Volume 04 Issue 03-2024
178
International Journal of Advance Scientific Research
(ISSN
–
2750-1396)
VOLUME
04
ISSUE
03
Pages:
178-182
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2022:
5.636
)
(2023:
6.741
)
(2024:
7.874
)
OCLC
–
1368736135
A
BSTRACT
In linguistics, the lexeme "time" is divided into semantic layers and has not been analyzed. Based on this,
this article explores the lexical-semantic field of the concept of "time" in the Turkish language. In the course
of research, lexemes representing the period were extracted from the vocabulary and they were divided
into a number of groups.
K
EYWORDS
Time, lexeme, lexical-semantic field, peripheral layer, sequence, repeatability.
I
NTRODUCTION
During the research work, a group of words that
make up the lexical-semantic field of the concept
of "time" was identified. This group of words
consists of lexical units that measure "period",
and they were divided into several types based on
their features such as regularity, historicity,
measuredness, and sequence. Based on this, the
following groups forming the "Davr" macro-field
were formed:
• Periodic time
- Polished Stone Age, mining age,
Miocene, Neolithic, Neozoic, Middle Ages,
Carnival, Kaufzum period, Kerahet time, Kesatlik,
fiscal year, happy age, migration period, spring
and winter;
• Names of holidays
- Eyyam, Kurban Bayrid,
Mevlit Procession, Nowruz, Nowruz Bayrid,
Merasim, Ramadan Bayrid, Cumhuriyet Bayrid,
Journal
Website:
http://sciencebring.co
m/index.php/ijasr
Copyright:
Original
content from this work
may be used under the
terms of the creative
commons
attributes
4.0 licence.
Research Article
ANALYSIS OF LEXICAL UNITS MEASURING PERIOD IN
"TURKISH LANGUAGE EXPLANATORY DICTIONARY"
Submission Date:
March 20,
2024,
Accepted Date:
March 25, 2024,
Published Date:
March 30, 2024
Crossref doi:
https://doi.org/10.37547/ijasr-04-03-33
Shorasulova Arofat Ibroxim Qizi
Tashkent State University Of Oriental Studies Teacher Of The Department Of Turkish Philology, Uzbekistan
Volume 04 Issue 03-2024
179
International Journal of Advance Scientific Research
(ISSN
–
2750-1396)
VOLUME
04
ISSUE
03
Pages:
178-182
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2022:
5.636
)
(2023:
6.741
)
(2024:
7.874
)
OCLC
–
1368736135
Zefer Bayrid, Okuma Bayrid, Kabul Tören, Kabotaj
Bayrid, Dugun, Jubilee, Noël, Şölen, Sera Night;
• Month
- cemaziyelahir, cemaziyelevvel, big
repentance month, September, power month,
June, kanunuevvel, kanunusani, kasım, small
month of repentance, kırlangıç dönümü, March,
matem month, may, muharrem;
• Day
- Friday, Saturday, Wednesday, week, mid-
week, beginning of the week, mid-week, weekend,
the next day, the day before, the next day, the day
of the week, Thursday, Recep Night, Saturday;
• Parts of the day
- Friday evening, early morning,
tea time, dalöğle, dün, dünden, dünkü, azan time,
early, full-time, night, day, time, noon, Friday
prayer, iftar, kaba kushluk, kadir geechesi,
candlelight day, bird's eye view, morning,
morning, sleep;
• Units of measurement of time
- bir an, bengi, five
vakit, bogunar, bu meydan, quarter, daim, minute,
beginning of the lesson, birth, kalubela, elan,
evvela, finale, every day, hitam, takutum, imdi,
endiha, iptida, first once, kalymli, moment,
beginning of the hour.
During the study of the lexemes that make up the
"Periodic Time" group, it became clear that some
of the concepts that make up this area are united
around the "historical period, past" time area, so
the "Historical Periodic Time" group separated
from himself. This group includes lexemes
reflecting a certain period and time interval.
