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THE IMPACT OF MUSICOTHERAPY ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF CHILDREN
WITH PERINATAL DISABILITIES
Rasulova Nodira Alisherovna
Candidate of Medical Sciences, Associate Professor
Department of Pediatrics and General Practice, Faculty of Postgraduate Education
Samarkand State Medical University
Annotation.
Musical art directly and strongly affects a person already in the first years of
his life and occupies a large place in his general cultural development. Music is close to the
emotional nature of the child. That is why music therapy can become not only a way of
developing a child's personality, but can also be successfully used as a method of correcting
childhood neuroses, various disorders and defects of the psyche of children. We observed 32
children with the сonsequences of perinatal damage to the nervous system (СPDNS) aged
from 4 months to 1 year, who received music therapy courses against the background of
conventional therapy. After the inclusion of music therapy in the treatment complex, the
neurological status, EEG and Echo-EG indicators had a faster positive dynamics.
Key words:
children, music therapy, сonsequences of perinatal damage to the nervous
system, EEG, echo-EG.
Relevance of the problem:
Of all the diseases of the nervous system in children, two-
thirds of their origins go to the perinatal period. The list of neuropsychiatric disorders
associated with hypoxic brain damage is extremely wide. However, not only the frequency
of pathology, but also its severe consequences give importance to this problem [3]. There are
a lot of new drugs used parenterally, which have not only a traumatic effect, but also require
certain costs. The enteral administration of certain drugs can affect not only the function of
the gastrointestinal tract, but can cause allergic reactions. Therefore, it is necessary to search
for new, non-invasive, with the absence of pronounced side effects, as well as inexpensive
means to correct the neurological status of the younger generation [1,6]. Such, at present,
can be the method of music therapy. This is one of the methods of treatment without drugs,
which is actively used in traditional medicine. The positive effect of music therapy for
children and adults on the human div has been known for a long time, literally since time
immemorial, and the use as one of the methods of treatment began in the XIX century [5].
And today, without knowing it, we use music as a "medicine" for healing the soul and div:
a remedy for a sad mood, as a lullaby for a baby, etc. Music influences our emotions, and
with the help of music therapy, you can set the necessary mood to get rid of all the
unnecessary and negative things that put pressure on us psychologically and weaken our
immunity. Often it is internal conflicts that give rise to poor health [4].
Music therapy refers to the complex means of emotional and psychosensory effects
on the child. Musical rhythmics is widely used in the treatment of motor and speech
disorders (tics, stuttering, coordination disorders, disinhibition, motor stereotypes),
correction of insufficient psychomotor development of a sense of rhythm, speech breathing
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[8]. The analysis of literary sources proves the beneficial influence of certain musical works
on intellectual activity.
Experience shows that music therapy improves the overall emotional state of
children; improves the performance of the quality of movements (expressiveness, rhythm,
coordination, smoothness, serial organization of movements), correction and development of
sensations, perception, presentation, stimulation of speech function; normalization of the
prosodic side of speech (tempo, timbre, rhythm, expressiveness of intonation) [7].
Music therapy is a medicine that is listened to. Specialists distinguish the following
functions of music therapy: regulatory, which consists in influencing the emotional status;
communicative and actually readaptation [2].
Listening to music by children involves the use of both a "live" voice and a tape
recording.
Purpose of the study
: the study of the influence of music therapy on the somatic state and
neurological status of children with perinatal injuries of the central nervous system.
Materials and research methods.
In the base of music therapy, we have included the
children's city hospital No. 1, the nursing home and the children's polyclinic No. 4. Music
therapy can be carried out at home, in such cases we teach mothers of sick children.
On the basis of GDB No. 1, we have started the introduction of music therapy for the
rehabilitation of children with perinatal lesions of the central nervous system. It should be
noted that we set ourselves the task of an individual management scheme for these children,
depending on the prevalence of one or another syndrome.
We observed 32 children with the сonsequences of perinatal damage to the nervous
system (СPDNS) aged from 4 months to 1 year, who received music therapy courses against
the background of conventional therapy. The control group consisted of 12 children with
СPDNS who received conventional therapy. All children, in addition to neurological
examination, underwent electroencephalographic and echo-encephalographic studies before
and after music therapy. The course of healing with music is selected and prescribed by the
doctor strictly individually for each patient.
