Volume 04 Issue 10-2024
56
International Journal of Advance Scientific Research
(ISSN
–
2750-1396)
VOLUME
04
ISSUE
10
Pages:
56-59
OCLC
–
1368736135
A
BSTRACT
The main objective of training at a medical university is to prepare qualified medical specialists, which is
unthinkable without mastering special terminology. Terminological training of future doctors involves not
only understanding terminology, but also practical skills in its active use.
K
EYWORDS
Medicine, Latin, terminology, practical skills, anatomical and histological nomenclature.
I
NTRODUCTION
Latin in medicine is traditionally used in
anatomical,
clinical
and
pharmaceutical
terminology. Knowledge of Latin allows doctors
from different countries of the world to easily
understand each other. The long-standing
tradition of using Latin in medicine serves as a
unifying factor for doctors around the world and
for the unification of medical education. Medical
terminology is a complex of interrelated
terminologies of a very large number of medical
and biological, clinical and pharmaceutical
disciplines. It can be divided into 3 main groups of
terms:
The first group
- is anatomical and histological
nomenclature, covering all the names of
anatomical and histological formations.
Journal
Website:
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Copyright:
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Research Article
FEATURES OF MEDICAL TERMINOLOGY
Submission Date:
October 20,
2024,
Accepted Date:
October 25, 2024,
Published Date:
October 30, 2024
Crossref doi:
https://doi.org/10.37547/ijasr-04-10-08
Rustamova Surayo Shahobiddinovna
Senior Lecturer, Department of Uzbek Language and Foreign Languages, Tashkent Medical Academy,
Uzbekistan
Volume 04 Issue 10-2024
57
International Journal of Advance Scientific Research
(ISSN
–
2750-1396)
VOLUME
04
ISSUE
10
Pages:
56-59
OCLC
–
1368736135
The second group
- is clinical terminology. It
includes terms from various specialties: therapy,
surgery, obstetrics and gynecology, neurology,
ophthalmology, psychiatry, etc. This multi-aspect
terminology is formed mainly from the
terminology of pathological anatomy and partly
pathological physiology (pathos in Greek means
suffering, disease), as well as such disciplines as
operative surgery, propaedeutic therapy (from
the Greek Propaideuo - to pre-train, prepare).
These are the names of diseases, painful
conditions, syndromes and symptoms. These are
also the designations of operations, examination
methods, treatments. This also includes the
names of all kinds of devices and instruments
used in medicine;
The third group
- is pharmaceutical terminology.
This should include the names of dosage forms,
drugs, chemical nomenclature in Latin, names of
medicinal plants and their organs, i.e. everything
that a doctor and pharmacist need to know. The
modern
"International
Anatomical
Nomenclature" "Nomina anatomica", called Paris,
abbreviated PNA, since it was adopted at the
International Congress of Anatomists in Paris in
1955 and was composed entirely in Latin. In
order to consciously and competently use
anatomical and histological nomenclature, it is
necessary in the 1st year to acquire the ability and
skills to correctly pronounce, read, understand
Latin names, and also independently translate
Russian names into Latin.
Clinical terminology
- is all the terms that a
medical student constantly encounters in lectures
on various clinical disciplines, when examining
patients, when compiling case histories, when
reading textbooks, articles and monographs.
Unlike anatomical and histological nomenclature,
where Latin vocabulary is mainly used, words and
word-forming elements of the ancient Greek
language prevail in clinical terminology. The
World Health Organization has established Latin
as the "international language" for the names of
drugs. Prescriptions in most countries of the
world are written in Latin. International
nomenclatures
of
botany,
zoology
and
microbiology are written in Latin. Thus, the
concept
of
"Fundamentals
of
Medical
Terminology" in the discipline of the Latin
language includes the principles, methods and
means of forming three main subsystems of
terms, words and phrases of Greek-Latin origin.
Educational value of Latin - although the study of
Latin in medical school pursues a purely
professional goal - the preparation of a
terminologically competent doctor - you have a
wonderful opportunity to improve your cultural
and educational level, broaden your horizons. In
this regard, Latin aphorisms and sayings that
express a generalized, complete thought in a
laconic form are useful, for example: Fortes
fortuna adjuvat - Fortune helps the brave; Regredi
non est progredi - To go back means not to go
forward. Also interesting are proverbs such as:
Omnia mea mecum porto - I carry everything that
is mine with me; Festina lente - Hurry slowly, etc.
Many aphorisms are separate lines, statements of
famous ancient writers, philosophers, politicians.
Of considerable interest are also aphorisms in
Latin belonging to scientists of the New Time.
Volume 04 Issue 10-2024
58
International Journal of Advance Scientific Research
(ISSN
–
2750-1396)
VOLUME
04
ISSUE
10
Pages:
56-59
OCLC
–
1368736135
Most of the Latin aphorisms, sayings, proverbs
included in the material of individual lessons and
presented as a whole list at the end of the student,
have long become catchphrases. They are used in
scientific and fiction literature, in public speeches.
Some Latin aphorisms and sayings concern issues
of life and death, the health of the patient, the
behavior of the doctor or represent medical
deontological (Greek Deon, deontos due + logos -
teaching) commandments, for example: Salus
aegroti suprema lex medicorum - the welfare of
the patient is the highest law of doctors; Primum
noli nocere! - First of all, do no harm! In the
international vocabulary of many languages of
the world, especially European ones, a significant
place is occupied by Latinisms, internationalisms
of the most diverse content.
It is difficult to imagine a modern intelligent
person, in whose speech there would not be such
words, for example, communication, credit,
discredit, credo, course, curator, to supervise,
prosecutor, cadet, to cruise, competitor,
competition, excursion, excursionist, degree,
gradation, degradation, ingredient, aggression,
congress, progress, regression, lawyer, legal
adviser, consultation, intellect, intellectual,
colleague, board, collection, petition, appetite,
competence, rehearsal, tutor, conservative,
conservatory, to preserve, observatory, reserve,
reservation, valence, currency, devaluation,
disabled person, to prevail, equivalent, student,
master, bachelor, symposium, lecture, statue,
monument, ornament, style, illustration, vitamin
and many others.
The process of forming a doctor as a linguistic
personality occurs as follows:
1) work in a special (medical) field: this activity is
formed as the scientific picture of the world is
mastered as a sequential "passage" of different
levels of activity complexity (socialization
period);
2) formation of a scientific picture of the world in
the process of education (training), which is a
continuum of successive transitions from a naive
to a scientific picture of the world, which is due to
the multidimensionality of the consciousness of a
native speaker;
3) formation of professional experience in a
special medical field (in our case - diabetology,
infection);
4)
discursive
competence
(mastery
of
terminology, ability to communicate).
From all that has been said, it is clear that the
study of Latin, maintaining a high level of
knowledge in this area is a very urgent task of
modern education.
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Volume 04 Issue 10-2024
59
International Journal of Advance Scientific Research
(ISSN
–
2750-1396)
VOLUME
04
ISSUE
10
Pages:
56-59
OCLC
–
1368736135
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