The core of the field of the "Historical periodic
time" group is made up of such units as "era, era,
cycle, era, period", all of which mean "a period of
time with a certain characteristic".
When constructing the meaning field of the
concept of "Historical periodic time" based on the
dictionary, "Stone Age" - "the period before
Christ, which continued from the beginning of
mankind and the making of weapons from stone",
"Cilalı Taş Vri"
- " the name of one of the periods
divided into 3 parts BC", "Yontma Taş Vri"
- "the
oldest period before BC", "Neolithic" - "the last
stage of the stone age", "Carbonifer", "Carbon age"
- lexemes such as "the fourth part of the first
period and the layers of the earth that appeared
during this period" begin to form the first lines of
the peripheral layer one after another.
Next, you can find geological terms such as
"Second Age, Second Age, Mesozoic" - "a period of
almost one hundred and fifty million years of the
earth."
From the n
ext layer, "Üçüncü Çağ"
- "the period of
about 60 million years of the earth's surface",
"Miocene" - "the third period in which mammals
and monkeys were widespread", "Eocene" - "the
third period in which mammals appeared",
"Cenozoic" - Words like "third period" are used.
The sequence of lexemes denoting historical time
is "Pliyosen" - "the end of the Tertiary period",
"Maden devri" - "the last of the three periods
divided into BC and the period when mineral
stones began to be used", "Neozoik" - " the
interval between the third and fourth periods"
continues.
Volume 04 Issue 03-2024
180
International Journal of Advance Scientific Research
(ISSN
–
2750-1396)
VOLUME
04
ISSUE
03
Pages:
178-182
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2022:
5.636
)
(2023:
6.741
)
(2024:
7.874
)
OCLC
–
1368736135
"Buzul çağı", "Buzul dönemi"
- "the fourth period
when very large regions of the earth's surface
were covered with ice", "Pleistosen" - "ice age",
"Dördüncü çağ"
- "the period of about 2 or 3
million years of the earth's surface" Synonymous
units like
Also, "Eski çağ"
- "the period from ancient times
to the appearance of writing", "Orta çağ"
- "the
period from the fall of the Western Roman Empire
(476) to 1453- or 1492-
", "Saadet asrı, asrısaadet,
devrisaa
det" , asrısaadet, devrisaadet"
- "the
period when Muhammad lived", "Yeni çağ"
- "the
period after the Middle Ages (from 1453 or 1492)
until the French Revolution (1789)" are used
separately in grouping ancient periods holds.
The lexeme denoting the most recent historical
period in the dictionary is "Tanzimat" - "1839, the
period in which the decree known as "Gulhona
Hattihumayun" was promulgated to improve the
administration and to implement it in the time of
Sultan Abdulmajid.", this word completes the last
layer of the "Historical Periodic Time" field.
Among the above lexemes denoting the historical
period, words such as "“Neolitik”, “Karbonifer”,
“Mezozoik”, “Miyosen”, “Eosen”, “Senozoik”,
“Pliyosen”, “Neozoik”, “Pleistosen” are units
borrowed from the French language. is counted.
Also, during the study of the "Periodical Time"
group, the "Historical Period" and the units
representing various long periods and periods
were analyzed. For example, "“karantina
müddeti, karantina süresi”"
- "the time necessary
for the control and inspection of a certain land to
prevent infectious diseases", "migration" - "rams
in the fall to breed rams" to add between y; this is
the season when the work is done", "summer and
winter" - "all year round", "seneidevriye" - "all
year round", "holiday" - "the time designated as a
day off by law", "karnaval" - "The time of fun,
when Christians spent colorful, funny and
amazing activities at the specified times",
"kerahet vakti" - "the time when praying is
considered makruh; These include many
examples such as the time of drinking in the
evening", "kesatlık"
- "the time of shortage,
famine".
Another group that makes up the macro field
"Period" is a set of lexemes known as "Bayram
nomlari". The names of the holidays included in
this group were divided into 3 groups according
to the time and nature of the celebration. The first
group is called "Official holiday" names, and the
names of the holidays accepted by the state and
confirmed by law are included in this group.
