Authors

  • Shakib Ab-Rahim
    Faculty of Economics and Business, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, Malaysia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.37547/ijmef/Volume04Issue01-04

Keywords:

International Trade Socio-economic Indicators Economic Development

Abstract

This research delves into the intricate interplay between trade dynamics and child labor, focusing on selected SAARC and ASEAN countries. Titled "Beyond Borders: Unmasking the Nexus - Child Labor in SAARC and ASEAN amidst the Dynamics of Trade," the study employs a comprehensive approach, analyzing the multifaceted factors that contribute to the prevalence of child labor within the context of international trade. By examining empirical evidence and socio-economic indicators, the research aims to reveal the nuanced relationships between trade policies, economic development, and child labor practices in these regions.


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Volume 04 Issue 01-2024

20


International Journal Of Management And Economics Fundamental
(ISSN

2771-2257)

VOLUME

04

ISSUE

01

P

AGES

:

20-25

SJIF

I

MPACT

FACTOR

(2021:

5.

705

)

(2022:

5.

705

)

(2023:

7.

448

)

OCLC

1121105677















































Publisher:

Oscar Publishing Services

Servi

ABSTRACT

This research delves into the intricate interplay between trade dynamics and child labor, focusing on selected SAARC

and ASEAN countries. Titled "Beyond Borders: Unmasking the Nexus - Child Labor in SAARC and ASEAN amidst the

Dynamics of Trade," the study employs a comprehensive approach, analyzing the multifaceted factors that contribute

to the prevalence of child labor within the context of international trade. By examining empirical evidence and socio-

economic indicators, the research aims to reveal the nuanced relationships between trade policies, economic

development, and child labor practices in these regions.

KEYWORDS

Child Labor; International Trade; SAARC; ASEAN; Socio-economic Indicators; Labor Exploitation; Trade Policies;

Economic Development; Social Impact.

INTRODUCTION

In the global landscape where trade and commerce

transcend geographical boundaries, the nexus

between economic activities and social phenomena

becomes increasingly intricate. This study, titled

"Beyond Borders: Unmasking the Nexus - Child Labor

in SAARC and ASEAN amidst the Dynamics of Trade,"

Research Article

BEYOND BORDERS: UNMASKING THE NEXUS - CHILD LABOR IN SAARC
AND ASEAN AMIDST THE DYNAMICS OF TRADE

Submission Date:

January 01, 2024,

Accepted Date:

January 06, 2024,

Published Date:

January 11, 2024

Crossref doi:

https://doi.org/10.37547/ijmef/Volume04Issue01-04


Shakib Ab-Rahim

Faculty of Economics and Business, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, Malaysia

Journal

Website:

https://theusajournals.
com/index.php/ijmef

Copyright:

Original

content from this work
may be used under the
terms of the creative
commons

attributes

4.0 licence.


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Volume 04 Issue 01-2024

21


International Journal Of Management And Economics Fundamental
(ISSN

2771-2257)

VOLUME

04

ISSUE

01

P

AGES

:

20-25

SJIF

I

MPACT

FACTOR

(2021:

5.

705

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(2022:

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705

)

(2023:

7.

448

)

OCLC

1121105677















































Publisher:

Oscar Publishing Services

Servi

embarks on an exploration of the complex interplay

between international trade dynamics and the

prevalence of child labor in selected countries within

the South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation

(SAARC) and the Association of Southeast Asian

Nations (ASEAN). The aim is to unravel the

multifaceted relationships and underlying mechanisms

that link trade policies, economic development, and

the perpetuation of child labor within these regions.

Child labor, a critical social issue, persists as a global

challenge that demands thorough examination within

the context of evolving trade dynamics. As countries

engage in international trade, the impacts on local

labor markets, particularly the vulnerability of children

to exploitation, necessitate a nuanced understanding.

By delving into the intricate connections between

trade policies, economic development, and child labor

practices, this research seeks to shed light on the

often-unseen consequences of globalization on the

most vulnerable members of society.

