Volume 03 Issue 05-2023
12
International Journal Of Literature And Languages
(ISSN
–
2771-2834)
VOLUME
03
ISSUE
05
Pages:
12-15
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.
705
)
(2022:
5.
705
)
(2023:
6.
997
)
OCLC
–
1121105677
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
ABSTRACT
The article discusses the art of talmeh used in the continents included in Alisher Navoi's book "Khazayin ul-Maoni".
Special attention is paid to the role of Talmeh in illuminating the essence of the continents. Continents with characters
such as Qorun, Hamza, Yusuf, Jesus, and Mary were analysed.
KEYWORDS
Genre, continent, talmeh, Qorun, Hamza, Yusuf, Isa, Maryam.
INTRODUCTION
Alisher Navoi, a unique master of artistic imagery, is a
talented artist who has demonstrated his unique
artistic skills in various literary genres and genres. The
continental genre, which occupies an important place
in the poet's work, and the means of artistic
representation used in them are proof of our opinion.
In a series of pamphlets and articles devoted to the
analysis of Alisher Navoi's continents, we encountered
various opinions about the art of this genre. For
example, Navoi scholar Abdurashid Abdugafurov said
about the poems of the poet: "... the poem has its own
qualities, size and freedom of theme, unlike the ghazal.
In the ghazal, subjects that are considered
"unimportant" according to the tradition can be dealt
with freely. Traditional images, allusions and
expressions characteristic of untrustworthiness are
hardly found", he thinks. Literary critic Rahmonkul
Orzibekov emphasized that Navoi's poems are
Research Article
TALMEN ART IN NAVOI CONTINENTS
Submission Date:
May 01, 2023,
Accepted Date:
May 04, 2023,
Published Date:
May 08, 2023
Crossref doi:
https://doi.org/10.37547/ijll/Volume03Issue05-03
Munira Khudoyorova
Doctoral Student Of The Department Of Uzbek Literature Of The Navoi State Pedagogical Institute, Uzbekistan
Journal
Website:
https://theusajournals.
com/index.php/ijll
Copyright:
Original
content from this work
may be used under the
terms of the creative
commons
attributes
4.0 licence.
Volume 03 Issue 05-2023
13
International Journal Of Literature And Languages
(ISSN
–
2771-2834)
VOLUME
03
ISSUE
05
Pages:
12-15
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.
705
)
(2022:
5.
705
)
(2023:
6.
997
)
OCLC
–
1121105677
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
distinguished not only by their high meaning and
philosophy, but also by their beauty and perfection
from an artistic point of view. he uses his verbal
creativity skillfully," he admits. The scientist mentions
the art of talmeh among the means of artistic
representation. Talmeh is one of the most used artistic
representation tools by our classical artists, and it also
determines the artist's general knowledge of religion,
mysticism, history and folklore.
Artistic arts are studied in three big groups according
to the essence. Talmeh (ar: lightning strike; to glance)
belongs to the category of spiritual arts, it is "an art
that allows the poet to express a deep meaning with a
single gesture. Unlike arts such as metaphor and
tashbih, it gives the creator an opportunity to refer to
historical or legendary events, parables, famous works
and images of heroes, and in this way to strengthen his
opinion in a wonderful way.
We come across beautiful examples of talmeh in the
books of Alisher Navoi's "Khazayin ul-Maoni"
collection. Qorun's name, which is mentioned as a
talmeh in the 8th chapter entitled "Tawakkul sifati-yu
betawakkullar mazammati" in "Garayib us-sigar" book,
served to clarify the essence of the chapter on the
philosophical and social topic.
Remember Tawakkul with great memory
Tushar shah olli air of servitude.
His fate is a foot of soup,
Agar ganji Qorun erur muddaosi.
Someone is a slave for a foot of soup,
His face needs the look of a cauldron.
Tawakkul is devotion and complete trust in the Lord.
This is a status related to the perfection of
enlightenment in Sufism, and it is given to guardians.
The full definition of this category is given by Navoi in
"Mahbub ul-Qulub": "My people of Tawakkul, those
who have set foot in the valley of the goal, know the
kindness of the righteous Khan. The work of a brave
and honest person is given by the grace of God, and his
drink is from his wine cellar, and his clothing is from the
gift of charity." Navoi warns those who have forgotten
satisfaction in front of such a gift by means of the
image of Qarun (Qarun is mentioned in "Qasas Surah"
and "Anabut Sura"), which has entered our literature
through the Holy Qur'an. This symbol caused him to
gain land with countless treasures and property due to
his rejection of the fact that the state given to him was
a gift from God and given to arrogance, and according
to the same aspect, he has a firm place in our literature.
The poet says that even though the goals of those who
are in front of the king and who hurt his pride are rich,
their fate is not more than "a foot of soup", and they
deserve a shameful punishment: "the face of a
cauldron".
