Computer Science

Numericalrealizationof spectralproblems occupiesan importantplaceinengineeringapplicationsfordeterminingnaturalfrequenciesduringoscillationsandcriticalforcesinstabilityproblems.Inthispaper, we proposea numericalapproachto solvingthe differentialprobleminspectralproblemsfornon-self-adjointoperators.Asanexample, theproblemofdeterminingthe criticalcompressiveforcesandtorquesinthe rodsis considered

Maqola umumta’lim maktablari va akademik litseylarda fizika fanini o‘qitishda innovatsion texnologiyalar asosida interfaol usullarni dars mashg’ulotlarida qo’llash masalalariga bag‘ishlangan. Fizika fanining o‘qitish sifatini yaxshilashda innovatsion texnologiyalarni dars jarayonida samarali qo’llashda o‘qituvchining bilim va mahoratiga, eng muhimi o‘quvchining bilim olish motivatsiyasiga bog‘liqligi ko‘rsatilgan.

This study presents a state-of-the-art approach to optimize fuzzy inference systems (FIS) using genetic algorithms (GA), a powerful evolutionary method inspired by natural selection. Traditional FIS development relies on heuristic tuning of the rule base and relevance functions, which can be inefficient. This study systematically optimizes the FIS rule base, which improves the accuracy, flexibility, and robustness of decision systems. Experimental results show that the complexity of the rule base is significantly reduced while maintaining the system performance. The study also highlights the importance of GA operators such as selection, crossover, and mutation to achieve global optimality. Such integration helps develop intelligent systems that can adapt to real-world situations, yielding promising results for expert systems, automation, and control applications.

In the work, the author analyzed the provisions of the legislation of the Republic of Belarus on open licenses in relation to objects of copyright and related rights. The relevant provisions appeared in the legislation in 2020 and are currently being actively applied in practice. At the same time, certain provisions of the regulation require commission, in particular, a different period of validity of a license is established in a situation where a computer program (computer program) and a database or other objects of copyright and related rights are licensed. Ways of improvement of the legislation are offered.

The article discusses current problems of modern global digital processes and challenges. New trends in the implementation of innovative technologies have been studied, requiring the search for effective legal regulation for their human-oriented implementation in order to achieve sustainable development. In this context, the need to consolidate digital human rights in the UN Global Digital Compact is substantiated as an important basis for the development of international and domestic legal regulation.

Under the influence of digitalization, there is a change in the legal conceptual apparatus, often terms are taken from the exact sciences without specifying their content, which leads to their uncertainty. During the amendments to the constitutional provisions, the category of “digital data”, as a quasi-synonym of the term information, came under special attention. Digitization of data is their translation into a digital universal format using a type of information technology, respectively referred to as digital. Digital technologies deal with machine-readable (digital) data, which, at the moment of their interpretation by a person, are transformed into information. The author believes that digital data is a collection of information recorded on a medium in a form suitable for automated storage, transmission and processing using digital technologies. In addition to digital data, according to the form of presentation, the author distinguishes analog data and quantum data. This classification is important in determining the type of information technology for the search, collection and processing of these types of data.

The article, using a specific example, considers the problems of copyright for works created using neural networks, as well as legislation in the field of education in a situation where a student writes a final qualification work using neural networks. The purpose of the study is to draw attention to these legal problems. The author comes to the conclusion that the improvement of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation and the legislation on education is required.

The variability of maintaining a work record book in the liminal period of transition to electronic document management of personnel document management is considered. A brief historical chronology of the appearance of the work book, its transformation in the process of formation of labor legislation and the development of the structure of the personnel service of enterprises is given. The authors of the publication position the era of «Industry 4.0» as the basis of specific features of electronic personnel document management, while considering the arguments of supporters and opponents of the digital form of recording labor history

The use of digital technologies is important in the training of employees of the penal enforcement system. Today, the digital transformation of education is an update of the content of education and planned learning outcomes, methods of monitoring educational activities on an ongoing basis, that is, it is a complex of transformations based on modern information technologies. The use of digital technologies increases the cognitive activity of students, optimizes the learning process, allows you to give out more information, increases interest in learning and professional activity.