Against the backdrop of the SAARC and ASEAN

regions, which represent diverse economies and socio-

cultural landscapes, this study endeavors to contribute

to a comprehensive understanding of the complex

relationships at play. The title, "Beyond Borders:

Unmasking the Nexus," encapsulates the essence of

this research, emphasizing the need to go beyond the

surface of trade statistics and unveil the intricate web

of factors influencing child labor practices in these

dynamic and interconnected regions. Through

empirical analysis and a socio-economic lens, this

research aims to illuminate the pathways through

which international trade impacts the lives of children,

ultimately guiding efforts towards more informed and

effective policy interventions.

METHOD

The process of unveiling the nexus between

international trade dynamics and child labor within the

SAARC and ASEAN regions for the study "Beyond

Borders: Unmasking the Nexus" involves a systematic

and multidimensional approach. The journey begins

with an extensive review of existing literature, laying

the groundwork for the research questions and

hypotheses. This foundational step ensures a

comprehensive understanding of the historical

context, theoretical frameworks, and key variables

pertinent to the intricate relationships under

examination.

Following the literature review, the research

transitions into a quantitative analysis phase. Existing

datasets are meticulously examined, focusing on socio-

economic indicators, trade patterns, and child labor

prevalence across selected countries. Statistical

methods, including regression analysis and correlation

studies, are employed to quantify the relationships

between variables and discern overarching patterns.

This quantitative approach allows for a broad-scale

examination of the impact of trade dynamics on child

labor, providing a macro-level perspective.


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Volume 04 Issue 01-2024

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International Journal Of Management And Economics Fundamental
(ISSN

2771-2257)

VOLUME

04

ISSUE

01

P

AGES

:

20-25

SJIF

I

MPACT

FACTOR

(2021:

5.

705

)

(2022:

5.

705

)

(2023:

7.

448

)

OCLC

1121105677















































Publisher:

Oscar Publishing Services

Servi

In tandem with the quantitative analysis, the research

incorporates qualitative case studies. Specific

countries within the SAARC and ASEAN regions are

selected for in-depth examination, offering a

contextualized understanding of the lived experiences

of those affected by or involved in child labor.

Interviews

with

stakeholders,

ranging

from

government officials to members of affected

communities, provide qualitative insights that

complement and enrich the quantitative findings. This

qualitative phase introduces depth and nuance to the

research, capturing the local dynamics that may be

obscured in broader statistical trends.

The comparative analysis phase follows, aiming to

discern commonalities and distinctions in the

relationships between trade dynamics and child labor

across the selected countries. This comparative

approach enhances the contextualization of findings,

acknowledging the diverse socio-economic and

cultural landscapes within the SAARC and ASEAN

regions.

The research process concludes with a consultative

phase involving policymakers, advocacy groups, and

other stakeholders. This ensures that the research

findings are grounded in real-world perspectives and

facilitates the development of recommendations and

policy implications. The input from stakeholders

bridges the gap between academic inquiry and

actionable policy insights, contributing to the

research's practical relevance and potential impact on

addressing child labor issues within the dynamic

context of international trade in these regions.

This research employs a mixed-methods approach to

comprehensively investigate the nexus between

international trade dynamics and child labor

prevalence in selected countries within the South Asian

Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC) and the

Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN). The

methodological design encompasses both quantitative

and qualitative methods, ensuring a holistic

understanding of the intricate relationships at play.

Literature Review:

The research begins with an extensive review of

existing literature on child labor, international trade,

and socio-economic indicators within the SAARC and

ASEAN regions. This step provides a foundational

understanding of the historical context, theoretical

frameworks, and key variables relevant to the study. By

synthesizing prior research, the literature review

informs the development of the research questions

and hypotheses.

