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PHARMACEUTICAL INSTITUTE OF EDUCATION AND RESEARCH
Department: Pharmacology
Years of Study: 2023–2025
Master's Student:
Yokubova Nargiza Bakhodir kizi
Academic Advisor: PhD in Biology, Prof.
Bagdasarova E.S.
Specialty: 70910703 – “Experimental and Sports Pharmacology”
ANNOTATION:
Master's thesis on the topic: 'Study of Cognitive Abilities of the Organism
Under Stress and Their Correction Using a Magnesium-Based Biocomplex.'
Keywords: cognitive abilities, memory, adaptation, stress, ultrasound, nootropics,
magnesium, curcumin, glycine, cortisol, lactate dehydrogenase, ALT and AST.
Relevance of the topic: Currently, the number of stress factors in society is increasing, and
the problem of personal stress resistance is becoming more relevant. Stress usually affects
all aspects of cognitive activity, including such basic intellectual properties as memory and
attention. Disruption of attention indicators is primarily due to the formation of a stress
dominant in the cerebral cortex, which inhibits the concentration of voluntary attention on
other objects and contributes to increased distractibility, as well as impairs memory and
adaptation functions. The hormonal background altered by stress introduces disruptions in
the process of reproducing necessary information.
An international team of scientists, including specialists from Lomonosov Moscow State
University, induced emotional stress in mice using ultrasound and studied its physiological
consequences. This model can be used in the future to search for and test new drugs and to
study the mechanisms of stress more deeply.
Since psycho-emotional diseases are increasingly recorded among residents of modern large
cities, further study of this protocol will allow the assessment of the role of emotional stress
in affective disorders. This is important for the development of therapy for a wide range of
psycho-emotional disorders associated with the influence of information-rich environments
on city dwellers. British scientists also found that one of the consequences of COVID-19 is a
decrease in IQ.
Numerous studies show that curcumin has high biological activity and a wide range of
effects. The antidepressant activity and anti-stress effect of curcumin, conducted by S.
Kulkarni et al., showed that people who regularly consume turmeric or curcumin
supplements have higher cognitive abilities and consistently good moods. This bioactive
substance has properties that justify its use in correcting physical conditions under chronic
stress and in preventing depression, reducing behavioral changes and biochemical reactions
caused by chronic fatigue.
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Glycine is sometimes referred to as a natural antidepressant. It is a non-essential amino acid
that regulates metabolism, normalizes and activates protective inhibition processes in the
central nervous system, and improves metabolic processes in brain tissues. Glycine
preparations are prescribed to reduce emotional stress, stimulate mental activity, improve
memory, and restore the normal functioning of the autonomic system.
Magnesium preparations are popular remedies used to relieve stress and treat anxiety. In the
1980s, scientists discovered that Mg²+ affects the central nervous system. In the human
brain, there are two main neurotransmitters: the excitatory glutamate and the inhibitory
GABA (gamma-aminobutyric acid). Theoretical studies showed that when neurons using
glutamate are overactive, anxiety arises. Magnesium weakens the action of glutamate and
simultaneously enhances the effect of GABA on nerve cells. This is crucial in combating
stress, as GABA deficiency leads to anxiety.
Studies also found that stress depletes magnesium stores, and a low level of the element
leads to stress. Stress hormones reduce magnesium concentration in blood serum and cause
its loss through urine. Endocrine glands producing stress hormones are sensitive to
magnesium deficiency; as magnesium levels drop, these glands work more actively,
producing more stress hormones, which in turn increases magnesium loss — creating a
vicious cycle: stress → magnesium loss → intensified stress → further magnesium loss.
Thus, magnesium regulates the nervous system to counteract the negative effects of stress
and anxiety. Scientists therefore suggest that magnesium supplementation may be beneficial
for treating anxiety.
As millions of people worldwide require sedatives daily, scientists are striving to create new
effective anxiety medications without side effects, suitable for children, pregnant women,
and the elderly.
Given the above, there is a need to develop new drugs that enhance cognitive properties
under stress.
The studied biocomplex contains magnesium, curcumin, and glycine — substances known
for their neuroprotective, antidepressant, and antioxidant properties.
Research goal: to study the effect of ultrasound-induced stress on the cognitive abilities of
laboratory animals and to pharmacologically correct it with a magnesium-containing
biocomplex.
