Volume 03 Issue 10-2023
15
International Journal Of Law And Criminology
(ISSN
–
2771-2214)
VOLUME
03
ISSUE
10
Pages:
15-20
SJIF
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(2021:
5.
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(2022:
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1121105677
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
ABSTRACT
Special attention is being paid to ensuring a peaceful and tranquil life of the population and to forming a culture of
law-abidingness and public safety as part of the large-scale reforms implemented in our country. In particular,
completely new mechanisms and procedures for organizing work in the direction of public safety on the basis of the
principle of “Serving the interests of the people” are introduced, and mutual purposeful cooperation of state bodies
with public structures is established.
KEYWORDS
Tranquillity of the country, pandemics, natural and man-made disasters.
INTRODUCTION
At the same time, various dangers and conflicts that
are intensifying in the world, threats to the peace and
tranquility of the country, pandemics, natural and man-
made disasters impose the task of further improving
their activities on the basis of the pri
ority idea of “All
efforts for human dignity” .
The place and role of crime prevention in the policy of
combating crime is significantly increasing due to
fundamental reforms in the field of justice and law in
our country. A completely new system of crime
prevention and fighting against crime was created,
which meets the requirements of the time during the
past period. “It is not only the threat of punishment
and dealing with the consequences of offences, but
the early prevention of illegal actions has become the
most urgent task” .
It is known that ensuring public order and safety is
recognized as one of the main functions of the state. In
order
to
implement
this
function,
various
organizational and legal mechanisms are developed
and implemented. In particular, the fact that
thousands of political, cultural and sports mass events
Research Article
THE EFFICIENCY OF ORGANIZATION OF MEASURES TO ENSURE PUBLIC
SAFET
Y BASED ON THE PRINCIPLE OF “SERVING HUMAN INTERESTS”
Submission Date:
October 03, 2023,
Accepted Date:
October 08, 2023,
Published Date:
October 13, 2023
Crossref doi:
https://doi.org/10.37547/ijlc/Volume03Issue10-04
Qodirov Umidjon Abdimuratovich
Independent Researcher Of The Academy Of The Mia Of The Republic Of Uzbekistan, Cand.Of Law Sciences,
Associate Professor, Uzbekistan
Journal
Website:
https://theusajournals.
com/index.php/ijlc
Copyright:
Original
content from this work
may be used under the
terms of the creative
commons
attributes
4.0 licence.
Volume 03 Issue 10-2023
16
International Journal Of Law And Criminology
(ISSN
–
2771-2214)
VOLUME
03
ISSUE
10
Pages:
15-20
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.
705
)
(2022:
5.
705
)
(2023:
6.
584
)
OCLC
–
1121105677
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
are held every year in our republic is a proof of the rule
of peace and tranquility in our country.
Public safety is a state of protection of the vital
interests of the individual, society and the state from
the consequences of criminal and other illegal actions,
social conflicts, natural disasters, earthquakes,
epidemics, epizootics, man-made disasters, accidents
and fires.
Although legal documents usually use the terms
“maintenance” (protection) in relation to public order
and “ensure” in relation to public safety, the content
of these types of law enforcement activities are mostly
consistent.
The concept of public safety is defined as a state of
protection of the vital interests of the individual,
society and the state as a result of other illegal actions
and social conflicts, natural disasters, epidemics,
epizootics, accidents, and extraordinary situations
caused by fire.
It should be noted that the analysis of the essence of
the
concepts of “public order” and “public safety”
shows that although they are different from each
other, their maintenance is interrelated and
complementary, and it is very difficult to separate one
from the other. Maintaining public order includes the
concepts of ensuring personal safety of citizens and
public safety at the same time. However, although the
concepts of “personal security of citizens” and “public
security” are related to the concept of “public order”,
they differ from each other.
Despite the widespread use of these concepts in the
legislation of our country and within legal science, a
unified approach to their definition has not yet been
developed in the legal literature . Such an approach
requires revealing the essence of concepts such as
“public event”, “public order”, “public safety” and
forming their theoretical definitions.
In our opinion, it shows that there is no single opinion
and unanimity regarding the concept of maintaining
public order and safety. In particular, the French
scientist George Wedel put forward the opinion that
“Safety is an activity aimed at preventing dangers that
threaten the community or certain individuals, and it
includes threats to state security and the prevention of
simple accidents” .
The Austrian scientist I. Peters
comments that “Public
safety is understood as a set of rules that are the main
condition for an individual’s compliance with all the
regulated and unwritten rules of behavior in society, as
well as for the state and citizens to operate and live in
th
e same space” .
The Russian scientist B.P.Kondrashev put forward the
concept that “public safety is to ensure the integrity
and inviolability of the material goods and spiritual
values of the society” in this regard . According to the
Russian law scholar E.F.Kolontaevsky, public order is to
determine the system of public relations, to create
conditions for the operation of enterprises, institutions
and public organizations, and to ensure public safety .
To elucidate the issue, it can be concluded that public
order and public safety are different types of social
relations, and there is a close connection between
them: each of these group relations is a condition for
the existence of the other. In addition, the content of
public order and public security corresponds to the
area where relevant social relations ensure respect for
the dignity and worth of the individual, which are vital
interests of the individual and society, and respect for
the peace of the society and the individual.
