Volume 04 Issue 03-2024
107
International Journal of Advance Scientific Research
(ISSN
–
2750-1396)
VOLUME
04
ISSUE
03
Pages:
107-111
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2022:
5.636
)
(2023:
6.741
)
(2024:
7.874
)
OCLC
–
1368736135
A
BSTRACT
This article explains in detail, using examples, alternative translations of phraseological units in Arabic, as
well as similar and different aspects of expressions belonging to the two nations. In this case, lexical and
somatic phraseology is widely used in the Arabic and Uzbek languages.
K
EYWORDS
Lexical phraseology, somatic phraseology, phrases representing colors, component words.
I
NTRODUCTION
Proverbs are a mirror of centuries-old life
experience, the material and spiritual life of each
people, which embodies the unique customs,
rituals, holidays, legends, psychology, worldview,
etc. of the people. By studying them in depth, you
can obtain valuable information about the
language, history and culture of the people.
The fact that proverbs of different nations are
similar to each other is in most cases explained by
the commonality of people’s habitats, living
conditions, customs and logical observations.
After all, proverbs, like other linguistic means,
serve to express various universal concepts and
are created on the basis of life observations. As a
result, proverbs in different languages are formed
on the basis of the same image [МК, 185].
In fact, there are so many proverbs in the Uzbek
language that Arabic alternatives can be found. In
most cases, such proverbs, similar in form in two
languages, correspond to each other in meaning
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Research Article
TRANSLATION OF EQUIVALENT AND ALTERNATIVE
PROVERBS INTO ARABIC AND UZBEK LANGUAGES
Submission Date:
March 20,
2024,
Accepted Date:
March 25, 2024,
Published Date:
March 30, 2024
Crossref doi:
https://doi.org/10.37547/ijasr-04-03-21
Sunnat Botirovich Abdunabiev
University Of World Economy And Diplomacy Arabiс Teacher Department Of Oriental Languages Tashkent,
Uzbekistan
Volume 04 Issue 03-2024
108
International Journal of Advance Scientific Research
(ISSN
–
2750-1396)
VOLUME
04
ISSUE
03
Pages:
107-111
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2022:
5.636
)
(2023:
6.741
)
(2024:
7.874
)
OCLC
–
1368736135
and stylistic function. Because such aggregates
are based on concepts based on the same life
experiences. These proverbs are easily
interchangeable in translation. For example, the
Arabic proverb
ُناوْخلإا ُف َرْعُت ِدِئادَشلا َدْنِع
[MS, 79]
expresses the fact that true friends are separated
when trouble strikes the head, while in the Uzbek
language it is equivalent to the proverb “A friend
is known on a difficult day.”. Or, if the proverb
"Don't put off today's work until tomorrow" is
equivalent to the Arabic proverb
دَغِل ِم ْوَيلا َلَمَع ْر ِ خؤُت َلا
[MA, 260], then the Arabic proverb
ُرْطأ
وهو َديدَحلا ِق
ن ِخاس
, expresses the need to do all the work on
time, this is exactly the same as Uzbek proverb
“Put iron into iron.”
ُطاَنُتَس اَهِلْج ِرِب ةاَش ُّلك
[MS, 106] -
“Every sheep hangs by its own leg”,
ةك َرَب ُةك َرَحلا
[MS,
14] -
“Blessing in action” and so on.
Although some equivalent proverbs differ in
lexical content by one or two components, there
is no difference between them in content. For
example, the Uzbek equivalent of the Arabic
proverb
ْعَطْقأ َّمث ْرِ دَق
(literally: measure and cut), the
component of the proverb “Measure seven times,
cut once” is greater than the Arabic units (seven,
one). But this difference is illogical. The reason is
that the words “seven” and “one” used in
proverbs in the Uzbek language are not used in
the proper sense, but in a figurative sense (doing
something carefully thought out). In Arabic, this
meaning is expressed in the form of doing things
sequentially (think first, then do). Another
example is the Arabic proverb
راَّدلا مُث َراَجلا
[MS,
103] (literally: the neighbor after that the door) is
translated into Uzbek by the proverb “don’t buy
the yard, take the neighbor.”
Also in Uzbek “everything goes into the cauldron”
and its Arabic equivalent
ُحَضْنَي هيف امِب ءانإ ُّلُك
[MS, 3], the lexemes “cauldron”
and
ءانإ
“to go out” and
ُحَضْنَي
are not lexically
equivalent to each of them. others, but they are
contextually compatible, are the same type of
objects and serve to express the same action: the
proverb “out of any pot” (Arabic) means
“whatever is in the pot comes out into the pot.”
A number of equivalent proverbs in the Arabic
and Uzbek languages, corresponding to each
other in meaning and stylistic function, may differ
by one component in lexical content. This is
mainly due to the fact that representatives of
different nations approach life events in their
own way, think with their imagination, and many
things and events acquire different meanings and
symbols in their language. In addition, if one
people uses in their life one of a number of
synonymous words expressing the same concept,
then another may use another, as a result of which
some components of equivalent proverbs of two
languages, serving to express the same meaning
and methodological task, become different. For
example, in the proverb “
َح
ريصَق ِبِذَكلا ُلْب
” [MS, 71]
-
“The life of lies is short” (literally: the rope of lies
is short) instead of the Arabic word “rope” the
word “life” is used, which appeared in the Uzbek
language.