These are "zafer ba
yramı"
- "Official holiday
adopted by law to celebrate the victory won on
August 30, 1922", "Cumhuriyet bayramı"
-
"Official holiday established by law to celebrate
the independence achieved on October 29, 1923
holiday", "kabul töreni, kabul resmi, kutlama" -
"reception ceremony of official guests",
"karşılama töreni"
- "reception ceremony
performed by the governor and people of the
place in connection with the arrival of a famous
person", "madalya töreni" - "ceremony of
awarding a medal to someone who has rendered
service or won a place in a competition", "kabotaj
bayramı"
- "holiday organized in June every year
in order to develop maritime trade", "okuma
Volume 04 Issue 03-2024
181
International Journal of Advance Scientific Research
(ISSN
–
2750-1396)
VOLUME
04
ISSUE
03
Pages:
178-182
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2022:
5.636
)
(2023:
6.741
)
(2024:
7.874
)
OCLC
–
1368736135
bayramı"
- "school at the beginning of the school
year" are lexemes such as a celebration held to
welcome the beginning of schooling.
"Religious holidays", in turn, have a great role in
the life of society, which increases the possibility
of their analysis. Holidays in Islam are days of joy
and consist of two main holidays - "Ramadan
holiday" - "a religious holiday celebrated on the
first three days of the month of Shawwal
according to the lunar calendar" and "Kurban
holiday" - "the beginning of the month of Zul Hijja
according to the lunar calendar". a religious
festival that began on the ninth day and lasted for
four days, and the sacrifice was cut off." The
celebration of holidays can be different
depending on the peoples and cultures, as well as
according to the sects of Islam (Sunni and Shia).
Muslim holidays are based on the lunar calendar
and are shifted every year compared to the
Shamsi calendar. The Islamic calendar has twelve
months and 354-355 days. The Sunni and Shia
calendars do not always coincide. Sometimes the
same holiday is celebrated in Shias, while in
Sunnis it can be celebrated on another day,
usually consecutively. We have come across that
Ramadan is also known as "sugar holiday" in the
vernacular. "Mevlit alayi" - "a ceremony held on
the twelfth day of Rabiulwal, which is accepted as
the birthday of Muhammad", "shebiarus" - "the
year of the death of Maulana Rumi" was held in
Konya on December 17. ceremony", "hıdırellez"
-
"May 6, when it is believed that the prophets
Khizir and Ilyas meet every year; a traditional
holiday held on May 6 every year" "Nowruz
holiday" - "a holiday held in the mountains to
welcome spring on Nowruz day", "circumcision
wedding" - "on the eve of male circumcision"
religious ceremonies such as the "festival" are
also celebrated on a large scale.
Although "daily (social) holidays" are not
established by law or religion, a person's daily life
does not go smoothly without them. The roots of
everyday holidays go back to religious holidays.
Because on any of the daily holidays, religious
activities are not performed. During the study of
the vocabulary, "Wedding" - "a ceremony held in
connection with the formation of a family or
circumcision", "shebiarus" - "wedding evening",
"jubilee" - "Jews dedicated to God and a holiday
every 50 years; Catholics pray for the forgiveness
of sins of those who go on a pilgrimage to Rome;
the jubilee celebration held for 50 years of
marriage", "Noel" - "the time when Christians
celebrate the birthday of Jesus on December 25
every year", "sira night" - "in the south-eastern
Anatolia, usually on winter nights once a week
holiday names such as a party at someone's
house", "soiree" - "a party held after dinner,
gathering" were analyzed.
In conclusion, it is known that lexemes that
measure "Period" in the "Turkic Language
Annotated Dictionary": holidays, month names,
days, parts of days and units of time measurement
have both sequence and repeatability.
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İbrahim Şahin. Türkiye yeradbiliminde
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VOLUME
04
ISSUE
03
Pages:
178-182
SJIF
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(2022:
5.636
)
(2023:
6.741
)
(2024:
7.874
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OCLC
–
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