The article deals with the classification of digital technologies in the public law sphere. The author concludes that the issues of understanding and classification criteria for “digital technologies” in the public law sphere have not received adequate coverage in the legal literature. The subject of research in this article is such regularities in the use of certain “digital technologies” in the public law sphere, which may underlie the criteria for their classification. According to the author of this article, the criteria for classifying “digital technologies” in the public law sphere are: a) the purpose of using a particular digital technology in the public law sphere, as well as the features of the course of a particular legal process during which that or other “digital technology”; b) the subject of the development of a particular “digital technology” in the public law sphere; c) the method of distribution of one or another “digital technology”; d) the presence or absence of remuneration for the use of a particular “digital technology” in the public law sphere. The article also discusses the factors affecting the effectiveness of the use of “digital technologies” in the public law sphere.

The article discusses the concept of information about cultural heritage objects. The signs allowing to attribute the information about the cultural heritage objects to the results of intellectual activity are revealed. The opinions of representatives of the scientific community on the issues of legal regulation of the use of information about cultural heritage objects, as well as its legal status, were studied. The problems concerning the circulation of information about cultural heritage objects are formulated: the differentiation of ownership of information, obtaining an exhaustive amount of information about a historical object, the phased appearance and transformation of this information, the absence of a single digital resource. Options for changing the legal regulation are proposed.

The article offers a mathematical model of the dynamics of one of the indicators of crime - the number of persons who have committed crimes. Since the indicator is aggregated, it is considered as a generalized characteristic of the behavior of crime in general. The analysis of the political and legal situation in the country helps to understand the peculiarities in the dynamics of the indicator. Significant differences in situations dictate the need to divide the interval under consideration into two fundamentally different stages. The time series of the second stage is decomposed into two components: the trend and fluctuations relative to the trend. A special mathematical function is selected to simulate vibrations. The adequacy of the modeling results makes it possible to perform short-term criminological forecasting. As one of the reasons determining the dynamics of crimes, it is proposed to consider the economic one. The economic situation in Russia largely depends on the demand on the world oil market. The already tested and described demand model is used for research. The study showed that the oscillatory processes of crime dynamics and the dynamics of global oil demand are adequately described by mathematical models of the same type. A significant correlation coefficient between the models proves the relationship of the indicators.

The digitalization of the economy has radically affected the legal nature of in the labor relations. In addition to traditional labor relations self-employed people have become in demand, as well as work on an Internet platform. The article deals with the development of the regulation of electronic document management in labor relations in Russia and also outlines promising directions for the development of digitalization of labor and other directly related relations in the Russian Federation.

В статье говориться о потенциале использования цифровых технологий для модернизации современного образования, анализируются практические возможности современных технологий, позволяющие улучшить процессы преподавания и обучения. 

The article is devoted to the research of the issue of the content of the concept of «digital public financial control», the formation of which as a separate type of public financial control occurs in connection with the active introduction of digital technologies in public financial activity. The author considers the distinctive features of digital public financial control, the need to distinguish it from the implementation of public financial control with the use of automation in the activities of control bodies.

Abstract. The article studies peculiarities of digital/technological/information sovereignty applied to transport complex. On the basis of the study of the formed domestic approaches and foreign experience, an attempt is made to assess the degree of formation of technological, digital and information sovereignty in relation to the transport complex, Strengths and weaknesses of digitalization processes in transport as a whole are being identified. The basic directions of formation of digital sovereignty under conditions of organizational and legal provision of complex security in transport are defined. By the digital sovereignty of the transport complex it is proposed to understand such a level of development of legal, technological, economic and information interaction within the transport infrastructure, which allows to independently carry out the digital transformation, To create and manage the digital ecosystem of the entire transport complex, as well as to ensure the safety of the critical information infrastructure, without any possibility of impact on its design and sustainability.

Ushbu maqolada obyektlarni tanib olish uchun chuqur o'rganish algoritmlari taxlil qilingan. Bunda real vaqt ilovalari uchun YOLO algoritmi mos kelishi ko’rsatib 0‘tilgan.

