Volume 03 Issue 10-2023
142
International Journal of Advance Scientific Research
(ISSN
–
2750-1396)
VOLUME
03
ISSUE
10
Pages:
142-146
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.478
)
(2022:
5.636
)
(2023:
6.741
)
OCLC
–
1368736135
A
BSTRACT
In this article, the writer, poet, literary scholar Sadriddin Aini's work “Namunayi adabiyoti tojik”
(Exemplary Tajik literature), its sources, compositional structure, how it has been researched by experts,
the history of our classical literature, modern literature and the scientific significance of the work in Uzbek
criticism are discussed.
K
EYWORDS
Tazkira, literary history, literary criticism, modern literature, textual studies, source studies.
I
NTRODUCTION
It is an ancient and rich spiritual and educational
treasure - to study the history of Uzbek literature,
to get acquainted with the eternal literary
heritage of our ancestors, to ensure that the next
generation will use this heritage as a true heir, to
tell the youth how important it is. should be an
important requirement of the time. It is not a
secret that the literary studies of the 20th century
did not pay much attention to the seriousness of
this issue. Of course, scientific research carried
out by our hard-working scientist is excluded
from this. It is more about the approach of the era
to this issue. Uzbek literary studies of the 20th
century looked at the study of the rich heritage of
the peoples of Central Asia from a narrow
perspective, and the work that is the object of
scientific research is more biased, based on the
demands of the ideology and ideas of the
Journal
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Research Article
SADRIDDIN AINIY IS A CONNOISSEUR OF TAJIK LITERATURE
(AS AN EXAMPLE OF A TAJIK WORK OF EXEMPLARY
LITERATURE)
Submission Date:
October 07, 2023,
Accepted Date:
October 12, 2023,
Published Date:
October 17, 2023
Crossref doi:
https://doi.org/10.37547/ijasr-03-10-22
Ulug ‘
Murod Amonov
Associate Professor Of Buxspi, Doctor Of Philosophy In Philology, Uzbekistan
Volume 03 Issue 10-2023
143
International Journal of Advance Scientific Research
(ISSN
–
2750-1396)
VOLUME
03
ISSUE
10
Pages:
142-146
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.478
)
(2022:
5.636
)
(2023:
6.741
)
OCLC
–
1368736135
communist system. it is not a secret to anyone
that it is unscientifically treated.
With the honor of independence, we had the
opportunity to teach our classic literature,
literary studies, and research our literary
heritage on a large scale, free from all kinds of
pressures,
based
on
purely
scientific-
enlightenment, religious-mystical, national and
universal thinking criteria.
As a result of the October coup, the Soviet power
was established, and until the crisis of this power,
censorship was established over many subjects,
including literature and the history of literature.
As a result, very few of the rich scientific and
literary monuments left by our ancestors were
studied. Even if they were studied, it was
necessary to condemn and give a biased
assessment to the people's progressive-minded
creators as “bloodthirsty”, “robber”, or “palace
poet”, “religious
-
mystical” trend.
With the honor of independence, an end was put
to such a biased attitude towards the people's
poets and scientists. To date, several works have
been done and are being done to study our past
literary heritage.
The work that interests us and has become the
object of our article i
s the “Namunayi adabiyoti
tojik” (Exemplary Tajik Literature) book. This
work is one of the first major scientific works on
the study of literary heritage at the beginning of
the 20th century. This review, which has been
hidden from the eyes of scientists for many years,
was edited by our compatriot, a great research
scientist and accomplished writer, Sadriddin
Ainiy, from March 15 to October 12, 1925, and
was published in Moscow in 1926 by the Central
Publishing House of the Peoples of the Former
USSR. In addition, there is a Samarkand edition of
“Namunayi adabiyoti tojik” (Exemplary Tajik
Literature) in one volume with Mirzo Muhsin
Ibrahimi's “Namunayi adabiyoti Iron” (Exemplary
Literature Iron) edition. [1. 135], [2.422]
This book is Sadriddin Aini’s fir
st major study of
our Uzbek and Tajik literary heritage, directly and
indirectly belonging to the literary environment
of Bukhara. In this work, the author mainly gave
information about poets and writers who lived
and worked in Movarounnahr - Turkestan.
The work consists of three parts, the first part
contains information about 180 poets and writers
who lived between 912 and 1785;
In the second part: information about 132 poets
and writers who lived in 1785-1924 is given (It
should be noted that most of the poets of this part
who lived in the end of the 19th century and the
beginning of the 20th century were personally
known by Sadriddin Aini himself);
In the third part, information about eleven
writers who created in a new direction and a
number of newspapers and magazines published
at the end of the 19th century and the beginning
of the 20th century is included.
As it can be seen from the composition of the
work, tazkira includes a magnificent period of
1000 (THOUSAND) years, more than 200 samples
of which only a small part is known to us, The
main part of the work contains valuable
Volume 03 Issue 10-2023
144
International Journal of Advance Scientific Research
(ISSN
–
2750-1396)
VOLUME
03
ISSUE
10
Pages:
142-146
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.478
)
(2022:
5.636
)
(2023:
6.741
)
OCLC
–
1368736135
information about our poets and writers, which
are still unknown to us. The scientific importance
of this work of Sadriddin Aini is known from the
fact that it was published in Iran and Afghanistan
and that many tazkiranavis (tazkira-writers)
used this source.
