Volume 03 Issue 04-2023
1
International Journal Of History And Political Sciences
(ISSN
–
2771-2222)
VOLUME
03
ISSUE
04
Pages:
01-03
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.
705
)
(2022:
5.
705
)
(2023:
6.
713
)
OCLC
–
1121105677
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
ABSTRACT
The article describes the periods of the history of ensuring public order and security. Also, the reforms implemented
in these periods and their results are mentioned
KEYWORDS
Public order, public security, the period before the occupation of Tsarist Russia, the period of the rule of Tsarist Russia
and the Soviet Union, the period of independence.
INTRODUCTION
Ensuring public order and security has been considered
one of the urgent issues at all stages of human
civilization. Performance of this important task
differed in that it was assigned to structures and
officials with different names and structures in
different periods.
We will study the history of public order and security
systems in our country in 3 periods - 1. The period
before the occupation of Tsarist Russia; 2. The period
of rule of Tsarist Russia and the Soviet Union; 3. The
period of independence.
The period before the occupation of Tsarist Russia,
including many years, is characterized by the fact that
a lot of work was carried out to ensure public order and
safety in residential areas. For example, in the 8th-9th
centuries, after the Arab conquest, the Islamic
worldview began to spread widely in all spheres of
society and in the state administration and legal
system. During this period, the task of ensuring public
Research Article
HISTORY OF PUBLIC ORDER AND SAFETY
Submission Date:
April 20, 2023,
Accepted Date:
April 25, 2023,
Published Date:
April 30, 2023
Crossref doi:
https://doi.org/10.37547/ijhps/Volume03Issue04-01
Azimov Umid Gafurovich
The Head Of The National Guard Kashkadare Regional Administration Is Colonel, Uzbekistan
Journal
Website:
https://theusajournals.
com/index.php/ijhps
Copyright:
Original
content from this work
may be used under the
terms of the creative
commons
attributes
4.0 licence.
Volume 03 Issue 04-2023
2
International Journal Of History And Political Sciences
(ISSN
–
2771-2222)
VOLUME
03
ISSUE
04
Pages:
01-03
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.
705
)
(2022:
5.
705
)
(2023:
6.
713
)
OCLC
–
1121105677
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
order and security was carried out by units called
"Shorta". The heads of these offices, appointed by the
Caliph and governors, were called "Sohibil Shurta".
They were responsible for the safety of people's lives,
health and property.
We can see that the integration of thoughts and ideas
about ensuring peace and tranquility, legal relations in
the management of the country into a certain system
coincides with the Timurid period in the Turan land. In
his constitution, Amir Temur expressed very rich and
still relevant thoughts and ideas about the role of law
in the management of the state, the importance of
maintaining law and order, prevention of crime,
injustice and immorality, and to manage the kingdom.
directly implemented. That is why the first President of
Uzbekistan, I. Karimov, said that "a person who reads
Amir Temur's tuzuks will feel as if he has found the
answer to the big problems of today." The history of
maintaining law and order, ensuring public order and
security in Central Asia during the Khanate period can
be connected with the activities of mirshabs, who were
considered to be holders of administrative positions. In
residential areas, mirshabs were engaged in ensuring
public order and safety, preventing violations of Sharia
rules, keeping and guarding convicts in prison. Usually,
they are subordinate to the head of the centurion and
the head of the army and the sources mention that
they carried out their activities at the discretion of the
thousand-bashi and senior elders.
Usually, mirshabs began to perform their duties in the
evening, that is, as soon as the markets, shops,
workshops and city gates were closed, as soon as the
working hours ended. That is why they were called
"night rulers" (Arab. mir-hukmdor, shab-tun). It is also
their duty to ensure the safety of ambassadors of other
countries.
So, in the period before the conquest of Tsarist Russia,
the nature of the activities of the forces that ensure
public order and security in the society was to ensure
order based on the Sharia rules in the bazaar-ochar and
other public places, and to protect the population from
unjust and immoral decisions of local officials and
wealthy individuals. reflected in the protection against
the effects.
The second period, the period of Tsarist Russia and the
rule of the Soviet Union, includes almost 130 years.
With the establishment of the rule of Tsarist Russia, the
activity of people's courts was first established and
they were given certain powers to ensure public order
and security, while the 1982 "Regulation on the
Administration of the Turkestan Territory" In
accordance with this, this power is assigned to the
military governors, as well as the head of the uyezd and
his assistant, the district bailiff, in case of violation of
public order, have the authority to impose
administrative sanctions against the local and non-local
population, in particular, imprisonment or a certain
amount of fine. . In this period of the formation and
development of the system of public order and
security in Turkestan, we can see that the bodies
operating on the basis of Sharia norms were gradually
transferred to the agencies operating on the basis of
legal norms.
By the 60s of the 20th centuries, attention to the field
of public order and security increased, and in 1962, the
Ministry of Public Order of the Uzbek SSR was
reorganized. In general, during this period, specialized
structures that ensure public order and security were
formed in the residential areas, and in their activities,
activities aimed at preventing vices such as
hooliganism, drunkenness, and gratuity were carried
out in the society, but we can see that crime has
increased in the country. During the period of
Volume 03 Issue 04-2023
3
International Journal Of History And Political Sciences
(ISSN
–
2771-2222)
VOLUME
03
ISSUE
04
Pages:
01-03
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.
705
)
(2022:
5.
705
)
(2023:
6.
713
)
OCLC
–
1121105677
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
independence, great attention was paid to the area of
public order and security in residential areas. The
administrative order left over from the previous era,
the decisions that were made in favor of the "center"
and not the local population, and the system and
methods that undermined people's honor and
reputation were abandoned. But there were many
tasks that needed to be done.
According to the Decision of the Cabinet of Ministers
of the Republic of Uzbekistan dated April 12, 1999, in
2001, police bases were established in all 444
neighborhoods of Tashkent, and about 1,200
preventive inspectors were established in them.
The Decree of the President of the Republic of
Uzbekistan dated March 27, 2001 "On Measures to
Improve the Activities of Internal Affairs Agencies" and
the Decree of the Cabinet of Ministers "On Fighting
Crime in the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Republic
of Uzbekistan" adopted on June 6, 2001 Resolution of
the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan dated April
10, 2017 "On measures to strengthen the role of
preventive services" Decree No. PF-5005 of November
29, 2021 "On measures to strengthen their
responsibility in providing "The adoption of the decree
initiated many changes in the industry system. As a
result, the activities of prevention inspectors were
launched in the most remote villages, villages and
neighborhoods of our country. In conclusion, it is
necessary to say that such changes have made it
possible to fundamentally revise and strengthen the
work on prevention of offenses, identification and
elimination of causes and situations that lead to the
commission of a crime. This has led to a significant
reduction in crime-related cases in our country.
REFERENCES
1.
The President of the Republic of Uzbekistan dated
April 10, 2017, "Measures to radically increase the
effectiveness of the internal affairs bodies, to
strengthen their responsibility in ensuring public
order, citizens' rights, freedoms and legitimate
interests on" Decree No. PF-5005.
2.
Decree of the President of the Republic of
Uzbekistan dated March 26, 2021 No. PF-6196
Decree
3.
Decree of the President of the Republic of
Uzbekistan dated November 29, 2021 "On approval
of the concept of public safety of the Republic of
Uzbekistan and measures for its implementation"
4.
I. Karimov. Uzbekistan: national independence,
economy, politics, ideology. T.1. -T., 1996. -B.198.
5.
Azamat Zia. History of Uzbek statehood: (From the
earliest times to the Russian invasion). -T., 2000. -
B.171.