Mazkur maqolada ochiq manbali nutqni tanib olish texnologiyalari tahlili keltirilib, unda ularning foydalanish imkoniyatlari baholangan va ushbu tadqiqot doirasidagi tahlillar nutqni aniqlash tizimlarining kelajagini shakllantirishda ochiq manbali tizimlar ta'siri yoritilgan.

Tadqiqot nutqni avtomatik tanib olish (NATO)ning nutqni avtomatik tanib olishning neyron tarmoqlariga bag‘ishlangan. O‘tkazilgan tajriba ma'lum test to‘plami tanlanmalaridan foydalanib, nutqni tanib olishda bir nechta ilovalar taqqoslangan. Ma'lumotlar to‘plami har bir tizim tomonidan Python dasturlash tili ilovalari yordamida tahlil qilindi, chiqish ma'lumotlari normallashtiriladi va WER standartiga muvofiq oldindan transkripsiya qilingan etalon ma'lumotlari bilan taqqoslanadi. Sinov natijalari tahlili o‘tkazilgan, nutqni avtomatik tanib olish tizimining samaradorligi uning elementlarini optimallashtirish va kerakli ma'lumotlar to‘plamidan foydalangan holda o‘qitishga bog‘liqligi to‘g‘risida xulosalar chiqarilgan.

The paper presents a mathematical model and the results of numerical calculations designed to analyze and predict the distribution of pollutants in the atmospheric surface layer. The model accounts for the dynamics of pollutant concentration reduction due to their natural decomposition and photochemical transformation, the influence of changes in wind patterns and terrain topography, and variations in diffusion and turbulent mixing coefficients depending on the stability of atmospheric stratification. High accuracy and stability of results arc achieved through the use of a semi-implicit finite-difference scheme and the method of lines for solving the specified problems.

The article explores the necessity of legal implementation of obligatory labeling of general artificial intelligence’s systems and products. The author provides an analysis of a sociological survey the goal of which was to study the opinion of those involved in the creative and cultural industries as well as those who consume their products. In conclusion, the author provides pros and cons of the implementation of this measure.

In this paper, we construct exact traveling wave solutions of the loaded Korteweg-de Vries and the loaded modified Korteweg-de Vries by the functional variable method. The performance of this method is reliable and effective and gives the exact solitary and periodic wave solutions. All solutions to these equations have been examined and 3D graphics of the obtained solutions have been drawn using the MATLAB program. We get some traveling wave solutions, which are expressed by the hyperbolic functions and trigonometric functions. The graphical representations of some obtained solutions are demonstrated to better understand their physical features, including bell-shaped solitary wave solutions, singular soliton solutions, and solitary wave solutions of kink type. Our results reveal that the method is a very effective and straightforward way offormulating the exact traveling wave solutions of non-linear wave equations arising in mathematical physics and engineering.

The article deals with two main problems of civil law in the context of digitalization: 1) legal personality of artificial intelligence; 2) creation of the results of intellectual activity using artificial intelligence technology. The author comes to the conclusion about the «artificiality» of the existence of the first and the need to solve the second problem in the plane of establishing a new civil law regime. The article reveals the features of the legal regime under consideration.

The article is devoted to the regulation of relations implemented using AL An interdisciplinary approach is required to develop such legislation. Using the example of the problems of determining copyright when creating results of intellectual activity using a neural network, the problems of the legal subjectivity of artificial intelligence are revealed. Even in the absence of legal subjectivity, the results of the neural network’s activities are subject to legal protection, the purpose of which is to respect human rights. There is a need for special regulation of relations using a neural network within the framework of existing branches of law, and the key features of such special regulation are formulated. The work proposes a compromise approach to the legal regulation of neural networks, in which the impossibility of recognizing their legal personality does not exclude their inclusion in legal relations, incl. in terms of extending legal protection to the results of their activities.

Ushbu maqolada iqtisodiyot, mexanika, matematika, fizika, muhandislik masalalarining analitik va sonli yechimlarini bajarishda “MAPLE” dasturining tutgan o‘rni haqida so‘z boradi.