The lexemes in some equivalent proverbs differ
from each other in numerical forms, therefore, the
translation process requires a scientific and
creative approach to this different situation. After
all, such differences, which do not impose an
Volume 04 Issue 03-2024
109
International Journal of Advance Scientific Research
(ISSN
–
2750-1396)
VOLUME
04
ISSUE
03
Pages:
107-111
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2022:
5.636
)
(2023:
6.741
)
(2024:
7.874
)
OCLC
–
1368736135
additional semantic task, sometimes confuse the
translator. For example, translating the Uzbek
proverb “The wall has ears” into Arabic
ناطيحلل نإ
اناذأ
in the form “walls have ears” leads to a
violation of the norm of the Uzbek proverb and
the loss of the figurative generalizations it
expresses. “In translation, only compli
ance with
the traditional grammatical form of the
components of any language means creates the
expression of the expressed idea within the
framework of speech culture” [MK, 188].
Proverbs of two languages, compatible with each
other in meaning and stylistic function,
sometimes differ in the structure and
expressiveness of sentences. This situation is
related to the capabilities of each language, its
own construction and means of expression:
ُّرُضَي َلا
ِبَلاِكلا ُحَابُن َباحَّسلا
[MS, 41] -
“The dog barks
- the
caravan passes” (literally: The barking of a dog
does not harm the Cloud),
ُدُصحت ُع َر ْزَت اَمَك
[MS, 21 ] -
“What you sow is what you reap” (literally: as you
sow, you reap),
ِمَلاُغلا ِدَهْشَم ْنِم رْيَخ ِخْيَّشلا ُىْأ َر
[MS, 42] -
“What the old ma
n knows, the fairy does not
know” (before as if: from the point of view of a
small child, the old man’s opinion is good).
Also, some equivalent proverbs in two languages
can be the same in meaning and stylistic function,
despite the fact that they are opposite in sentence
construction:
ْمِشَتْحَي ْمَل َمِكاَحلا َعَناَص ْنَم
[MS, 75]
(literally: whoever bribes the mayor will not be
ashamed) the Arabic proverb “The mouth is
ashamed of the food it has eaten” in the Uzbek
language is similar in meaning and function,
although in terms of sentence construction it
looks opposite (ashamed). In translation theory
this is called anatomical translation...
If the translation process does not find an
equivalent to the proverbs in the original
language, alternative options are available to
maintain adequacy. An alternative option is
proverbs of two languages that differ in lexical
content in general or in other characteristics,
except for the main components, but are
compatible in meaning and stylistic function. For
example, the Arabic equivalent of the Uzbek
proverbs “the hunchbacked grave will fix” and
“Blood enters, with the soul leaves”
-
ىلع َّبَش ْنَم
هيلع َباش ءيش
(literally: with whom you grow up,
you grow old) and education received at a young
age cannot be abandoned for the rest of your life.
حاَّبَن ِهِباَبِب ِبْل ك ُّلُك
[MS, 57] -
“Every rooster crows in
his own cage” (literally: every dog barks in his
own house),
دْمِغ يِف ِناَفْيَس ُعَمْجُي َلا
[MS, 28] “Two
sheep’s heads do not boil in one pot” literally
: two
swords cannot fit in one scabbard),
َىض ْرَي ِشمَي ْنم
َبِك َر َامب
[MS, 4] “There is no value for the water that
flows before you” (literally: whoever walks will
be satisfied with what he rides),
ُعَقَت اهِلاكْشأ ىلع ُروُيُطلا
[MS, 11] “The blind finds the blind in the dark”
(literally: birds perch on their own kind) etc.
Such alternatives, differing in form, are easily
interchangeable in translation. Their paralysis is
explained by the fact that each people has its own
way of life, traditions, concepts and logical
observations in expressing its thoughts
expressively and effectively.
Sometimes in two languages only the main
components of alternative proverbs are similar,
Volume 04 Issue 03-2024
110
International Journal of Advance Scientific Research
(ISSN
–
2750-1396)
VOLUME
04
ISSUE
03
Pages:
107-111
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2022:
5.636
)
(2023:
6.741
)
(2024:
7.874
)
OCLC
–
1368736135
and the remaining words are different. Such
proverbs are usually created to figuratively
express the same event, situation or character
and are compatible with each other. For example,
the Arabic proverb
يدْعُي ُقْلُخلا ُءوُس
[MS, 100], the
basic component of the alternative version of the
Uzbek language “You go near cauldron, the black
one touches” (literally: bad morals get you)
-
“touch” (
يدْعُي
), and both lexical units mean one
and the same phenomenon.
ةَبَجْعُم اَهْيِبأب ةاَتَف ُّلك
[MS,
114] “I call the little pig my mother” (literally:
every girl loves her father).
َءاَقْمَح َّبُر
ةَب ِجْنُم
[MS, 57]
“a hammer comes out of the fool, lightning comes
out of the hammer” (literally: sometimes fools
give birth to smart ones),
ِجَرَفْلا ُحاَتْفِم ُرْبَّصلا
[ms, 91]
“The bottom of patience is yellow gold” (literally:
Patience - Key to fortunately) among them.
C
ONCLUSION
Since ancient times, bonds of friendship have
existed between our ancestors and the Arab
people, and especially in the field of knowledge,
this relationship has yielded great results.
Therefore, it is no coincidence that in the
languages of both peoples there are many
equivalent proverbs that express exactly the
same meaning. The given data and examples
show that the use of equivalent proverbs,
identical in form and meaning in both languages,
is active and plays an important role in making
speech rich, colorful, expressive and figurative.
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Volume 04 Issue 03-2024
111
International Journal of Advance Scientific Research
(ISSN
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2750-1396)
VOLUME
04
ISSUE
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Pages:
107-111
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2022:
5.636
)
(2023:
6.741
)
(2024:
7.874
)
OCLC
–
1368736135
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