The threat to public safety is the use of railway, water,
air, road transport, traffic, construction, road and
Volume 03 Issue 10-2023
17
International Journal Of Law And Criminology
(ISSN
–
2771-2214)
VOLUME
03
ISSUE
10
Pages:
15-20
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.
705
)
(2022:
5.
705
)
(2023:
6.
584
)
OCLC
–
1121105677
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
other work rules, use of fire-hazardous structures and
devices, as well as handling of explosive materials and
other dangerous objects and substances. It occurs
when the abovementioned requirements are violated.
Therefore, there are the risk to public safety in the
following cases: when the rules of operation of railway,
river, highway vehicles are violated, when the rules of
traffic are not observed, when the rules of technical
safety are violated during construction, road
construction and other works, when operating fire-
hazardous objects and devices, firearms, ammunition,
when handling drugs, explosive materials, highly toxic
substances, radioactive isotopes and other dangerous
objects and things.
In our opinion, public safety is a state of protection of
the vital interests of the individual, society and the
state from the consequences of criminal and other
illegal activities, social conflicts, natural disasters,
earthquakes, epidemics, epizootics, major disasters,
accidents and fires. Therefore, it is important to
consider it from different perspectives, including the
definition of the object of control and the methods of
influence.
Today, the changes taking place in the political and
social life of our country, especially the tasks related to
the security and stability of our country, require a very
serious approach, in which systematic, clear and legal
division of the actions of the internal affairs bodies and
their regular improvement is one of the issues awaiting
its solution.
Over the past period, extensive work was carried out
to improve the system of internal affairs bodies. In
particular, significant work was done on the
development and strengthening of the lower level of
the internal affairs bodies, which was established to
maintain public order in the neighborhoods, ensure the
safety of citizens, prevent offenses and fight against
crime.
In fact, the internal affairs bodies ensure the existence
of peace and stability in the country, the rights and
freedoms of citizens of independent Uzbekistan. A
number of Decrees were adopted as a logical
continuation of the ongoing reforms in the system of
internal affairs bodies in order to more firmly
guarantee the provision of life, freedom, honor, dignity
and other inviolable rights of a person recognized as
the highest value in Uzbekistan. For instance,
Resolution No. PR-6196 of the President of the
Republic of Uzbekistan dated on March 26, 2021 “On
measures to raise the quality of the activities of internal
affairs bodies to a new level in the field of ensuring
public safety and fighting crime” , Decree No. PD
-5050
“On additional organizational measures to further
improve the activities of internal affairs bodies in the
field of
ensuring public safety and fighting crime” on
April 2, 2021 , Decree No. PD-
5076 “On measures to
introduce a qualitatively new system of training
professional personnel for internal affairs bodies” on
April 15, 2021 are primarily examples.
These normative-legal documents adopted by the
head of state define a number of tasks, such as
improving the activities of internal affairs bodies,
regulating them, preventing crimes, ensuring public
safety and fighting crime.
Correspondingly, the work of the internal affairs
bodies in the fight against crime, prevention of
violations, maintaining public order and ensuring the
safety of citizens, and increasing the legal awareness
of the population has also improved. The most
important thing is that the cooperation of the system
employees with the people has been strengthened.
Special attention was paid to fight together with the
general public against situations that affect the peace
Volume 03 Issue 10-2023
18
International Journal Of Law And Criminology
(ISSN
–
2771-2214)
VOLUME
03
ISSUE
10
Pages:
15-20
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.
705
)
(2022:
5.
705
)
(2023:
6.
584
)
OCLC
–
1121105677
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
of the country and have a negative impact on the
development of the society.
Establishing stability, peace and tranquility in society,
ensuring unconditional observance of human rights
and freedoms is an important condition for achieving
the goals set by the large-scale reforms that are being
implemented to further develop the country from a
socio-economic point of view, increase the well-being
of the population, and build a legal democratic state.
A comprehensive legal system has been created in the
republic to protect the rights, freedoms and legal
interests of citizens, to maintain public order, to ensure
the safety of individuals, society and the state, to
prevent and prevent crimes, in which internal affairs
bodies play an important role.
As a result of the reforms that have been implemented
over the past years to improve the activities of the
internal affairs bodies, including its focus on
maintaining public order and ensuring safety, first of
all, the activities of all the sectoral services of the
Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Republic of
Uzbekistan and their local sub-structures have been
improved based on the requirements of the time, their
organizational structure and main tasks were clearly
defined. In addition, the activities of the internal affairs
bodies, in particular, its patrol-post service units, in
order to maintain public order and security during
public events, have been improved, and the
responsibility of the employees serving in them has
been increased. Along with all the sectoral services of
internal affairs bodies, the system of patrol post and
public order maintenance service, which is directly
involved in the maintenance of public order and
security, has been improved.
