Volume 03 Issue 05-2023
88
International Journal of Advance Scientific Research
(ISSN
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2750-1396)
VOLUME
03
ISSUE
05
Pages:
88-93
SJIF
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MPACT
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(2021:
5.478
)
(2022:
5.636
)
(2023:
6.741
)
OCLC
–
1368736135
A
BSTRACT
Folk poets used the elements of language to decorate the artistic language in order to describe the events
of the epic in an extremely interesting and exciting way. Usually, high goya is manifested through high
artistry in folklore works.
K
EYWORDS
Poet, epic, folklore, language.
I
NTRODUCTION
The greatness of folklore is also in this high
artistry. And this is expressed through a beautiful,
juicy, attractive artistic language. Phraseological
units found in Uzbek folk epics are diverse
according to their semantic-stylistic nature and
have their own characteristics. Phrases are
unique figurative expressions of conclusions
made by the people based on observation of
events in life, evaluation of acceptable and
unacceptable actions in society, summarization of
life experiences. The size of the phraseological
meaning differs from the size of the lexical
meaning by its breadth and complexity.
Components that are not found in the meaning of
the word are present in the meaning of
phraseologisms. Phraseologisms are a spiritual
treasure that further enriches the language and
its content. According to the structure of
Journal
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Research Article
LINGUISTIC ANALYSIS OF PHRASEOLOGICAL UNITS IN THE
LANGUAGE OF FOLK EPICS
Submission Date:
May 16, 2023,
Accepted Date:
May 21, 2023,
Published Date:
May 26, 2023
Crossref doi:
https://doi.org/10.37547/ijasr-03-05-14
Dilnoza Fazullayeva Narimonovna
Ph.D. of Philosophy, Associate Professor, JDPU, Uzbekistan
Volume 03 Issue 05-2023
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International Journal of Advance Scientific Research
(ISSN
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VOLUME
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Pages:
88-93
SJIF
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(2021:
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(2022:
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phraseologisms, it is a word combination or a
lexical unit that is equivalent to a sentence,
semantically a whole, has a generalized meaning,
is not created in the process of speech, but is
included in the speech ready. According to A.
Mamatov, one of the scientists who conducted
research on the scientific-practical research of
phraseologisms in Uzbek linguistics, phrases are
a separate unit of the language, and according to
their structure, they contain a few figurative,
stable word combinations that are equivalent to a
free connection or a sentence, fully or partially
semantically reshaped. The phraseological fund
of the language is considered a valuable source of
information about the culture and mentality of
the people. Phraseologisms include myths,
customs,
legends,
customs,
traditions,
spirituality, morals, etc. of a certain nation. his
imagination will be embodied.
In this section, we will describe some of their
lexical-semantic, thematic and methodological
features, as well as think about stylistic clichés
and stylistic figures, which are stylistically
specific for the language of Uzbek folk epics, and
phraseological units that perform a special
function in the artistic language of epics. It is
known that any phrase that is ready-made in our
language
differs
from
other
language
combinations by a number of specific features.
Therefore, the properties of words are
characteristic of phrases, as well as the nature of
all types of phraseological units. Therefore, they
are both language and speech phenomenon. The
study of such features has little history in Uzbek
phraseology. In the organization of Uzbek
phraseology, the researches of a number of
scientists such as Shavkat Rahmatullaev, Iristoy
Kochkortoev, Khudoyberdi Doniyorov, Anvar
Shomaqsudov, Ergash Umarov, Abdumurod
Mamatov, Bekmurod Yoldoshev, Abdugaffor
Mamatov are of little importance. Phraseology as
an independent branch of our linguistics has
achieved much better results in recent years.
They mainly thought about the structural,
semantic, grammatical and methodological
features of phraseological units in the Uzbek
language. The organization of phraseology in
Uzbek linguistics dates back to the end of the 19th
century and the beginning of the 20th century. In
those times, phraseological units were organized
primarily as lexicographic objects. The main focus
was on explaining the meaning of phraseological
units and defining and explaining their
etymology. To prove our point, we show A.
Starchevsky's dictionary "Sputnik russkogo
cheloveka v Sredney Azii" consisting of 13
thousand Uzbek words and phrases published in
1878, as well as Sh. Ishaev's dictionary "Kratkiy
russkogo-sartovskii i sartovskii-russkiy slovar"
published in 1880 possible One of the important
works in the history of Uzbek phraseology is Z.A.
Alekseev's dictionary "Frazy na sartovskom
yazyke" published in 1884. In it, phraseological
units are studied by separating them into
thematic groups, therefore, the main attention is
paid to revealing their scope and semantic nature.
