Volume 03 Issue 07-2023
17
International Journal of Advance Scientific Research
(ISSN
–
2750-1396)
VOLUME
03
ISSUE
07
Pages:
17-21
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.478
)
(2022:
5.636
)
(2023:
6.741
)
OCLC
–
1368736135
A
BSTRACT
This article talks about a new approach to teaching examples of world literature - culturology. Scientific
studies on the etymology of the term culturology are considered. Practical conclusions are given about the
cultural approach and the advantages of using it in the teaching of works of world literature.
K
EYWORDS
Approach, principle, culture, reform, method, teaching, research, experience, practice, qualification,
modernization, reform, educational model.
I
NTRODUCTION
The reforms implemented in the education
system caused major changes in the practice of
general education schools in many respects. Also,
great success was achieved in the field of
modernization of the education system based on
world educational standards. In addition, the
translation of the world's best works into Uzbek
and its introduction into school textbooks caused
significant changes in literature textbooks. 376 of
the Cabinet of Ministers of the Republic of
Uzbekistan dated May 18, 2018 "On measures to
improve the system of translation and publication
of the best examples of world literature into
Uzbek and masterpieces of Uzbek literature into
foreign languages" Decision No. - can be said to be
the basis of high attention to world literature. For
example, first of all, on the improvement of
reading culture, the President of the Republic of
Journal
Website:
http://sciencebring.co
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Copyright:
Original
content from this work
may be used under the
terms of the creative
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4.0 licence.
Research Article
TERM AND CONTENT OF CULTURAL APPROACH IN ARTISTIC
LITERATURE
Submission Date:
July 01, 2023,
Accepted Date:
July 05, 2023,
Published Date:
July 11, 2023
Crossref doi:
https://doi.org/10.37547/ijasr-03-07-04
Sharofat Abdurahmonova
Tashkent State Named After Alisher Navoi University Of Uzbek Language And Literature Foundation
Doctoral Student, Uzbekistan
Volume 03 Issue 07-2023
18
International Journal of Advance Scientific Research
(ISSN
–
2750-1396)
VOLUME
03
ISSUE
07
Pages:
17-21
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.478
)
(2022:
5.636
)
(2023:
6.741
)
OCLC
–
1368736135
September 13, 2017 "Comprehensive program of
measures to develop the system of publication
and distribution of book products, increase and
promote book reading and reading culture" The
entry into force of the Decision No. PQ-3271 has
caused a fundamental change in the attitude
towards fiction books in our country.
Along with the radical reformation of school
literature textbooks, it can be said that the
enrichment of the world's best works is the most
primary achievement achieved in education. In
addition, from the point of view of the genre, the
issue of classification into classes has been
somewhat improved from the previous situation.
The range of artistic works included in the
textbooks is also diverse in terms of nationalities.
In particular, if we used to get acquainted with the
works of Russian, Georgian, Indian, English,
French, and Italian nationalities from Western
literature, now we have never been taught in our
textbooks before, Greek, Spanish, Irish, American,
and German works of art. We had the opportunity
to get acquainted with the artistic world of
famous writers such as Homer, Langston Hughes,
Ray Bradbury, Jules Verne, Arthur Conan Doyle,
Ernest Hemingway, Erich Maria Remarque. This
brings to light the need for modern teachers to
update their knowledge related to the cultural
and historical life of these peoples. Already, "The
teacher himself should be a person who can infect
children with thoughts and feelings, instill in
them not only a thirst for knowledge, but also a
great sense of suffering and responsibility for all
the events that are happening on earth. need” [1]
. The textbooks created on the basis of the
requirements of the modern times require great
enthusiasm and great responsibility from the
literature teacher: a boring lesson is not only
useless, but also harmful" [2] .
T
HE MAIN PART
In order to effectively teach new examples of
world literature, to be able to do a comparative
analysis of the characteristics of the work, and to
understand the essence of the work at the level of
the fundamental basis and to put it into practice,
of course, relying on the knowledge previously
learned by the teacher, about the cultural basis of
the peoples of the world. knowledge must also be
available. Because analyzing a work of a different
nation from the point of view of one's own nation
will never lead the reader to the right conclusion.
If the primary one leads to a misinterpretation of
this work, the secondary, the realization of the
purpose of mastering the artistic work loses its
essence by itself: to reach it. This situation should
be the basis of the analysis of the artistic text" [3].
To fully feel the charm of an artistic text, to feel its
aesthetic pleasure is the main goal of studying an
artistic work, the most basic logic and the most
correct and only way to get to the essence of the
work. Taking this into account, the consistent
study of cultural principles specific to peoples is
one of the current issues of today. This approach
creates the need to systematize the basis of social
and cultural knowledge aimed at a deep
understanding of the literature of different
nations.
