Volume 04 Issue 01-2024
41
International Journal Of History And Political Sciences
(ISSN
–
2771-2222)
VOLUME
04
ISSUE
01
P
AGES
:
41-44
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.
705
)
(2022:
5.
705
)
(2023:
6.
713
)
OCLC
–
1121105677
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
ABSTRACT
This article analyzes academician Khadicha Sulaimanova's development of science, efforts to establish a legal state,
exemplary life path and scientific and cultural heritage, her becoming the first female Uzbek lawyer and judge,
development of legal science, justice of the Uzbek SSR activities in the positions of minister and chief judge, being
recognized as a coach, academician and public figure, participation in international scientific conferences, as well as
the events leading up to his death are shown in sequence.
KEYWORDS
Minister of Justice of the Uzbek SSR, Chairwoman of the Supreme Court of the UzSSR, codification, systematization,
state legal system, Soviet courts, gender equality, forensic expertise.
INTRODUCTION
It is no exaggeration to say that there are only a few of
our compatriots who made a great contribution to the
development of the legal system of the Republic of
Uzbekistan. One of them will be a famous scientist,
doctor of legal sciences, professor, full member of the
Academy of Sciences of the Uzbek SSR Sulaymanova
Khadicha Sulaymonovna. She is considered the first
female legal scholar and judge in the history of
Uzbekistan.
Khadicha Sulaymanova was born on July 3, 1913 in the
city of Andizhan in the family of intellectuals. From her
youth, she was distinguished among her peers by her
talent, hard work and fairness. However, ego youth
was surrounded by many difficulties, namely social and
political changes that occurred in the Turkestan region,
premature death of ego, and also situational, which
was related to the results of the "Hujum" movement in
1926, and other processes that affected the ego's
worldview.
Research Article
KHADICHA SULAYMANOVA IS THE FIRST UZBEK LEGAL SCIENTIST
Submission Date:
January 08, 2024,
Accepted Date:
January 13, 2024,
Published Date:
January 18, 2024
Crossref doi:
https://doi.org/10.37547/ijhps/Volume04Issue01-07
Ismoiljonova Mubinakhon Umidjon Kizi
Andijan State University, Faculty Of History 3rd Year Student, Uzbekistan
Khusanboy Madaminjonovich Muminov
Scientific Supervisor, Associate Professor Of Andizhan State University, Andizhan Region, Republic Of
Uzbekistan
Journal
Website:
https://theusajournals.
com/index.php/ijhps
Copyright:
Original
content from this work
may be used under the
terms of the creative
commons
attributes
4.0 licence.
Volume 04 Issue 01-2024
42
International Journal Of History And Political Sciences
(ISSN
–
2771-2222)
VOLUME
04
ISSUE
01
P
AGES
:
41-44
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.
705
)
(2022:
5.
705
)
(2023:
6.
713
)
OCLC
–
1121105677
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
It should be said that the scientific and cultural heritage
he left for the development of our country, his
contribution to the development of science and his
efforts to establish a legal state are showing their
results today. At this point, we think that it would be
appropriate to highlight the scientific and cultural
heritage of Khadicha Sulaymanova and her
contribution to the development of science. Due to her
interest in science during her student years, in 1938 she
entered graduate school at the Moscow Law Institute
at the department of Soviet criminal law. It was from
this year that he began his scientific activity.
On July 20, 1945, she defended her first candidate's
dissertation on the topic “Criminal legislation of the
Uzbek SSR during the period of military intervention
and civil war” in Moscow and returned to Tashkent as
a candidate of legal sciences. It is worth noting that
Khadicha Sulaymanova became the first woman to
receive an academic degree in law. And in 1948, she
was sent as a doctoral student to the Institute of Law
of the USSR Academy of Sciences, where two of his
articles were soon published: “The emergence of
Soviet criminal law in Uzbekistan” and “The history of
the creation of Soviet courts in the Uzbek SSR”.
In 1950, Kh.S. Sulaymanova defended her doctoral
dissertation and received the academic title of
professor. In addition, he became the first lawyer,
creating the history of Soviet criminal law and law in
Uzbekistan, as well as in the Soviet court. Taking into
account the needs of the time, she was the first to give
a detailed description of the Criminal Code of the
UzSSR and, commenting on the socialist nature of the
code, highlighted its features, namely the causes of
crime in the region, ways to prevent crimes and ensure
fair punishment, explaining the procedure. For the
above initiatives, in 1954, the Presidium of the Supreme
Council of the Uzbek SSR awarded her the honorary
title “Honored Scientist of the Uzbek SSR”.
In 1956, for her great services in the development of
legal science, she was elected a full member of the
Academy of Sciences of the Uzbek SSR. Simultaneously
with the development of legal science, Khadicha
Sulaymanova diligently began building a rule of law
state. Its initial goal was to ensure women's rights, as
well as create conditions for their work in government
institutions.
It is known that in the conditions of that time, women's
rights were not recognized by society, gender equality
was not ensured, and many women were forced to live
suffering from violations and crimes. However, X.S.
Sulaymanova decided to put an end to this. She first
began working as a judge at the age of 22 after
graduating from the Faculty of Law at the Tashkent
Institute of Soviet Construction and Law named after
Jakhon Abidova. During her tenure as a judge, she tries
to investigate the causes of various offenses and
crimes and apply fair punishments to criminals. Due to
her young age, Khadicha Suleymanova has been
engaged in scientific activities for many years and is
trying to gain experience.
