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HERBAL PREPARATIONS AND THEIR INFLUENCE ON BIOCHEMICAL
PARAMETERS IN CHRONIC HEPATITIS: A LITERATURE REVIEW
Samandar Kurolboy ugli
Master,National University of Uzbekistan
Guzal Mukhamadzhonova
Candidate of Biological Sciences,
Associate Professor of the National University of Uzbekistan
muhammadjonova.guzal@gmail.com
Abstract.
This article presents a literature review of studies investigating the effects of
medicinal plant extracts on liver function in an experimental model of chronic hepatitis.
Specifically, it examines the impact of extracts rich in flavonoids, phenolic compounds, and
antioxidants on liver enzymes, oxidative stress biomarkers, and plasma protein levels.
Available studies demonstrate the significant hepatoprotective potential of medicinal plant
extracts.
Keywords:
hepatitis, liver enzymes, antioxidant, medicinal plant, extract, biochemical
indicators.
Introduction
. Chronic hepatitis is a prolonged inflammatory condition of the liver
parenchyma, often accompanied by impaired liver function, metabolic imbalance, disrupted
protein synthesis, and detoxification processes. In recent years, experimental models have
been widely used to explore the pathogenesis of chronic hepatitis and assess the role of
natural medicinal agents in its prevention and treatment. Among these agents, the
hepatoprotective and antioxidant properties of plant extracts have attracted considerable
scientific attention [4].
Experimental modeling of hepatitis is a critical method for evaluating the efficacy of novel
therapeutic agents. The carbon tetrachloride (CCl₄)-induced model of chronic hepatitis is
particularly widespread. In recent studies, plant-derived extracts, especially those containing
flavonoids, polyphenols, and glycosides, have shown efficacy in protecting the liver from
injury [3]. Widely studied medicinal plants include
Silybum marianum
(silymarin),
Glycyrrhiza glabra
,
Curcuma longa
,
Phyllanthus niruri
, and members of the
Brassica
genus.
These extracts have been tested in experimental models induced by CCl₄, acetaminophen,
ethanol, and other hepatotoxic agents [2].
Biochemical Markers and Their Evaluation
In the context of liver damage, key biochemical markers include ALT, AST, and ALP
enzyme levels, plasma albumin concentration, and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels in liver
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homogenates. These indicators are used to assess the extent of hepatocellular damage,
oxidative stress, and the effectiveness of recovery mechanisms [5].
The following parameters are typically evaluated in chronic hepatitis models:
ALT (Alanine aminotransferase):
o
Increases in plasma in response to damage to liver parenchymal cells.
o
Elevated levels are observed in chronic hepatitis.
AST (Aspartate aminotransferase):
o
Found in the heart, muscle, and liver tissues.
o
Used in conjunction with ALT; the AST/ALT ratio helps determine the type of
pathology.
ALP (Alkaline phosphatase):
o
Elevated in cases of bile duct obstruction or cholestasis.
o
Indicates impaired excretory function of the liver.
Albumin:
o
A major plasma protein synthesized by the liver.
o
Its decrease in chronic hepatitis reflects impaired synthetic function [6].
MDA (Malondialdehyde):
o
A final product of lipid peroxidation.
o
Serves as an indicator of oxidative stress and membrane damage in hepatocytes.
Conclusion.
Analysis of the literature suggests that medicinal plant extracts may serve as
effective agents in protecting the liver in chronic hepatitis models. These extracts not only
reduce the activity of liver enzymes but also contribute to the restoration of cell membrane
integrity, reduction of oxidative stress, and normalization of plasma protein synthesis [1].
Further clinical research in this area is considered highly relevant.
References:
1.
Ilbey, Y. O., et al. (2019). Carbon tetrachloride-induced hepatotoxicity and its
treatment
using
plant
extracts.
Toxicology
Reports
,
6,
1113–1120.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxrep.2019.10.001
2.
Kwon, Y. J., et al. (2014). Protective effects of cabbage extract on CCl₄-induced liver
injury.
Nutrition
Research
and
Practice
,
8(3),
305–311.
https://doi.org/10.4162/nrp.2014.8.3.305
3.
Lim, J. H., et al. (2017). Phytochemical profile and hepatoprotective effects of
Brassica species.
International Journal of Molecular Sciences
, 18(5), 1092.
https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms18051092
4.
Surayyo Dalimova, et al. (2025). Study of antioxidant properties and influence on
mitochondrial bioenergetics of a composition consisting of mono ammonium salt of
glycyrrhizic acid and amino acids.
Journal of Neonatal Surgery,
Volume: 14. Issue: 7s, 141-
147. https://doi.org/10.52783/jns.v14.2379
5.
Wang, Y., et al. (2018). Hepatoprotective effects of herbal extracts on CCl₄-induced
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