Volume 05 Issue 08-2025
10
International Journal of Advance Scientific Research
(ISSN
–
2750-1396)
VOLUME
05
ISSUE
08
Pages:
10-16
OCLC
–
1368736135
A
BSTRACT
The article presents the results of a study conducted to determine the effect of the clearance between the
cutting edges of the saw teeth of a rasp drum and the working edge of a grate with a diameter of 15 mm on
the cleaning process. According to the research findings, the highest cleaning efficiency was observed when
the slats had a diameter of 15 mm, the spacing between them was 30 mm, and the distance from the tips
of the saw drum teeth to the edge of the slatted grid was 18 mm. As the distance between the saw drum
tooth tips and the edge of the slatted grid increased from 15 mm to 18 mm, the cleaning efficiency for first-
grade industrial cotton increased from 86. 4% to 90. 5%. However, when the gap increased to 19 mm and
20 mm, the cleaning efficiency decreased to 88. 3%. For third-grade industrial cotton, cleaning efficiency
rose from 87. 6% to 92. 9% as the distance increased up to 18 mm, then dropped to 90. 6% at 19 mm and
20 mm. Additionally, it was determined that as the distance increased, the amount of free fibres and the
contamination of cotton by impurities decreased.
K
EYWORDS
Journal
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Research Article
The Effect of The Improved Grate on The Cleaning Process
Submission Date:
June 15,
2025,
Accepted Date:
July 11, 2025,
Published Date:
August 13, 2025
Crossref doi:
https://doi.org/10.37547/ijasr-05-08-02
M. K. Saparov
Urgench State University, Urgench, Uzbekistan
R. I. Ro‘zmetov
Tashkent Institute of Textile and Light Industry, Tashkent, Uzbekistan
T. O. Tuychiyev
Tashkent Institute of Textile and Light Industry, Tashkent, Uzbekistan
M. X. Axmedov
Tashkent Institute of Textile and Light Industry, Tashkent, Uzbekistan
Volume 05 Issue 08-2025
11
International Journal of Advance Scientific Research
(ISSN
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2750-1396)
VOLUME
05
ISSUE
08
Pages:
10-16
OCLC
–
1368736135
Cotton particle, fibre, impurity, cleaner, saw drum, the working edge of a grate, cleaning efficiency.
I
NTRODUCTION
The cotton cleaning process is a crucial
technological stage that directly affects the quality
indicators of the fibre being produced [1]. If the
impurities contained in raw cotton are not
removed prior to the ginning process, they may
become firmly bound to the fibre, leading to
additional defects [2] and ultimately reducing the
grade of the cotton fibre. Therefore, at cotton
cleaning plants, the cleaning process is performed
immediately after drying [3].
Numerous theoretical and practical studies have
been conducted by researchers to improve cotton
cleaning equipment [4
–
5]. These studies have
examined the effects of various factors on the
cleaning process and the quality of the product,
including the diameter and rotational speed of the
saw drum, the shape of the saw teeth, the design
and dimensions of the slatted grids, the gap
between the saw drum and the slatted grid, the
coverage angle of the slatted grid along the arc of
the saw drum, the types and inclination angles of
the doffing brushes, and the diameter and speed of
the separating brush drum [6].
In both domestic and foreign cotton cleaning
plants, the main working components of
equipment for removing large impurities are
generally designed in a similar configuration.
These include a saw drum, a slatted grid system, a
doffing brush, and a separating-transferring brush,
with minor differences in their dimensions [7].
It has been observed that the use of slatted grids
with varying diameters and spacing on the slatted
grids of foreign cleaning machines enhances the
removal of impurities from raw cotton. This
improvement is primarily due to variations in the
impact and friction forces applied to the cotton, as
well as differences in the movement patterns of the
cotton particles, depending on the design of the
cleaning surfaces [8].