It is not surprising that the scientist Abdugadir
Hayitmetov, who assessed Navoi's continents as "the
fruits of his first passions in the conflict with marriage",
came from their thematic variety. Navoi recorded the
events he participated in or witnessed first on the
continent and used them as a basis for the great
literary genres to be created. The 38th stanza of
"Navodir ush-shabab" book entitled "The Adventure of
Pahlavon Mourning and the Fate of Manzuri Sabzkhat
Firok" may have been the basis for the creation of the
memoir "Holoti Pahlavon Muhammad" written in
memory of the person whom the poet honored as a
father.
Volume 03 Issue 05-2023
14
International Journal Of Literature And Languages
(ISSN
–
2771-2834)
VOLUME
03
ISSUE
05
Pages:
12-15
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.
705
)
(2022:
5.
705
)
(2023:
6.
997
)
OCLC
–
1121105677
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
Pahlavon erdi is my friend and a great anis.
One died and one died, unfortunately I had a job.
Narrator, you have no sleep last night,
The story is not Hamza, but sometimes it is Yusuf.
Hazrat Navoi writes in his memoirs about his
relationship with his teacher, friend and accountant
Pahlavon Muhammad, who was recognized as unique
in the path of death, unsurpassed in pace and speed,
the sun of the nation and religion: Let's do it so that we
don't forget it, let it be a murder and let it not
disappoint us, let it always be a pain in our hearts.
Maybe we will be the same kind of action, and day by
day the bond of love will be firmer and the rules and
methods of the gift will be more solid and solid.
Turning to the narrator during the sleepless nights of
separation from such a close person, he emphasizes
that this situation does not change even after listening
to the stories of Hamza and Yusuf. The extent of the
pain of separation from the poet's long-time beloved
can be felt from the reference to the stories of Hamza
and Yusuf, which are quoted as talmeh. Hamza is a
historical figure. Our Prophet Muhammad Rasulullah's
uncles were two years older than themselves, and they
were among the first to accept Islam and supported
our Prophet on this path. The heinous crime that
"made Rasulullah the most sad and shed the most
tears" happened in the battle of Uhud. In the battle,
Hamza is killed by Vahshi's sword. The killer cuts from
the chest to the abdomen and pulls out Hamza's liver.
And the worst is done by the Indian. "The hero Hamza,
who blows like the wind of death in battles and
destroys his opponents, is cut off by Hamza's nose,
ears, and genitals. He grinds them and arranges them
on a string, wears a bead around his neck, two
bracelets on both hands, and a halal on his feet. The
Prophet could not forget this sad memory until the end
of his life. When the murderer Vahshi came to them
saying that he was a Muslim, they said to him: "Try not
to be seen as much as possible, you remind me of my
uncle."
The image of Yusuf, who has a firm place in our classic
literature as a symbol of traditional beauty, and the
story related to him are known to many.
Yusuf's stepbrothers, who knew the meaning of the
dream, took him to the meadow under the pretext of
playing and beat him to death. They gave the food they
got for Yusuf from their father to the dogs and threw
themselves into the Ahzan well. Hearing the false news
from his sons that Yusuf was eaten by a wolf, Yaqub
faints. He lies unconscious for a long time. When he
wakes up, he cries a lot and his eyes become weak.
Navoi appropriately used these two sad stories to
express his grief.
It is known that all the continents in the collection of
"Khazayin ul-Maoni" are titled. Titles serve to explain
and highlight the source of the content, the reason for
writing the stanza, and the stated idea. There are such
continents that "the title and the poem are not exactly
a repetition of each other, but each of them has its own
independence" "Badoe' ul-wasat" book entitled
"Pokdomon zuafokim etaklaridin yrunun is melodious
if you bow to the mihrab of the sajjad of the Iranians,
and if you pray at the mihrab, it is melodious" continent
is one such continent. From the title, we can
understand the idea that it is worth praying if one
decorates the mihrab of the holy miracles-women's
skirts with a thread taken from the skirts of women,
and it is worth to see this jeynamaz at the place of the
Volume 03 Issue 05-2023
15
International Journal Of Literature And Languages
(ISSN
–
2771-2834)
VOLUME
03
ISSUE
05
Pages:
12-15
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.
705
)
(2022:
5.
705
)
(2023:
6.
997
)
OCLC
–
1121105677
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
mihrab. And the poetic part provides integrity and
unity with the prose:
A chaste zuafodin is like a zoin,
He is spirited, he is lively, his mind is pure.
It seems that Jesus, the son of Maryam, is born.
Ursa, what the hell is wrong with this old lady?
In our classical literature, the adjectives "spiritual" and
"spiritual" are mentioned together with the names of
Jesus, peace be upon him. Every child born to chaste
women is also a prophet. In the next stanza, the poet
leaves no doubt about his opinion by referring to the
events in the lives of Mary and Jesus. In addition to
these, it is related to historical, religious and folk oral
works such as Khizr, Hotam, Jamshid, Iskandar in Navoi
continents; We come across many examples of talmeh
art created using legendary symbols such as hudhud,
Anqo. Continents were created during the lifetime of
the poet. According to Yakubjon Ishakov, a scholar of
Navoi, it is close to the truth that this art, manifested in
its own style, was first used on the continents, along
with other poetic arts.
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