the rational use of the factors
represented by its indicators, and their effective
management, is a relatively new direction, which
requires in-depth research in this regard.
Among the factors that an investor is guided by
when choosing a country for investment - natural
resources, market size, geographical location,
level of economic development, cultural and
economic environment, specific elements of the
government's economic policy (trade, industry,
budget, tax policy) are of primary importance. In
other words, the state's economic policy has a
major impact on the country's ability to attract
investment. Realizing the potential for positive
effects of foreign investment on the economy and
competitiveness, countries have significantly
lowered investment barriers in recent years,
thereby opening more sectors to foreign direct
investment flows, attempting to improve the
overall investment climate, and providing various
incentives to foreign investors.
"Forbes magazine, which reflects various aspects
of
economic
life,
evaluates
investment
attractiveness according to 6 groups of
parameters. These are: social characteristics,
population's solvency, business environment,
ability to withstand crises, infrastructure,
comfort. The weight of each parameter of the
group is evaluated by the interests of the potential
investor aimed at organizing his business and
meeting the needs of the population.
Entrepreneurship and investment activities, the
economic situation of the country depend to a
certain extent on the state policy. By its actions,
the state can speed up or slow down these
processes. In any country, if the state does not
provide the necessary conditions, the economy
cannot develop at a normal level, and investments
will not be made.
The investment climate is the most important
factor influencing the determination of
investment policy formation criteria. On the one
hand, the investment climate determines the
initial conditions for the development of
investment policy, and on the other hand, it is
considered its result. In the priority sectors of the
economy of the Republic of Uzbekistan. Foreign is
one of the main means of fundamental structural
changes is the state policy on attracting
investments to the economy. Without attracting
large investment resources. It is impossible to
create an efficient economy and of any country. It
Volume 03 Issue 05-2023
133
International Journal of Advance Scientific Research
(ISSN
–
2750-1396)
VOLUME
03
ISSUE
05
Pages:
131-138
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.478
)
(2022:
5.636
)
(2023:
6.741
)
OCLC
–
1368736135
is especially new to abandon the use of foreign
investments economic development of the
country in the period of application of
technologies means to be left behind. Stability;
costs, risk and minimization of restrictions on the
development of competition, welfare of society.
It is known that the exact methodology for
assessing the country's investment attractiveness
is not defined by any international law, therefore,
recently various methodologies are being used to
calculate indicators of investment attractiveness.
According to some economists, investment
attractiveness is determined by the level of
income from investment. This approach covers a
very narrow field of application, because in order
to get accurate and correct results, investments
should be made at the same level of risk (danger),
which is almost impossible in practice.
"Also, there are a number of approaches based on
the interpretation of the investment volume and
analysis of their horizontal and vertical structure
in order to determine the investment
attractiveness. Using it, it is possible to make a
conclusion about the favorable (unfavorable)
condition of the area. The main disadvantage of
this approach is that it takes a superficial view of
the investment process. Separate descriptions of
investments do not indicate the real state of the
investment sector and do not reflect the internal
capabilities and prospects of the country. In
addition to these, views defining investment
attractiveness as a combination of socio-political,
natural-economic
and
psychological
characteristics
are
widespread.
Such
methodology of investment attractiveness used
by "Euromoney" consists of nine different
indicators.
These are: economic efficiency, political risk,
indebtedness, debt coverage (default or extension
of payment obligations), solvency, bank loans,
access to loan capital, force majeure situations.
The importance of these indicators is determined
by an expert or by calculation and analysis. They
are calculated on a 10-point scale and are then
weighted according to one or another indicator
and its contribution to the final evaluation.
Investment attractiveness index of regions is
calculated based on six elements. according to the
obtained data, the investment attractiveness of
the regions can be divided into three groups
(Table 1).
The first group includes the city of Tashkent,
Tashkent, Kashkadarya, Andijan and Fergana
regions and they are the most convenient for
investors (index 0.755-0.347). The high level of
investment attractiveness in these regions is
determined by the natural and economic
potential, infrastructure, including the level of
development of transport and information and
communication networks.
The second group consists of Samarkand,
Bukhara, Navoi and Namangan regions (index
0.322-0.288). These areas are determined by the
interest of foreign investors in the operation of
mining and processing enterprises.