However, while slatted grids of different shapes
can increase cleaning efficiency, they may also have
a negative impact on the natural properties of
cotton. Relying solely on slatted grids of uniform
shape has proven to be less effective. This indicates
that there is still untapped potential to improve the
equipment currently used in cotton cleaning plants
for removing large impurities [9].
In the cleaning process, the slatted grids
—
being
one of the main working components
—
are
typically uniform in shape. As a result, the impact
forces applied by the saw drum as it strikes cotton
particles against the slatted grids remain
consistent, which leads to a decrease in impurity
separation efficiency after a certain stage of
cleaning. This is considered a drawback of the
current equipment [10].
The primary goal of the proposed equipment is to
increase the efficiency of the cleaning process by
using slatted grids with different diameters and
varying gap distances from the saw drum on the
slatted grid. This variation creates a range of
impact forces acting on the cotton, thereby
improving cleaning performance. The task is
Volume 05 Issue 08-2025
12
International Journal of Advance Scientific Research
(ISSN
–
2750-1396)
VOLUME
05
ISSUE
08
Pages:
10-16
OCLC
–
1368736135
implemented as follows: in the section of the cotton
cleaner responsible for removing large impurities,
slatted grids with a greater number of round-
shaped slatted grids of reduced diameter are
installed. These grates are positioned at varying
distances from the saw drums to optimize the
cleaning process.
M
ETHODOLOGY
Research Methodology Based on the findings of our
previous studies, it was determined that using a
slatted grid (slatted grid system) with grates of 15
mm in diameter, spaced 30 mm apart, and a gap of
18 mm between the tips of the saw drum teeth and
the edge of the slatted grate resulted in high
cleaning efficiency (see Figure 1).
1 – saw drum; 2 – slatted grid (kolosnik); 3 – reinforcing base
Figure 1. Diagram of the improved slatted grid with slatted grids.
The improved slatted grate was installed into the
UXK cleaning unit flow, and its effect on the
efficiency of the cleaning technology was
examined. At the beginning of the cleaning line,
four peg-and-lattice drums designed to remove
fine impurities are installed, followed by four UXK
cleaning units in sequence for removing large
impurities, and finally, another four peg-and-lattice
drums are installed at the end of the process. In this
configuration, the improved slatted grids were
installed beneath the main saw drums of all UXK
machines used for large impurity removal. During
the cleaning process, several performance
indicators were analysed, including the loss of
cotton particles along with the impurities, the
content of free fibres in the separated waste, and
overall cleaning efficiency. These indicators were
determined using methods specified in the national
s
tandards (O‘zDSt). The study used raw cotton of
the Khor-150 selection variety, grade II, of
industrial types I and III, with initial moisture
Volume 05 Issue 08-2025
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International Journal of Advance Scientific Research
(ISSN
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2750-1396)
VOLUME
05
ISSUE
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Pages:
10-16
OCLC
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1368736135
contents of 9. 5% and 13. 2%, and initial impurity
contents of 8. 7% and 11. 4%, respectively.
R
ESULTS
The results of the conducted experiments are
presented in the histograms shown in Figures 2
and 3.
– I industrial-grade raw cotton; – III within industrial-grade raw cotton.
Figure 2. Histogram showing the variation in cleaning efficiency at different gap distances between the
tips of the saw drum teeth and the edge of the slatted grid.
The cleaning efficiency of the improved slatted grid
technology for removing fine and large impurities
reached 90. 50% for industrial grade I and 92. 90%
for industrial grade III cotton. Thus, by reducing
the diameter of the slatted grids and setting the gap
between the tips of the saw drum teeth and the
slatted grid surface to 18 mm, the impact point
where the cotton particles hit the slatted grid
surface is optimally selected, resulting in improved
cleaning efficiency of the technology.