One of the lovers of Uzbek phraseology in the
literal sense, the well-known Turkologist D.
Polivanov, published in 1926, which contains 4.5
thousand words and phrases, is worth showing as
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an example. This dictionary is also slightly
different in quantity and quality from the
previous ones, mainly with FBs related to
customization.
"Uzbeksko-russkiy
slovar"
published in 1927 by K. Yudakhin, who holds a
special place in Uzbek phraseology, contains
more than 9,000 words and phrases. The
theoretical foundations of Uzbek phraseology
began to be organized later. In recent years, a
number of monographs, dissertations, hundreds
of scientific articles devoted to the issues of Uzbek
phraseology have been written, in which various
aspects of phraseology have begun to be
organized.
Khucucan,
grammatical
characteristics of phraseological units, their
semantic nature, word structure, variant of
phraseological expressions; classification of
different structural (level) phraseological units; A
number of aspects such as the translation of
Uzbek phrases (phrases) into foreign languages,
the existence of homonymy, synonymy,
antonymy, and polysemy in phraseological units
were well organized. But despite this, some
aspects of Uzbek phraseology are still not
sufficiently organized. Because the subject and
object of phraseological units, the criteria and
limits of phraseologisms, the relation of
phraseology to sound, its constant acquisition of
mobile meaning, expressiveness, emotionality
and imagery, their comparative comparison,
revealing the nature of phrases specific to other
languages in their composition, the enrichment of
the phraseological fund of the Uzbek language,
The phraseological innovation of our writers and
poets in expansion, especially folklore works,
epics and fairy tales, which are considered to be a
broad field, is waiting for few researchers to
reveal the nature of colorful phraseological
expressions.
Folk oral art, epics, various legends and
narratives form phraseologisms, polish them,
turn them into people's property. Consequently,
in the great epics such as Alpomish, Gorogli,
Rustamkhan, Kuntugmish, the ancient and ever-
popular language of the Uzbek people is
illuminated with all its possibilities and beauty.
"You will be amazed to see the unique and
extremely delicate phrases in the Alpomish saga.
One of those expressions is to lead the
conversation. "Let not our walk be a reproach."
The alternative of this expression in our modern
language is the direct action of the sentence. The
phrase "to lead the speech" is so sharp and short
that the part of the sentence moves directly, is
capable of active action, only it is used for ugly
purposes. This phrase, consisting of the words
"talk" and "to lead", is full of subtleties of meaning
and witty gestures, and as a unique expression, it
gave a cork to the poem and artistic content. Both
theoretical and practical issues of Uzbek
phraseology are inextricably linked with a
number of major works of Sh. Rakhmatullaev. In
particular, Sh. Rakhmatullaev's monograph on
some issues of Uzbek phraseology, published in
1966, discussed issues such as polysemy,
homonymy, variation, antonymy, and homonymy
in phraseological units. Within the framework of
the issue of communication, opinions have found
little theoretical description. More specifically,
this monograph of Sh.Rakhmatullaev sheds light
on the relation to the analytical forms of
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SJIF
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phraseological units and discusses their criteria
and criteria that differ from aphorisms and
proverbial phraseology.
In Uzbek linguistics, phraseological units in the
language of artistic works are also somewhat well
developed,
especially
the
phraseological
innovation of Abdulla Kahhor (I. Kochkortoev,
1965), phraseology in the language of Hamid
Olimjon's works (Ya. Pinkhasov, 1953),
phraseology in Aydin's prose (Kh. Kahhorova,
1985). separate scientific studies were created on
the topics. In addition to these, the nature of
phraseology (A. Abdunazarov, 1968) in the
Mushtum satirical magazine (for example, 1968),
research works such as A. Isaev's somatic (koz)
phraseology in the Uzbek language (1976) in the
study of the division of Uzbek phraseology into
lexical-semantic, thematic groups are also
diachronic, was also implemented in a
synchronous plan. One of the semantic-stylistic
works in Uzbek phraseology is Abdugaffor
Mamatov's study of the semantic-stylistic
features of emotional evaluative phraseology in
the Uzbek language (1988). In recent years,
Abdumurod
Mamatov,
Suyun
Karimov,
Bekmurod Yoldoshev and Ergash Umarov have
created important studies and monographs on
Uzbek phraseology, and they are one of our great
achievements in the field of phraseology. In them,
the phraseological norm, innovation, functional-
methodical features of phraseologisms are
detailed, and opinions based on theoretical and
practical conclusions based on broad linguistic
facts are found. When it comes to the nature of
phraseological units, the main characteristics of
FB in world idioms are expressed in the following:
1. Phraseological integrity (unity). 2. FB has a
mobile meaning. 3. Imagery. Are the FBs found in
the language of Uzbek folk epics the same as the
FBs found in the Uzbek literary language or do
they have their own characteristics? The first
thoughts about this were mentioned in the
candidate's dissertation of the representative of
Uzbek linguo-folkloristics Salohiddin Tursunov
on the topic of lexical features of the Alpomish
epic (1990). The result of our observations is to
dwell on the nature and function of FBs specific to
the language of epics, which are found only in the
language of several Uzbek folk epics or in a few
epics sung by one Bakhshi. It should be noted that
the series of phraseological units found in the
language of Uzbek folk epics is divided into two
main types.