The third group includes relatively less developed
regions - Khorezm, Surkhandarya, Jizzakh,
Syrdarya regions and the Republic of
Volume 03 Issue 05-2023
134
International Journal of Advance Scientific Research
(ISSN
–
2750-1396)
VOLUME
03
ISSUE
05
Pages:
131-138
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.478
)
(2022:
5.636
)
(2023:
6.741
)
OCLC
–
1368736135
Karakalpakstan (0.284-0.234). The participation
of the state in attracting foreign investments to
these regions should be high.
Investment attractiveness of the regions of Uzbekistan defining elements
Table 1
Regions
The level of
general
economic
developme
nt of the
region
The
provision
of
financial
resources
of the
region
The level of
development
of
investment
infrastructur
e
The level of
institutional
change and
developmen
t
Absolute
integral
indicator
Karakalpakstan
Republic of
0,0064
0,121
0,085
0,559
0,234
Andijan
0,341
0,151
0,276
0,560
0,367
Bukhara
0,304
0,144
0,165
0,509
0,315
Jizzakh
0,198
0,049
0,075
0,496
0,151
Kashkadarya
0,362
0,542
0,266
0,370
0,382
Navoi
0,536
0,189
0,218
0,348
0,338
Namangan
0,141
0,118
0,183
0,531
0,285
Samarkand
0,181
0,234
0,154
0,607
0,322
Surkhandarya
0,150
0,101
0,104
0,549
0,250
Syr Darya
0,185
0,037
0,147
0,317
0,247
Tashkent
0,434
0,197
0,366
0,611
0,404
Ferghana
0,317
0,241
0,331
0,289
0,347
Khorezm
0,171
0,113
0,199
0,529
0,284
Tashkent
0,837
0,793
0,701
0,580
0,755
Volume 03 Issue 05-2023
135
International Journal of Advance Scientific Research
(ISSN
–
2750-1396)
VOLUME
03
ISSUE
05
Pages:
131-138
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.478
)
(2022:
5.636
)
(2023:
6.741
)
OCLC
–
1368736135
Significant progress can be made in improving the
investment climate through a rational investment
policy.
First, to accelerate the flow of foreign investments
that the state creates not only a favorable but also
a competitive investment climate must That is,
the restructuring of our country's economy.
Foreign
investments
necessary
for
the
implementation of investments placement
conditions regarding the attraction of foreign
investment only if it is better than that of
competing countries possible For countries
transitioning to a market economy, foreign
investments are primarily modern technological,
management and necessary as a source of
information innovation. In this, not only external,
but it would be appropriate to consider domestic
investments as well was It is necessary to make
full use of the existing economic potential of
investment financing in the country.
Secondly, one of the main principles of
investment climate formation is stability. To
encourage private foreign investment into our
economy not only the perfection of the
investment climate, but also the stability of the
created conditions and its guarantee is important.
Third, the investment climate is a key player in
the system are private investors. Private
investors own taking into account the
possibilities and developed strategies to invest in
technology, construction, ITTKI(NIOKR) and
other fields they decide. Of course, profit is at the
heart of such decisions. There is a principle that
includes costs, risk and competition are affected
by the limitations of the environment. Direct
private investment therefore, it affects economic
growth and the standard of living of the
population. To achieve these main goals, the state
investment climate should carry out the
formation policy. Conduct such a policy costs,
risks and entrepreneurial activities goals of
minimizing restrictions on development lies.
Fourth, the main participants in investment
processes despite the fact that they are
investment entities, the creation of a favorable
investment climate is the well-being of the entire
society should serve on the way. That is, the state,
while creating favorable conditions for business,
also envisages social goals must. One of the main
directions of economic reforms in our republic.
One is an attractive investment policy, taking into
account the above was developed. Attractive for
investment activities in Uzbekistan creation of
conditions is closely related to state activity
includes three directions:
-
the risk of investing in the country's economy
creating a favorable investment climate that
allows for reduction;
-
the legal basis of the activity of national and
foreign investors development;
-
the main goal is the maximum possible
amount of investments encourage investment
that is attraction.
It is known from world practice that one of the
main means of struggle for foreign investors is the
existing investment climate
improve
investment
regimes
through
liberalization. Creating free foreign direct
Volume 03 Issue 05-2023
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International Journal of Advance Scientific Research
(ISSN
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2750-1396)
VOLUME
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Pages:
131-138
SJIF
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MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.478
)
(2022:
5.636
)
(2023:
6.741
)
OCLC
–
1368736135
investment regimes is really only the starting
point of a strategy to attract investment.
Can be One of the most important next steps is
such a regimen promote the presence and
potential investors to the country is to ensure that
they are fully aware of the benefits of investing.