Research results and their discussion.
After the inclusion of music therapy in the
treatment complex, the neurological status, EEG and Echo-EG indicators had a faster
positive dynamics. Analysis of the Echo-EG data performed after complex rehabilitation
showed that cerebrospinal hypertension decreased, the width of the third ventricle decreased,
the index of the lateral ventricle decreased and, consequently, the degree of displacement of
the median structures decreased. According to EEG data, there was a shift in the background
frequencies of amplitude characteristics towards the predominance of alpha activity in 68%
of patients; the severity of slow–wave activity decreased in 35.7% of patients. The change in
the parameters of Echo-EG and EEG towards normalization is also proved by a positive
clinical picture. This is evidenced by a decrease in the tremor of the chin and limbs, a
decrease in muscle tone almost to normal, and improved sleep in children with increased
neuro-reflex excitability. Whereas in children with delayed psychomotor development, there
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was an improvement in the act of sucking, a slight increase in motor activity and interest in
caring staff and parents.
We recommend three types of music therapy programs: the so-called "soothing"
program, "activating" program, and a mixed-type program. We recommend performing
lullabies and calm songs 2-3 times a day for 5-10 minutes after feeding, and songs at a fast
pace 5-10 minutes before feeding. It should be particularly noted that the "sedative" program
was intended mainly for children with increased neuro-reflex excitability, while the
"activating" program is for children with psychomotor development delay syndrome.
When conducting music therapy in recording mode, it is necessary to select musical
compositions that differ in high performance and sound qualities. In our work, music was
selected in the national flavor. It is recommended to listen to an individually selected music
program for 7-10 days.
Conclusion:.
Experience shows that a well-chosen melody has a beneficial effect on
children with the consequences of perinatal damage to the nervous system and accelerates
their recovery, preventing disability. The introduction of music therapy into the complex
therapy of children with СPDNS is accompanied by a positive therapeutic effect: faster
recovery of div weight, normalization of motor activity, muscle tone, acceleration of
psychomotor and speech development, normalization of the function of internal organs,
reduction of the duration of hospital stay. The main thing is to choose the right melodies for
treatment, so that they coincide with the internal rhythms and have an impact on the problem
areas. And most importantly, music therapy has no limitations or contraindications: music
therapy is useful for both children and adults. It turned out that the introduction of music
therapy into the complex rehabilitation of children with СPDNS is more effective for
combined disorders and its consequences. Any musical rhythm is a kind of irritant (in a
good sense of the word) for the div. Accordingly, well-chosen music is able to restore the
harmony of both the psychological and physical state of a person (the whole div or
individual organs). Moreover, the music should be selected individually, depending on the
prevalence of a particular syndrome. It is gratifying that the introduction of lullabies into the
generally accepted practice of nursing and raising children undoubtedly contributes to a
more harmonious development of the younger generation.
Literature:
1.
Rasulov, A., Rasulova, N., & Akhmedova, M. (2014). Macrolides in the treatment of
urogenital and torch infections. Journal of Problems of Biology and Medicine, (3 (79)), 144-
145.
2.
Fedorovna I.M., Kamildzhanovna K.S., Alisherovna R.N. (2022). Modern ideas
about recurrent bronchitis in children (literature review). Eurasian Research Bulletin, 6 , 18-
21.
3.
SHARIPOV, R. H., RASULOVA, N. A., & MAKHMUDOVA, Z. R. (2020). New
horizons that improve the somatic status of young children. JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY
AND NEUROSURGICAL RESEARCH, 1(2).
4.
Sharipov, R. H., Rasulova, N. A., & Rasulov, A. S. (2022). JUSTIFICATION OF
THE USE OF THE DRUG OXYBRAL IN PERINATAL INJURIES IN CHILDREN
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BASED ON THE ACTIVITY OF LIPID PEROXIDATION. JOURNAL OF HEPATO-
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Alisherovna, R. N., & Khaitovich, S. R. (2022). USE OF OXYBRAL IN
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