Volume 04 Issue 12-2024
143
International Journal of Advance Scientific Research
(ISSN
–
2750-1396)
VOLUME
04
ISSUE
12
Pages:
143-146
OCLC
–
1368736135
A
BSTRACT
This paper presents an analysis of three types of cotton fabrics intended for bed linen, focusing on their
physical, mechanical, and performance characteristics. The study evaluates the fabrics based on
standardized quality parameters, including tensile strength, shrinkage, colorfastness, and comfort
properties. The results reveal variations in performance among the samples, with one fabric meeting all
required standards for durability, comfort, and aesthetic appeal. Based on the findings, the first sample is
recommended for practical use in bed linen production, highlighting its superior quality and compliance
with industry requirements.
K
EYWORDS
Fabric, bed linen, yarn, fabric shrinkage, density, warp, weft.
I
NTRODUCTION
The assortment of fabrics produced in our
country is diverse. Cotton fabrics, which account
for 25% of all articles, are characterized by a wide
variety of options. Silk and wool fabrics also have
diverse assortments, while linen fabrics
represent the least diverse group (10% of all
articles).
Journal
Website:
http://sciencebring.co
m/index.php/ijasr
Copyright:
Original
content from this work
may be used under the
terms of the creative
commons
attributes
4.0 licence.
Research Article
ANALYSIS OF COTTON BEDDING FABRICS
Submission Date:
December 10,
2024,
Accepted Date:
December 15, 2024,
Published Date:
December 20, 2024
Crossref doi:
https://doi.org/10.37547/ijasr-04-12-22
N.O. Odilkhonova
Associate Professor, Namangan Institute of Textile Industry, Uzbekistan
Volume 04 Issue 12-2024
144
International Journal of Advance Scientific Research
(ISSN
–
2750-1396)
VOLUME
04
ISSUE
12
Pages:
143-146
OCLC
–
1368736135
The assortment of fabrics is updated annually by
10-15% due to the discontinuation of fabrics that
are not in demand among the population and the
introduction of new fabrics. The greatest
assortment renewal is achieved through the use
of chemical fibers, textured and metallized
threads, fancy and highly bulky yarns [1].
The assortment of cotton fabrics primarily
includes household fabrics used to produce
various clothing items: underwear, bed linen,
tablecloths,
dresses,
robes,
sundresses,
sportswear, special clothing, and more. Cotton
fabrics can be made from both single and twisted
yarns in the warp and weft.
According to the trade catalog, cotton fabrics are
divided into 17 groups: calico, percale, linen,
satin, dress, clothing, lining, pile, etc. Some groups
are further divided into subgroups: linen fabrics
are classified into percale, muslin, and special-
purpose fabrics, etc. [1].
Linen fabrics include materials for underwear,
bed linen, towels, handkerchiefs, and tablecloths.
For underwear and bed linen, primarily cotton
and linen fabrics are used. These fabrics are
mostly produced using plain weaves, with
minimal finishing, low relative density (40-60%),
and surface density (80-140 g/m²). They are
predominantly bleached and less often colored or
patterned with borders [2].
Sheets and duvet covers are made from cotton,
linen, and semi-linen fabrics, as well as linen-
polyester blends. Pillowcases are manufactured
from percale, cloth, satin, ticking, and other
materials.
Since cotton fabric is the most demanded material
for bed linen, our research focused on studying it.
For comparison, we selected samples of three
types of cotton fabrics with widths of 220 cm, 220
cm, and 230 cm. Before testing, the samples were
conditioned in normal climatic conditions as per
GOST 10681
–
75. Testing was conducted in the
laboratory of the Department of Knitting
Technology at the Namangan Institute of Textile
Industry. The quality indicators of the selected
fabric samples, intended for bed linen, were
studied using modern equipment.