"The
socio-cultural
approach
implemented in the teaching of pedagogical
sciences allows to show the pedagogical reality as
Volume 03 Issue 07-2023
19
International Journal of Advance Scientific Research
(ISSN
–
2750-1396)
VOLUME
03
ISSUE
07
Pages:
17-21
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.478
)
(2022:
5.636
)
(2023:
6.741
)
OCLC
–
1368736135
a reflection of the changes taking place in society,
as a manifestation of new trends in the
pedagogical culture of this society. The
development of a person is always a unique
historical process, so it is necessary to study the
characteristics of the state of society and the type
of culture that corresponds to it in preparation for
pedagogical activity"[4] .
D
ISCUSSION
Although the term culture entered the vocabulary
of European peoples at the end of the 19th
century, it was actively used as a phenomenon in
the 60s of the 20th century. Raymond Williams's
term "cultural materialism", Stephen Greenblatt's
"cultural poetics" and Bakhtin's "cultural prosaic"
caused the acceleration of the first stage of
development of the field of culture. "In that
period, with the works of English cultural
scientists Richard Hoggart "The Use of Literacy"
(1957), Raymond Williams "Culture and Society"
(1958), the ground was created for the deep roots
of modern cultural studies, and even the
atmosphere of "Cultural Studies Debate" began to
take shape. "[5] .
The term "culture" is translated from the Latin
"cultura" in the meaning of "working the land",
"tending" and later in the meaning of "to be
enlightened", "educated", "to be knowledgeable".
lanned. In Russian sources, many Latin meanings
of this word are given, such as "cultivate",
"educate", "give education", "develop", "respect"
[6]. Italian scientists interpret this term from the
Latin language with meanings such as "to grow",
"to pass" [7] . In its translation from Arabic, there
is information that the word "cultural" is derived
from the root of the term "madinat" and its
alternative means "urban".This word also means
"colorful" in Arabic. The ancient Hellenic peoples
considered
their
main
difference
from
"uncivilized" barbarians to be "educated"
("paidei") [8] . In addition, according to American
cultural studies scientists A. Kreber, K. Klackhon:
"In 1952, the number of definitions given to the
cultural phenomenon was 164, and in the latest
literature, it can be observed that this number is
more than 400" [9]. Although the meaning of the
term culture has a polysemantic nature, it
embodies similar meanings in terms of content:
"European peoples used the term "culture" side
by side with the concept of "mental and moral
culture". It is understood that the concept of
"Culture" has not changed its essence from
ancient times to the present, despite its various
interpretations" [10] . The Soviet Marxist
philosopher G. I. Oyzerman explains the
importance of the term culture within the scope
of the science of philosophy as follows: "If any
philosophy cannot perceive the phenomenon of
culture and cannot define the term "culture", then
it has no value, because philosophy is a scientific,
theoretical, is the methodological core” [11] . The
essence of the term culture "in the broadest sense,
this word means something developed, cared for
and created by man, as opposed to something that
has not changed in nature. It can be understood as
the sum of achievements of human civilization. In
a narrow sense, the forms of artistic expression
are united behind the term "culture" [12].
Cultural scientist M. Abdullayev says that
Volume 03 Issue 07-2023
20
International Journal of Advance Scientific Research
(ISSN
–
2750-1396)
VOLUME
03
ISSUE
07
Pages:
17-21
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.478
)
(2022:
5.636
)
(2023:
6.741
)
OCLC
–
1368736135
understanding culture as a set of values created
by man ensures that the meaning of this word is
revealed more clearly. "In the concept of culture,
in addition to the biological forms of life, in
addition to the specific characteristics of human
activity, the qualitative uniqueness of this activity
is expressed in certain stages of historical
development, in a certain historical period, in
national and ethnic development. ”[13] .
"Culture covers everything, it affects all aspects of
life, and it cannot be limited to the sphere of art.
Culture is not only theater, cinema, music,
choreography or visual arts, culture is the values
reflected in the best traditions of peoples, deep
and solid knowledge, creative and highly effective
work for the benefit of society, and truly humane
social relations" [14 ] . In a broad sense, the term
culture is expressed in a certain level of historical
development of society and people, in various
aspects of people's life and activities, as well as in
the material and spiritual wealth created by them.
In a narrow sense, it is used only in the field of
spiritual life of people. Literature deals with this
narrow meaning of culture.
C
ONCLUSION
During the teaching of works of world literature,
the reader should be able to correctly assess the
national mentality, to be able to analyze and
interpret the work at the level of the author, and
to fully enjoy the aesthetic pleasure of the literary
function. The main function of the approach is to
teach based on the cultural approach, to teach
them to learn the content deeply and clearly
through this principle. In today's developing
complex and fast time, one of the important tasks
is to direct the achievements of global
information communication to the field of
education and to form the skill of integrating it
into practice.
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Kan-Kalik A. V., Khazan V. I. Psihologo-
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osnovy
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/
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(ISSN
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VOLUME
03
ISSUE
07
Pages:
17-21
SJIF
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MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.478
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(2022:
5.636
)
(2023:
6.741
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