The research results indicate that when the
diameter of the slatted grid changes, it is also
necessary to adjust the distance between the tips of
the saw drum teeth and the slatted grid. It is
important to prevent the cotton particles from
striking the lower part of the slatted grid’s
horizontal axis; otherwise, the cotton particles
tend to become mixed with impurities, which
increases contamination. This, in turn, leads to a
higher amount of material reprocessed in the
cotton regenerator and the production of fibres
with lower quality indicators. Therefore, further
studies were conducted to investigate the effect of
the improved slatted grid on the contamination of
cotton with impurities. The results of these studies
are presented as a histogram in Figure 3. 4. 3.
86.4
87.8
89.2
90.5
89.1
88.3
87.6
88.5
90.6
92.9
91.8
90.6
82
84
86
88
90
92
94
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
C
lea
ning
e
ffic
ienc
y
%
Gap distance, mm
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VOLUME
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– I industrial-grade raw cotton; – III within industrial-grade raw cotton.
Figure 3. Histogram showing the dependence of cotton particles mixing with impurities on the gap
distance between the saw drum and the slatted grate in the cleaning technology.
The histogram clearly shows that as the gap
between the slatted grate and the saw drum
increases, the amount of cotton particles mixing
with impurities decreases. The primary reason for
this is that cotton particles tend to strike the
horizontal axis or upper part of the grate, reducing
their tendency to mix with impurities upon impact.
At a gap distance of 15 mm between the saw drum
tooth tips and the edge of the grate, 3. 75% of
cotton particles mixed with impurities was
observed for industrial grade I, while this figure
was 4. 21% for industrial grade III.
The histogram also shows that increasing the gap
from 15 mm to 18 mm results in a decrease in
cotton particle contamination by 1. 06% for grade
I and 1. 07% for grade III. When the throughput of
reprocessed cotton reaches 7 tons/hour for grade
I, the reduction in cotton particles mixing with
impurities amounts to 74. 2 kg/hour. For grade III
with a throughput of 5 tons/hour, this reduction is
53. 5 kg/hour. This reduction leads to a decrease in
the amount of cotton reprocessed by the 1RX
regenerator, thereby increasing the production of
high-quality fibres.
Analyzing the content of free fibres in the
separated impurities during the cleaning process,
it was found that as the gap between the saw drum
and the slatted grid increased from 15 mm to 20
3.75
3.37
2.93
2.69
2.52
2.34
4.21
3.74
3.48
3.14
2.85
2.56
0
1
2
3
4
5
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
C
ontent of
c
ott
on fr
ag
ments
in t
he
im
puriti
es%
Gap distance, mm
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mm, the amount of free fibres decreased, with the
minimum free fibre content observed at a gap of 20
mm.
As the distance between the grate and the saw
drum tooth tips decreases, the forces acting on the
cotton fibres increase, causing fibre breakage.
When cotton particles strike the lower part of the
slatted grid’s horizontal axis, the elongation of the
fibre increases and the friction surface between the
cotton particles and the slatted grid grows, which
leads to some fibre breakage and an increase in the
amount of free fibres.
Therefore, using a slatted grid with slatted grids of
15 mm diameter spaced 30 mm apart and
maintaining a gap of 18 mm between the saw drum
tooth tips and the edge of the slatted grate
improves cleaning efficiency, reduces the amount
of free fibres in impurities, and lowers the quantity
of cotton particles mixed with impurities.
C
ONCLUSION
The highest cleaning efficiency was recorded when
the grate diameter was 15 mm, the spacing
between them was 30 mm, and the gap between
the tips of the saw drum teeth and the edge of the
slatted grid was 18 mm. As the distance between
the tips of the saw drum teeth and the grate edge
increased from 15 mm to 18 mm, cleaning
efficiency for industrial grade I cotton increased
from 86. 4% to 90. 5%, but decreased to 88. 3%
when the gap reached 19 and 20 mm. For industrial
grade III cotton, efficiency rose from 87. 6% to 92.
9% as the gap increased to 18 mm, then declined to
90. 6% at gaps of 19 and 20 mm. Additionally, it
was observed that both the amount of free fibres
and the mixing of cotton particles with impurities
decreased as the gap distance increased.
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