In writing “Namunayi adabiyoti tojik” (Exemplary
Tajik Literature) teacher Sadriddin Aini used
several books such as, the dictionary “Tuhfat ul
-
ahbab” (1530) by Hafiz Sultanali, “Tazkirat ush
Shuaro” (1487) by Davlatshah Samarkandi,
“Namunayi
adabiyoti
Eron”
(Exemplary
Literature of Iran) by Mirza Muhsin Ibrahimi,
Lutfalibek Ozar's “Otashkada” (1760
-1771),
Afzali Mahdumi Pirmasti's “Afzal
-ut-tazqarfi zikr-
ish-shuarov al-a
sh'or” (1915), Mulla Ne'matullah
Muhtaram's “Tazkirat ul Shuaroi Muhtaram” (
1903-
1904), “Navodiri ziyoiya” tazkiras by Sadri
Zia's, bayozs, as well as divans of poets.
In short, the book is a great literary resource for
studying our past literary heritage. That is why a
number of scientists paid attention to this work.
In 1950, R. Khodizoda's “Scientific study of
Sadriddin Aini’s history and Tajik literature” was
published in issue #8 of the “Sharqi Surkh”
magazine in 1950, and “Exemplary Tajik
literatur
e” in Volume II of “Jashnomayi Aini”
(Dushanbe 1966) with his articles, he spoke
about the scientific and artistic value of the book
and about other studies of teacher Aini on the
history of oriental literature.
More significant research than other works
related to Sadriddin Aini's “Namunayi adabiyoti
tojik” (Exemplary Tajik Literature) was carried
out by Doctor of Philology, Academician
Botirkhan Valikhojhayev and Doctor of Philology,
Professor Rahim Vahidov. It was published in
Dushanbe in 1978 by “Irfan” publishing house
under the name “Muhaqqiqi buzurgi du liyatari”
(Major researcher of two literatures), in the book,
the researchers compare S. Aini's thoughts on the
“Namunayi adabiyoti tojik” (Exemplary Tajik
Literature) study, scientific works in the field of
Navoi studies with Navoi's work is analyzed They
expressed their attitude to Sadriddin Aini's
articles “Mir Alisheri Navoi”, “Alisheri Navoi and
Tajik literature”.
Why did Batirkhan Valikhojhayev and Rahim
Vahidov start this job?
–
It is a natural question.
The following excerpt from the pamphlet can be
the answer to this question: "Aini's researches in
Uzbek and Tajik literature before the revolution
were studied by many scholars and articles were
published about it. In several treatises, some
literary problems are focused on this topic, but
this issue has not been specifically researched
comprehensively. We wrote this treatise, studied
Aini's scientific works on the issues of literary
history, and tried to express our opinion. In this
brochure, we have presented many scientific
analyzes of Alisher Navoi and his work, Uzbek
literature before the revolution, rather than Tajik
literature. This brochure cannot cover many
issues” [3.8].
B. Valikhojhayev and R. Vokhidov briefly touched
on this book and its artistic value in this pamphlet,
focusing on the research on which “Namunayi
adabiyoti tojik” (Exemplary Tajik Literature) is
based, that is, S. Aini's scientific works on Navoi
Volume 03 Issue 10-2023
145
International Journal of Advance Scientific Research
(ISSN
–
2750-1396)
VOLUME
03
ISSUE
10
Pages:
142-146
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.478
)
(2022:
5.636
)
(2023:
6.741
)
OCLC
–
1368736135
studies. they only focus on research. Hundreds of
other writers of our classical literature, modern
creators, their lives, artistic heritage, the
scientist's relationship with them; however,
attention and evaluation of modern publications
have not been seriously studied yet.
It should be noted that this essay of the great
literary critic Sadriddin Aini is not known to most
Uzbek language and literature philologist
teachers, students, masters, and the audience of
interested readers, the main reason for this is that
this treatise has not been republished in our
country in almost a century, only very few copies
of old editions have survived.
The lack of this tazkira in the libraries of Bukhara
prevented us from starting work. It became clear
that there is a Moscow copy of this work only in
the personal library of the textualist, orientalist,
numismatic scholar Ghalib Kurbanov in Bukhara.
Unfortunately, the loss of many pages of this book
had a negative impact on our work. Later, we
managed to find the Samarkand copy of this
tazkira published together with “Namunayi
adabiyoti Iro
n” (Exemplary Literature Iron) in the
manuscripts department of the scientific library
of Samarkand State University.
As we mentioned above, the fact that we think
about some of the creators of the history of the
literature of Central Asian peoples from the time
Rudaki lived to the beginning of the 20th century
in “Namunayi adabiyoti tojik” (Exemplary Tajik
Literature) proves that the work is a unique
scientific source. We aim to explore more
overlooked artists in our next miniseries.
This article is the first small work carried out on
the basis of the study “Namunayi adabiyoti tojik”
(Exemplary Tajik Literature) in the next period.
We think that the work in this regard will be
continued and we hope that large-scale scientific
research will be created.
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Volume 03 Issue 10-2023
146
International Journal of Advance Scientific Research
(ISSN
–
2750-1396)
VOLUME
03
ISSUE
10
Pages:
142-146
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.478
)
(2022:
5.636
)
(2023:
6.741
)
OCLC
–
1368736135
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