First of all, we should differentiate between the
terms folklore phraseology and phraseological
units specific to the language of folklore works,
and by folklore phraseology we mean a series of
fixed phrases found in every folklore work, and by
phraseological units specific to folklore works we
mean phraseological units specific to one or
another genre of Uzbek folklore according to our
age-old tradition. must In our opinion, this
criterion should be considered as the main unit of
measurement when distinguishing FBs in folklore
works and, moreover, in the language of Uzbek
folk epics. It is natural that such a differentiation
helps to evaluate the artistic skills and innovation
of the Uzbek folk singers who are eloquent. The
thematic description of phraseologisms in the
Uzbek folk epic, whose scope of use is not limited,
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can be given as follows. The ready use of
phraseological units in the Uzbek language
system in speech is explained by the adaptation of
the language as a social phenomenon to the tasks
related to various spheres of human activity. The
scope and characteristics of words show that
language tools are divided according to types of
speech, and this situation is a combination of
several
styles
of
literary
language.
Characterization of language tools according to a
certain functional style is observed not only in the
lexicon, but also in phraseology, like other levels
of the language. When we say functional style
(style), we mean a complex speech system, which
is distinguished by the relative stability of
elements in its few components. Methodological
classification of words or phrases is closely
connected with their emotional-expressive
properties. If phraseological units, like lexical
units, are equal and understandable for everyone,
they are called universal phraseology. From a
methodological point of view, they are not
characterized by a particular stylistic appearance.
Such phraseological units form a certain part of
the lexical structure of Uzbek folk epics. This, in
turn, helps to express the few works of eloquent
folk poets with juicy language, impressively,
figuratively.
It is not without reason that the Uzbek national
poet Hamid Olimjon Fazil, while preparing the
Alpomish saga sung by the poet, was surprised by
the colorfulness of the linguistic and
phraseological units in it, and predicted that
"Alpomish" reflects the linguistic richness of the
entire Uzbek language. The results of our
observations show that the phraseologisms found
in the epics sung by Ergash Jumanbulbul are
completely different from each other in terms of
nature, composition and quantity compared to
the phraseologisms in the epics of Fazil poet,
Islam poet, and Polkan poets. One of the objective
and subjective reasons for this, in our opinion, is
that the poet Ergash was a literate poet who
attended a madrasa. At the same time, he wrote 5-
6 epics with little left at the request of one of the
enthusiastic founders of Uzbek folkloristics,
Professor Khodi Zarif. So, when this or that epic is
examined from a linguistic point of view, who?
when? and to what extent? it is necessary to take
into account the fact that he sang and recorded it.
Commonly used phraseology in the language of
Uzbek folk epics, such as Alpomish, Kholdorkhan,
Kuntugmish, which we organized as an object, are
related to various aspects of human life according
to their semantic characteristics. They mainly
serve to attractively and impressively express the
processes related to human psychology.
Phraseologisms are used to express such
characteristics as courage, dreams, goals,
happiness, sadness, and suffering of characters in
epics. Consider the following examples: The two
of them went to the window of the Shahimardan
bridge, the widow took a ride, and went on a
journey for three days without stopping.
(Alpomish, p. 6). Well, then, we also left the sea of
the world. (Alpomish, p. 6). After hearing this
song, he was happy that the dances had a good
time and that our wish was granted, and he rode
off. (Alpomish, p. 7). The two of them said: If we
do the same royal thing, if we go hunting, children
will fall on the earth. Everyone, like you, opened
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their eyes and started a business to pay Zakat
("Alpomish, p. 18). It can be seen from the
examples that our storytellers used common
phraseology wisely and correctly, because they
knew well every word and phrase or proverb. In
the artistic language of Uzbek folk epics, not only
FBs that are understandable for the general
public, but also FBs that are unique to a certain
region are sufficient for a simple, lively setting.
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A.
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