Foreign investment for the recipient country.
Recognizing its importance, several developing
and transition countries have attracted foreign
direct investment flows to their economies. Made
great efforts to Therefore, investment promotion
(encouragement) to improve the investment
climate and directly one of the most important
tools for attracting foreign investments became.
Increasing competition among developing
countries to attract foreign direct investment
national establishment of specially structured
investment promotion agencies founded to do.
Nowadays, with the attraction of foreign
investments in the world There are 160 agencies
involved. Few studies in this field results show
that when transition countries have effective
foreign investor support agencies can attract
more foreign direct investment.
Investment promotion of the country of
investment to disseminate information about the
image or to create an image actions and
investment services for prospective investors can
be defined as showing. Implemented by the state
increased targeted investment promotion efforts
attracting not only foreign investment to the
country, but also national and domestic business
in accordance with the interests of foreign
entrepreneurs can be a vehicle for significant
changes in the environment.
The attitude that the foreign investor faces in the
recipient country plays an important role.
National Agency of Foreign Investments in Russia,
"KazInvest" in the Republic of Kazakhstan,
National Agency for Investment Attraction in the
Republic of Moldova, in the Czech Republic
There are national investment agencies such as
"ChexInvest".
Some
countries
(Thailand,
Philippines, Malaysia) are mostly industrialized
"Boards of Investment" with branches in
countries
–
investment created agencies.
One of the processes involved in making an
investment is the approval of an investment
project, which is one of the most important issues
in investment reforms.
In some countries, this process takes a long time
and increases the costs of investors. Therefore, in
addition to investment promotion agencies, many
countries have "One-stop-offices" or "onestop-
shops". These agencies help attract investments
and speed up their formalization and simplifies.
Establishing relations with foreign business to
create a positive investment image of the country
and in the imagination of foreign entrepreneurs
to create a new entrepreneurial view of
Uzbekistan, to form an attractive image of the
Republic of Uzbekistan on the world stage it is
necessary to implement the following measures:
1.Implementation of information support
(supply) and active dissemination of necessary
Volume 03 Issue 05-2023
137
International Journal of Advance Scientific Research
(ISSN
–
2750-1396)
VOLUME
03
ISSUE
05
Pages:
131-138
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.478
)
(2022:
5.636
)
(2023:
6.741
)
OCLC
–
1368736135
information and foreign investors the ability to
receive without barriers. With the real situation
in our country Not all investors are familiar.
Transparency of the authorities is one of the main
factors in the investor's decision-making.
Openness investors need to make a decision
about makes a judgment based on the possibility
of obtaining information without obstacles. This
current legal base of the whole country and
individual regions development indicators and
forecasts, a list of existing investment projects,
about successful investment projects data and
any other information necessary for the investor.
2. Another possibility of attracting investors is
this about investment opportunities in our
country aimed at informing a wide range of
potential investors organization of forums,
conferences, fairs and other events. Forums for
investors, investment in Uzbekistan and its
regions should give explanations about the
advantages of its activity.
3. To create a program of communication
behavior that activates business with chambers of
commerce, organizations and offices of foreign
countries.
4. In addition to the positive changes in the
legislation, go systematically. The campaign has a
great impact on the investment climate of our
country shows. Propaganda work should be
carried out at all levels, that is, ministries,
regional administrative management systems
and business communities. Various guides for the
investor should be developed. They mainly have
to solve 3 tasks: the first propaganda, that is,
investors can invest in Uzbekistan and explaining
that this is a useful job; the second task is
investment how to implement input: what to
consider, what should not be forgotten and the
preparation of the investment project and the
sequence in which the validation steps are
performed show Such manuals are from foreign
business representatives to be interested in their
investments in our country and to avoid making
mistakes due to ignorance of our legislation
should be an effective tool to help.
The creation of an investment climate does not
require the automatic formation of an investment
image. As the image has been built up over the
years, this measure has the potential to be
consistently implemented and extended for years
to come strengthens the positive perception of
our country by investors. Positive image
investment decisions. Although it is not a decisive
factor in the acceptance, it is the investors to the
country, It is necessary to increase the interest.
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Volume 03 Issue 05-2023
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International Journal of Advance Scientific Research
(ISSN
–
2750-1396)
VOLUME
03
ISSUE
05
Pages:
131-138
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.478
)
(2022:
5.636
)
(2023:
6.741
)
OCLC
–
1368736135
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