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MYOPIA IN ADOLESCENTS IN MOUNTAINOUS AND FOOTHILL AREAS OF
THE ANDIJAN REGION, CAUSES OF ITS SPREAD
Usmanova T.J.
Andijan State Medical Institute
Annotation.
This scientific field examines the causes of the abandonment and rejuvenation
of myopia in adolescents in the mountainous and foothill areas of the Andijan region, risk
factors affecting the development of the disease, their origin, etiology, pathogenesis, clinic,
diagnosis, complications and methods of their elimination. Treatment in the field of
treatment is laid in a broad modern direction.
Key words:
myopia, staphyloma, bump, fundus chamber.
There are reports in the literature on the issues of general and primary morbidity in the
structure of eye diseases in people living in specific territories of our country. Based on them,
the needs for ophthalmic care, glasses and contact lenses are determined. The state of visual
acuity, the level of eye morbidity, and ways to prevent visual impairment and blindness due
to myopia were determined. The problem of myopia is recognized as one of the main ones in
modern ophthalmology. Myopia is the most common anomaly of the clinical refraction of
the eye. The social significance of the problem is also determined by the fact that
progressive myopia, which most often occurs in school-age children, along with other causes,
creates obstacles to the socio-mental development and personality formation of a healthy
child. The incidence of myopia in children and adolescents has increased 1.3 times over the
past 10 years. This is due to an increase in visual load, the complexity of school curricula,
the introduction of computers, and other reasons. Meanwhile, myopia restricts the choice of
profession, reduces social potential and, according to WHO, causes visual disability in 27%
of cases.
Objective: Myopia is becoming a public health problem among children and adolescents
attending schools and universities. The prevalence of myopia varies in different
climatogeographic regions, race, ethnic groups, and socio-economic status. The purpose of
this study was to find out the prevalence of myopia in children and adolescents from the
mountainous region of the Pakhtaabad district of the Andijan region.
Materials and methods: It was a cross-descriptive study. Vision screening among children
was conducted in the 5th school of the highland region of the Pakhtaabad district. Vision
screening was performed by volunteers using the standard Snellen table. Those who did not
pass the screening test underwent a detailed ophthalmological examination by a pediatric
ophthalmologist.
Results: A total of 250 children had their eyesight assessed. The average age was 12-14
years (SD ± 2.8 years). During the examination, 28.5% of children (n = 40) had vision less
than 6/9 in at least one eye. Seven children already wore glasses for myopia, of which only 2
had vision of 6/9 or better. Of the 40 children, 10% (n=4) had vision of 6/9 or better, and
90% (n=36) had refractive error. Of these 36 children, myopia was present in all
(100%).Consequently, the prevalence of myopia among the entire school population was
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27% (n = 38).All children had simple myopia from 0.5 D to 3.5 D. After correction of
refraction, all children had maximally corrected visual acuity of 6/9 or higher. 86% (n = 120)
of children had never had their eyesight checked before.
Conclusion. The study showed a high prevalence of myopia, and only eye diseases were
present in children. The result of this study can be a starting point for conducting a large-
scale population-based study among children from the mountainous region of the
Pakhtaabad district.
Literatures
1. The journal "Bulletin of Ophthalmology" . Moscow, 2016
2. Nesterov A.P. Glaucoma. Moscow, 2008
3. Ophthalmology. The endoshish system was created. Zhek Kansky. 2005
4. Danilichev V.F. Modern ophthalmology. Moscow 2009