The material and technical base of field services,
structural structures and military units, whose main
task in the system of internal affairs bodies is to
maintain public order and ensure safety, was
improved, they were provided with modern motor
vehicles, computers and communication tools, service
weapons, and finally, the activities of internal affairs
bodies, in particular, its activity in maintaining public
order and ensuring its safety is being legally
strengthened.
President of the Republic of Uzbekistan Shavkat
Mirziyoyev mentioned at the extended meeting of the
Security Council that, “Today, we are doing great work
aimed at ensuring public order in our country based on
the concept of “Safe city
-
safe country”. From this
time onward, the National Guard is responsible and
accountable for the implementation of the safe zone
project in each city and region, and for maintaining
public order, together with the Ministry of Internal
Affairs” .
The practice shows that the National Guard is
responsible for all events together with the Ministry of
Internal Affairs. At public events, the internal affairs
and National Guard officers ensure public order within
their authority to fulfill the requirements set for this
event, if the failure to comply with the legal
requirements of the internal affairs officer to stop the
offense, to submit documents for inspection, or the
failure to comply with the legal requirements related
to the maintenance of public order entails
administrative responsibility.
In our opinion, one of the serious problems today is
administrative and legal problems in ensuring road
safety in places where mass events are held. In
particular, the Law of the Republic of Uzbekistan on
Road Traffic Safety does not specify the legal powers
of the Ministry of Internal Affairs regarding the
requirements for traffic safety and storage areas in the
area specified by the Road Safety Department of the
Volume 03 Issue 10-2023
19
International Journal Of Law And Criminology
(ISSN
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2771-2214)
VOLUME
03
ISSUE
10
Pages:
15-20
SJIF
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FACTOR
(2021:
5.
705
)
(2022:
5.
705
)
(2023:
6.
584
)
OCLC
–
1121105677
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
Ministry of Internal Affairs for the construction project
of places where public events will be held.
As a result, traffic movements or parking spaces in the
recently built theaters, concert halls, restaurants,
supermarkets and other public events do not respond
to traffic safety in general.
Measures are taken to ensure road traffic safety and
limit or prohibit the movement of vehicles as much as
possible around the object where the public event is
held . These actions of the Road Safety Service of the
Ministry of Internal Affairs are also the cause of
citizens’ dissatisfaction in many cases due to
insufficient legal grounds.
It is extremely necessary to determine the rights and
obligations of all participants involved in public events.
When conducting a public event, the rights of the
internal affairs bodies to surround the areas adjacent
to the object of the public event, and to control the
compliance of the audience with the rules of the event,
are defined. The tasks of the National Guard units are
to assist the units of the internal affairs bodies in
ensuring the public safety of the facility during public
events.
It is necessary to collect information about possible
terrorist threats in the object of the public event or in
the nearby area of the state security service and take
measures to eliminate them by exchanging
information with other law enforcement agencies. The
Ministry of Emergencies should determine the factors
of danger and threats that can cause fire in time, and
ensure their prevention and early prevention of their
occurrence. During public events, the Ministry of
Health should provide emergency medical and first aid
to the victims.
In our views, it is appropriate to introduce changes and
additions to the legal documents of the Republic of
Uzbekistan in order to ensure public order and security
during the above-mentioned events.
As a system of social relations that arise and develop in
public places on the basis of legal and social norms
aimed at maintaining public order, public safety,
normal functioning of organizations, creating full
conditions for citizens to work and rest, respecting
their honor, dignity and universal values. regulated by
many imperative norms that must be followed by legal
subjects.
Administrative-legal
norms
are
also
important in the system of these imperative norms,
firstly, they define mandatory procedures regarding
public order, secondly, they are reflected in the
functions, powers and rights of the relevant executive
authorities to maintain public order, and thirdly, for
violation of public order. determines measures of
administrative liability.
It can be concluded that, the analysis of the above-
mentioned problems confirms, it is necessary to
develop and adopt the draft law of the Republic of
Uzbekistan “On public events” and make changes to a
number of laws related to ensuring public safety during
other public events by now.
CONCLUSION
In conclusion, it can be said that maintaining public
order and ensuring the safety of citizens is one of the
important issues in all countries, and the management
of the structural units engaged in this task is carried out
through various ways and methods. Each country has
its own experience in this field, and their study and
implementation in the system of ensuring public order
and security in our country is one of the urgent issues
today. Because, as the President of the country
Sh.M.Mirziyoev noted, “in order to increase the
effectiveness of internal affairs bodies, we should pay
special attention to the task of wide application of new
Volume 03 Issue 10-2023
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International Journal Of Law And Criminology
(ISSN
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2771-2214)
VOLUME
03
ISSUE
10
Pages:
15-20
SJIF
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MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.
705
)
(2022:
5.
705
)
(2023:
6.
584
)
OCLC
–
1121105677
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
working methods and mechanisms, in particular,
digital technologies, to practical activities, having
studied the advanced experience of developed foreign
countries in depth”.
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Kondrashev B.P. Public safety and administrative
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lex.uz.
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Decree No. PD-
5050 “On additional organizational
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Decree No. PD-
5076 “On measures to introduce a
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Decree PD-2883 of the President of the Republic of
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President of the Republic of Uzbekistan Shavkat
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