Objectives:
1. Conduct a literature review on the effects of ultrasound stress on cognitive abilities;
2. Review the adaptogenic, neuroprotective, antidepressant, and antioxidant properties of
magnesium, curcumin, and glycine;
3. Select 24 healthy laboratory mice (both sexes) weighing 18–22 g, quarantine them for 14
days, and standardize feeding by fasting for 24 hours before the experiment;
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4. Divide animals into four groups for comparative analysis: three stressed groups and one
control. Use glycine as a comparison to assess the biocomplex's effect on cognitive abilities;
5. Induce stress over three days, then begin treatment with the biocomplex and glycine;
6. Evaluate results on days 1 and 20 using cortisol and magnesium blood levels and
cognitive ability tests (maze and open field).
Research methodology: 24 non-pedigreed laboratory mice of both sexes weighing 18–22 g
were used in a vivarium equipped with central heating, lighting systems, sewage, and water
supply. Environmental conditions: 50–65% humidity, 20–25°C air temperature, ventilation.
Animals were quarantined for 14 days before the experiment, divided into four groups, and
observed over 20 days. The effects of the Mg-biocomplex were studied, biochemical
indicators examined, and results analyzed.
Structure: The master's thesis includes an introduction, annotation, three chapters,
conclusions and recommendations, a reference list, four tables, two diagrams, and five
figures.
Scientific novelty: For the first time, the impact of a magnesium-containing biocomplex on
cognitive abilities in animals under ultrasound stress was studied.
Theoretical significance: The research justifies the creation of an ultrasound stress model in
experimental animals and its impact on cognitive abilities.
Practical significance: An ultrasound stress model was developed, and the biocomplex’s
effects on cognitive abilities were studied. Results support the biocomplex’s practical
application to improve cognition.
Conclusions and recommendations:
-
Stress
negatively
impacts
cognitive
abilities
in
rodents.
- The Magnesium-Cur-Glycine biocomplex showed significant effects in 'Open Field' and
'Elevated Plus Maze' tests compared to glycine in the ultrasound stress model.
- Biochemical tests confirm the suppressive effect of stress on cognition and the positive
impact of the biocomplex.
Recommendations:
1. Further preclinical studies of the Mg-containing biocomplex at different dosages;
2. Develop various stress models and pharmacologically correct them with the Mg-
biocomplex;
3. Recommend the biocomplex to restore psycho-emotional behavior and enhance cognitive
functions based on findings.
An international team of scientists, including specialists from Moscow State University
named after M.V. Lomonosov, induced emotional stress in mice using ultrasound and
studied its physiological consequences. This model can be used in the future for the
development and testing of new drugs and a deeper understanding of stress mechanisms.
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Since psychoemotional diseases are increasingly being recorded among residents of large
cities, further study of this protocol will allow assessing the role of emotional stress in
affective disorders. This is important for the development of therapies for a wide range of
psychoemotional diseases associated with the influence of an information-rich environment
on residents of megacities. British scientists also found that one of the consequences of
COVID-19 is a decrease in IQ.
Numerous studies show that curcumin has high biological activity and a wide range of
actions.
Antidepressant activity and anti-stress effects of curcumin, conducted by S. Kulkarni et al.,
showed that people who regularly consume turmeric or curcumin-containing supplements
have higher cognitive abilities and a consistently good mood. This bioactive substance
possesses properties that justify its use in correcting physical condition under chronic stress
and preventing depression. It reduces behavioral changes and biochemical reactions in the
div caused by chronic fatigue.
Glycine is sometimes called a natural antidepressant. It is a non-essential amino acid that
acts as a metabolic regulator, normalizes and activates the processes of protective inhibition
in the central nervous system, and improves metabolic processes in brain tissues.
Glycine-based medications are prescribed to reduce emotional tension, stimulate mental
activity, improve memory, and restore normal autonomic nervous system function.
Magnesium-containing drugs are popular remedies used to relieve stress and treat anxiety. In
the 1980s, scientists discovered that Mg²⁺ affects the central nervous system. In the human
brain, there are two main neurotransmitters — the excitatory glutamate and the CNS-
inhibiting gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA).
Theoretical studies have shown that when neurons using glutamate are overactive, anxiety
arises. Magnesium suppresses glutamate’s action and enhances GABA’s effect on nerve
cells. This is important for combating stress since a lack of GABA causes anxiety.