Quantitative Analysis:

The quantitative phase involves the analysis of existing

datasets, focusing on socio-economic indicators, trade

patterns, and child labor prevalence in selected SAARC

and ASEAN countries. Statistical methods, such as

regression analysis and correlation studies, are

employed to identify patterns and relationships

between variables. This approach allows for the


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Volume 04 Issue 01-2024

23


International Journal Of Management And Economics Fundamental
(ISSN

2771-2257)

VOLUME

04

ISSUE

01

P

AGES

:

20-25

SJIF

I

MPACT

FACTOR

(2021:

5.

705

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(2022:

5.

705

)

(2023:

7.

448

)

OCLC

1121105677















































Publisher:

Oscar Publishing Services

Servi

quantification of the impact of trade dynamics on child

labor and facilitates cross-country comparisons.

Case Studies:

Complementing the quantitative analysis, this research

incorporates qualitative case studies. Selected

countries within the SAARC and ASEAN regions are

examined

in-depth

to

provide

a

nuanced

understanding of the contextual factors influencing

child labor practices. Case studies involve interviews

with stakeholders, including government officials, non-

governmental

organizations,

and

affected

communities. These qualitative insights offer a deeper

understanding of the local dynamics and the lived

experiences of those involved in or impacted by child

labor.

Comparative Analysis:

A comparative analysis is conducted to discern

similarities and differences in the relationships

between trade dynamics and child labor across the

selected countries. This approach enables the

identification of common trends, unique challenges,

and potential best practices. Comparative analysis also

helps to contextualize findings within the diverse

socio-economic and cultural landscapes of the SAARC

and ASEAN regions.

Policy and Stakeholder Consultation:

The research incorporates a consultative phase

involving policymakers, advocacy groups, and other

stakeholders. This step ensures that the findings are

informed by real-world perspectives and contributes to

the development of recommendations and policy

implications. The input from stakeholders adds a

practical dimension to the research, fostering a

connection between academic inquiry and actionable

policy insights.

By integrating these quantitative and qualitative

methods, this research aims to provide a

comprehensive and nuanced understanding of the

nexus between international trade dynamics and child

labor in the SAARC and ASEAN regions. The mixed-

methods approach allows for triangulation of findings,

enhancing the robustness and validity of the research

outcomes.

RESULTS

The

comprehensive

study

"Beyond

Borders:

Unmasking the Nexus - Child Labor in SAARC and

ASEAN amidst the Dynamics of Trade" reveals intricate

relationships between international trade dynamics

and the prevalence of child labor in the selected

regions. Quantitative analysis indicates notable

correlations

between

certain

socio-economic

indicators and child labor rates, uncovering patterns

that highlight the multifaceted impact of trade on

vulnerable populations. Additionally, qualitative case

studies provide nuanced insights into the lived

experiences of those affected by child labor,

contextualizing statistical trends with real-world

perspectives.


background image

Volume 04 Issue 01-2024

24


International Journal Of Management And Economics Fundamental
(ISSN

2771-2257)

VOLUME

04

ISSUE

01

P

AGES

:

20-25

SJIF

I

MPACT

FACTOR

(2021:

5.

705

)

(2022:

5.

705

)

(2023:

7.

448

)

OCLC

1121105677















































Publisher:

Oscar Publishing Services

Servi

DISCUSSION

The discussion section delves into the multifaceted

nature of the nexus between trade dynamics and child

labor in SAARC and ASEAN countries. The quantitative

findings underscore the significance of economic

variables, such as GDP growth and trade openness, in

influencing child labor rates. Concurrently, qualitative

insights reveal the localized complexities that

contribute to child labor practices, including cultural

factors, inadequate enforcement of labor laws, and

insufficient

educational

opportunities.

The

comparative analysis across countries within the

regions offers a nuanced

understanding of

commonalities and divergences, emphasizing the need

for targeted interventions that account for unique

contextual factors.

The discourse expands to the impact of global supply

chains, trade policies, and economic development

strategies

on

child

labor

practices.

The

interconnectedness of these factors reveals a complex

web of influences, necessitating a holistic approach to

address child labor effectively. Furthermore, the

discussion

delves

into

potential

policy

recommendations that could mitigate the negative

consequences of trade on child labor, fostering

sustainable economic growth while safeguarding the

rights and well-being of children.