Finally, in 1956, Kh.S. Sulaymonova was appointed to
the post of Minister of Justice of the Uzbek SSR. It was
from this period that he became the initiator of many
legal reforms and, one after another, eliminated the
shortcomings of the state's legal system. Despite the
fact that she was a minister, she personally headed
inspection groups sent to the Karakalpak Autonomous
Soviet Socialist Republic, Samarkand, Bukhara,
Andizhan, Fergana and other regions, mainly
monitoring the issuance of fair decisions by employees
of the judicial system. Kh.S. Sulaymanova said about
the checks: “Any check should serve to correct the
errors and shortcomings of the judges!”. In addition,
Volume 04 Issue 01-2024
43
International Journal Of History And Political Sciences
(ISSN
–
2771-2222)
VOLUME
04
ISSUE
01
P
AGES
:
41-44
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.
705
)
(2022:
5.
705
)
(2023:
6.
713
)
OCLC
–
1121105677
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
during her activity, Kh.S. Sulaymanova took an active
part in the preparation of the new Criminal, Criminal
procedure, Civil and Civil procedure codes.
In particular, she personally supervised the preparation
of the Criminal Code of the Uzbek SSR. At that time,
solving crimes was slow, and the forensic research
laboratory did not meet the requirements of the time.
In 1958, on the initiative of Kh.S. Sulaymonova, the
Tashkent Scientific Research Institute of Forensic
Expertise was created. The creation of this institution
was of great importance in solving and eliminating
many crimes, as well as in solving legal problems.
Today this institute bears the name of academician
Kh.S. Sulaymonova. In 1964, she was appointed to the
post of Chairman of the Supreme Court of the Republic
for the implementation of legal reforms during her
tenure as Minister of Justice of the Uzbek SSR.
Working in such a responsible position, she began to
improve the judicial system. Having studied local
conditions, she makes a proposal to the Presidium of
the Supreme Council of the Uzbek SSR, to the Supreme
Court on the codification and systematization of
legislation, generalization of judicial practice, and the
creation
of
appeal
departments.
Khadicha
Sulaymanova
was
against
unjustifiably
cruel
punishments and believed that only fair punishments
would bring prosperity to society. In addition, she
established the procedure for considering citizens'
appeals. To be an example for everyone, she herself
considered citizens' complaints and solved their
problems. In order to ensure fair decision-making in the
judicial system, Kh.S. Sulaymanova paid special
attention to the observance of the principle of
humanity. Work in high and responsible positions
made Khadicha Sulaymonova one of the prominent
public figures. She carried out a number of activities to
improve the judicial system, ensure the well-being of
society, and prevent violations of women's rights. For
example, she participated in several international
conferences, studied international legal experience
and improved the legal system of the Uzbek SSR. For
example, Khadicha Sulaymanova participated in the III
International Congress of Sociologists in Amsterdam
(1956), II UN Congress in London (1960), VII Congress
of the International Association of Democratic Lawyers
in Sofia (1960), I Conference of Asian and African
Women in Cairo (1961) and the Asian woman became a
participant in the International Conference of African
Lawyers.
In addition, Kh.S. Sulaymanova became an academic
mentor to a group of prominent government officials.
Under his leadership M.Kh. Khakimov, F.A. Akhmedov,
T.A. Ayubov, E.Kh. Khakimov, M.G. Ikramova and
others wrote and defended a dissertation for the
degree of candidate of legal sciences. Among Khadicha
Sulaymanova’s students is her first graduate student
M.S. Vosikova stands out. Thanks to the talent of M.S.
Vasikova and the knowledge of her teacher, she was
appointed to the post of Minister of Justice of the
republic. The Soviet government of that time highly
appreciated the political, scientific, pedagogical and
social activities of academician Khadicha Sulaymanova.
In 1954, she was awarded the medal "For Valiant
Labour in the Great Patriotic War 1941
–
1945". In 1955
she was awarded the Order of "The Badge of Honour".
Also, Kh.S. Sulaymonova became the owner of
Honorary Badges of the Supreme Council of the UzSSR
for her activities. She died on November 26, 1965 as a
result of a long and serious illness. Despite her short
life, she managed to do a lot and earn the respect of
her people. In particular, she made a great contribution
to the establishment of a fair society in the republic and
the formation of the judiciary. Her main scientific
works are devoted to issues of criminal law, in
Volume 04 Issue 01-2024
44
International Journal Of History And Political Sciences
(ISSN
–
2771-2222)
VOLUME
04
ISSUE
01
P
AGES
:
41-44
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.
705
)
(2022:
5.
705
)
(2023:
6.
713
)
OCLC
–
1121105677
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
particular,
the
origin
and
development
of
jurisprudence in Uzbekistan, and women's rights.
Undoubtedly, the life path and activities of Khadicha
Sulaymanova remained in the memory of our people as
the first legal scholar, statesman and great teacher.
REFERENCES
1.
Sulaymanova Kh.S. History of the Soviet state and
law of Uzbekistan … / Resp. ed.: A. Ishanov, Kh.
Sulaymanova.
–
Tashkent: Academy of Sciences of
the UzSSR, 1960. Volume 1.
–
511 p; 1963. Volume 2.
–
825 p; 1966. Volume 3.
–
675 p.
2.
Khakimov M.Kh. Academician Khadicha.
–
Tashkent: Uzbekistan, 1972.
–
P.83.
3.
Khakimov M. and others. Khadicha Sulaymanova
–
lawyer, scientist, statesman / M. Khakimov, G.
Akhmedov, A. Saidov.
–
Tashkent: Uzbekistan,
1993.
–
151 p.
4.
Tashkent encyclopedia. - Tashkent: National
Encyclopedia of Uzbekistan, 2009. pp. 497-498.
5.
Shamsutdinov R., Muminov Kh. History of
Uzbekistan: Study guide. Tashkent: Fan, 2020. pp.
313-314.