Studies have also shown that stress depletes magnesium reserves, and a low level of this
trace element causes more stress. Stress hormones reduce magnesium concentration in blood
serum and lead to its loss in urine. Endocrine glands producing stress hormones are sensitive
to magnesium deficiency: when the level drops, they become more active, producing even
more stress hormones. Thus, the div continues to lose magnesium and becomes more
anxious, forming a vicious cycle: stress – magnesium loss – increased stress – additional
magnesium loss. Magnesium regulates the nervous system, preventing the negative effects
of stress and development of anxiety. Hence, scientists hypothesize that magnesium
supplements may be beneficial for anxiety treatment.
Since millions of people worldwide need sedatives daily, scientists are trying to develop
new effective anti-anxiety drugs without side effects, suitable for children, pregnant women,
and the elderly.
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Therefore, there is a need to develop new drugs that improve cognitive properties of the
div under stress.
The biocomplex under study contains magnesium, curcumin, and glycine — known
substances with neuroprotective, antidepressant, and antioxidant properties.
An international team of scientists, including specialists from Lomonosov Moscow State
University, induced emotional stress in mice using ultrasound and studied its physiological
consequences. This model can further be used to search for and test new drugs and to study
the mechanisms of stress more deeply.
As psycho-emotional disorders are increasingly registered among residents of modern large
cities, further study of this protocol will help assess the role of emotional stress in affective
disorders. This is important for developing therapy for a wide range of psycho-emotional
diseases associated with the information-rich environment of megapolises. British scientists
also found that one of the consequences of COVID-19 is a decrease in IQ.
Numerous studies show that curcumin has high biological activity and a wide range of
effects.
The antidepressant activity and anti-stress effect of curcumin, conducted by S. Kulkarni et
al., showed that people who regularly consume turmeric or curcumin supplements in daily
life have higher cognitive abilities and a stable good mood. This bioactive substance has
properties that justify its use for correcting physical conditions in chronic stress and for
preventing depression. It also reduces behavioral changes and biochemical reactions in the
div caused by chronic fatigue.
Glycine is sometimes called a natural antidepressant. It is a non-essential amino acid that
regulates metabolism, normalizes and activates protective inhibition processes in the central
nervous system, and improves metabolic processes in brain tissues.
Glycine preparations are prescribed to reduce emotional stress, stimulate mental activity,
improve memory, and restore normal functioning of the autonomic system.
Magnesium-based drugs are popular remedies for relieving stress and treating anxiety. In the
1980s, scientists discovered that Mg²+ affects the central nervous system. The human brain
contains two main neurotransmitters—excitatory glutamate and inhibitory GABA (gamma-
aminobutyric acid).
Theoretical studies have shown that when neurons involving glutamate are overactive,
anxiety occurs. Magnesium reduces the effects of glutamate and simultaneously enhances
GABA's effect on nerve cells, which is important in combating stress. A lack of GABA
increases anxiety.
Studies also found that stress depletes magnesium stores, and a low level of this element
leads to more stress. Stress hormones reduce magnesium levels in blood serum and increase
its excretion in urine. Endocrine glands that produce stress hormones become more active
Vo
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M
ED
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when magnesium is deficient, which further increases stress hormone levels and depletes
magnesium—creating a vicious cycle.
Magnesium regulates the nervous system, preventing the negative effects of stress and
anxiety. Therefore, scientists suggested that magnesium supplementation could help treat
anxiety.
Since millions of people around the world need sedatives daily, scientists are trying to create
new effective anti-anxiety drugs that do not cause side effects and can be used for children,
pregnant women, and the elderly.
Given the above, the need has arisen to develop new drugs that improve cognitive functions
under stress.
The biocomplex studied includes magnesium, curcumin, and glycine—well-known
substances with neuroprotective, antidepressant, and antioxidant properties.
Objective of the study: To study the effects of ultrasound-induced stress on the cognitive
abilities of laboratory animals and to correct them using a magnesium-based biocomplex.
References:
1. Conduct a literature review on the impact of ultrasound stress on cognitive functions.
2. Review the adaptogenic, neuroprotective, antidepressant, and antioxidant properties of
magnesium, curcumin, and glycine.
3. Select 24 healthy laboratory mice of both sexes, weighing 18–22g, place them in
quarantine for 14 days, and standardize them by fasting for one day before the experiment.
4. Divide the mice into four groups: three exposed to stress, one control group. Glycine will
be used to compare the effects of the biocomplex under stress.
5. Create a stress model for 3 days, then begin stress correction using the biocomplex and
glycine.
6. Assess results on days 1 and 20 of the experiment. Analyze blood cortisol and magnesium
levels, and test animals using the “open field” and “maze” methods to assess cognitive
abilities.