Bedding fabrics must meet certain hygienic
requirements: they must be hygroscopic,
breathable, soft, sufficiently white, and retain
their properties after washing. Since bedding
fabrics are exposed to significant physical,
chemical, and mechanical effects during wear and
washing, they must be strong, resistant to
abrasion, water, sweat, soap, and high
temperatures during washing and ironing. The
shrinkage of bedding fabrics should not exceed
3% [3].
Textile fabrics used for bed linen must have a
surface density of at least 110 g/m². Dimensional
changes after wet treatment should not exceed
minus 5.0% [4]. Therefore, we verified the
compliance of the three samples with the
standard. Electronic laboratory scales, a YG 141D
fabric thickness gauge, an air permeability tester,
and a YG026T automatic tensile testing machine
were used for testing.
To determine the linear density of threads in the
warp and weft, 10 threads measuring 1 meter
Volume 04 Issue 12-2024
145
International Journal of Advance Scientific Research
(ISSN
–
2750-1396)
VOLUME
04
ISSUE
12
Pages:
143-146
OCLC
–
1368736135
each were taken from each fabric. The surface
density of the fabric was calculated, shrinkage
after wet treatment was measured, and tensile
characteristics of warp and weft threads were
tested. The results are presented in Tables 1 and
2.
Table 1. Fabric indicators
Description
Fabric indicators
1- sample 2- sample 3- sample
Fabric weave
cloth
cloth
cloth
Fabric surface density, g/m
2
129,1
126,8
101
Fabric thickness, mm
0,40
0,43
0,34
Yarn No, Ne
Warp
19
20
19
Weft
18
20
18
Shrinkage, %
Warp
4,4
8,1
7,5
Weft
2
3,1
2
Breathability, sm
3
/sm
2
s
52,44
47,89
75,22
Table 2. Fabric strength indicators
Description
Strеig
ht , H
Elongation,
mm
Elongation,
%
b-work, J Break
time, sek
Warp
Weft
Warp
Weft
Warp
Weft
Warp
Weft
Warp
Weft
1- sample
305
235
107,2 122
53,6 61
1,2 2,1 32,2 36,6
2- sample
242
159
104,8 136,8 52,4 68,4
1,2 1,5 31,4 41,1
3- sample
212
135
94,7 123,2 47,3 61,6
1,35 1,2 28,4 36,9
The air permeability of the first sample is less
than that of the 3rd sample due to the high surface
density of the fabric, and this affects the tensile
strength. That is, the tensile strength results show
that although the same yarn numbers were used
for samples 1 and 3, but due to the denser
structure, samples 1 and 2 are stronger than the
3rd fabric sample.
Volume 04 Issue 12-2024
146
International Journal of Advance Scientific Research
(ISSN
–
2750-1396)
VOLUME
04
ISSUE
12
Pages:
143-146
OCLC
–
1368736135
Figure 1. Fabric strength indicators
The air permeability of the first sample is lower
than that of the third sample due to the higher
surface density of the fabric, which affects tensile
strength. The tensile strength results indicate that
although the same yarn numbers were used for
the first and third samples, the denser structure
of the first and second samples made them
stronger than the third sample.
From the obtained results, it can be concluded
that the same linear density yarns were used for
the first sample (220 cm width) and the third
sample (230 cm width). The surface density of the
first and second samples meets the standard,
while the third sample does not meet the
requirements. Among all samples, the first fabric
sample is fully compliant with quality indicators
for bed linen.
R
EFERENCES
1.
Kiryukhin S.M., Shustov Yu.S., Textile
Materials Science. Moscow: Kolos, 2011.
2.
A.N. Koblyakov, "Laboratory Practice in
Textile Materials Science," Moscow, 1986.
3.
Shustov Yu.S. et al., "Textile Materials Science
Laboratory Practice," Moscow: INFRA-M,
2016.
4.
Interstate Standard. GOST 31307-2005. "Bed
Linen. General Technical Requirements."
Moscow: Standartinform, 2006.