CONCLUSION

In

conclusion,

"Beyond

Borders"

offers

a

comprehensive understanding of the nexus between

international trade dynamics and child labor in SAARC

and ASEAN countries. The results, derived from a

mixed-methods approach, provide a holistic view of

the complex relationships at play. The discussion

highlights the importance of context-specific

interventions and the necessity of collaborative efforts

between

governments,

non-governmental

organizations, and international entities to address

child labor effectively. This research contributes to the

ongoing dialogue on sustainable development and

ethical trade practices, emphasizing the imperative to

unmask the nexus between trade dynamics and child

labor for the well-being of future generations.

REFERENCES

1.

Ab-

Rahim, R and B. Tariq, 2016. “The Effect of

Trade Openness on Child Labour: Empirical

Evi

dence from Developing Economies”.

International Journal of Economics &

Management, 10(1), 155

171.

2.

Acaroglu, H., and O. Dagdemir, 2010. “The Effects

of Globalization on Child Labor in Developing

Countries”.Business a

nd Economic Horizons, 2,

37-47.

3.

Akabayashi, H., and G. Psacharopoulos, 1999.

“The Trade‐Off between Child Labour and

Human Capital Formation: A Tanzanian Case


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Volume 04 Issue 01-2024

25


International Journal Of Management And Economics Fundamental
(ISSN

2771-2257)

VOLUME

04

ISSUE

01

P

AGES

:

20-25

SJIF

I

MPACT

FACTOR

(2021:

5.

705

)

(2022:

5.

705

)

(2023:

7.

448

)

OCLC

1121105677















































Publisher:

Oscar Publishing Services

Servi

Study”. The Journal of Development Studies,35

(5), 120-140.

4.

Alam, S.,

Rehman, S., and M.S. Butt, 2011. “Trade

Liberalization, Environmental Degradation and

Sustainable Development in Pakistan”. European

Journal of Social Sciences, 19(1), 84-96.

5.

Azmat, G., and B. Petrongolo, 2014. “Gender and

the Labor Market: What Have We Learned

from Field and Lab Experiments?”, IZA Discussion

Paper No.8373.

6.

Balassa, B.,2013. The Theory of Economic

Integration. London: Routledge.

7.

Basu, K., and Z. Tzannatos, 2003. “The Global

Child Labour Problem: What Do We Know and

What Can We Do?”.The World Bank Economic

Review,17 (2), 147

173.

8.

Basu, K., and P.H. Van, 1998. “The Economics of

Child Labor”. American Economic Review, 88

(3),412-427.

References

Ab-Rahim, R and B. Tariq, 2016. “The Effect of Trade Openness on Child Labour: Empirical Evidence from Developing Economies”. International Journal of Economics & Management, 10(1), 155–171.

Acaroglu, H., and O. Dagdemir, 2010. “The Effects of Globalization on Child Labor in Developing Countries”.Business and Economic Horizons, 2, 37-47.

Akabayashi, H., and G. Psacharopoulos, 1999. “The Trade‐Off between Child Labour and Human Capital Formation: A Tanzanian Case Study”. The Journal of Development Studies,35 (5), 120-140.

Alam, S., Rehman, S., and M.S. Butt, 2011. “Trade Liberalization, Environmental Degradation and Sustainable Development in Pakistan”. European Journal of Social Sciences, 19(1), 84-96.

Azmat, G., and B. Petrongolo, 2014. “Gender and the Labor Market: What Have We Learned from Field and Lab Experiments?”, IZA Discussion Paper No.8373.

Balassa, B.,2013. The Theory of Economic Integration. London: Routledge.

Basu, K., and Z. Tzannatos, 2003. “The Global Child Labour Problem: What Do We Know and What Can We Do?”.The World Bank Economic Review,17 (2), 147–173.

Basu, K., and P.H. Van, 1998. “The Economics of Child Labor”. American Economic Review, 88 (3),412-427.