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RESULTS OF A STUDY OF THE LEVEL OF SERUM CORTISOL AS A
HORMONE AFFECTING CONNECTIVE TISSUE METABOLISM IN
ADOLESCENTS WITH HIGH MYOPIA
D. L. Jaloliddinov, T. J. Usmanova.
Andijan State Medical Institute
Annotation.
Cortisol is a hormone produced in the adrenal cortex. It protects the div from
stress, regulates blood pressure, and is involved in the metabolism of proteins, fats, and
carbohydrates . The secretion of cortisol is regulated by adrenocorticotropic hormone
(ACTH), which is produced in the pituitary gland, a small gland located at the bottom of the
brain. The concentrations of ACTH and cortisol in the blood are regulated by the feedback
method. A decrease in the concentration of cortisol increases the production of ACTH,
which stimulates the production of this hormone until it returns to normal. An increase in the
concentration of cortisol in the blood, on the contrary, leads to a decrease in the production
of ACTH.
Key words.
Cortisol, ACTH, ST , PVHRD.
Results of the study of serum cortisol levels as
a hormone that affects connective
tissue metabolism, in adolescents with high myopia
Cortisol is a hormone produced in the adrenal cortex. It protects the div from stress,
regulates blood pressure, and is involved in the metabolism of proteins, fats, and
carbohydrates. The secretion of cortisol is regulated by adrenocorticotropic hormone
(ACTH), which is produced in the pituitary gland, a small gland located at the bottom of the
brain. The concentrations of ACTH and cortisol in the blood are regulated by the feedback
method. A decrease in the concentration of cortisol increases the production of ACTH,
which stimulates the production of this hormone until it returns to normal. An increase in the
concentration of cortisol in the blood, on the contrary, leads to a decrease in the production
of ACTH. Therefore, the concentration of cortisol in the blood can change with an increase
or decrease in the secretion of both cortisol itself in the adrenal glands and ACTH in the
pituitary gland, for example, with a pituitary tumor that secretes ACTH. A decrease in the
production of cortisol can be accompanied by non-specific symptoms: weight loss,
weakness, fatigue, decreased blood pressure, abdominal pain. With a combination of
reduced cortisol production and severe stress, an adrenal crisis sometimes develops, which
requires emergency medical care.
The results were analyzed using cortisol level data
obtained in local laboratories. As is known, metabolic processes of the connective tissue are
under the direct and diverse influence of hormonal factors: glucocorticoids and steroid
hormones (cortisol, testosterone, estradiol ). Hormones regulate the synthesis and catabolism
of collagen, having anabolic (androgens) and catabolic (cortisol and its derivatives) effects
on metabolism. As noted above, studies of the pathogenesis of progressive myopia reveal
metabolic disorders in the connective tissue system of the div. Most likely, among the
many causes of impaired general metabolism of connective tissue and metabolism of
collagen structures of the sclera, one of the leading ones is hormonal shifts . The few studies
devoted to the study of hormonal status in adolescents with progressive myopia have found
an imbalance of both sex (testosterone and estradiol) and glucocorticoid (primarily cortisol)
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hormones. Obviously, for more complete information and a reliable assessment of the
hormonal influence on the development of myopia and its complications, studies in The
research in this direction should be continued. The aim of this fragment of the work was a
comparative study of the cortisol level as an active regulator of connective tissue
metabolism in the blood serum of children and adolescents with different clinical refraction.
To solve the problem, 155 children and adolescents aged 9 to 17 years (13.4 ± 2.1 years)
with different clinical refraction were examined: 20 with mild myopia, 32 with moderate
myopia, 85 with high myopia, including 36 with congenital and 49 with acquired (mainly at
an early age) myopia. In 32 children (20.6%), various forms of peripheral vitreochorioretinal
dystrophies (PVCRD) were detected in the fundus. To assess the hormonal status, the
cortisol level in the blood plasma was determined in the morning on an empty stomach using
the generally accepted method. According to laboratory practice, normal values of cortisol
levels for children and adolescents under 16 years of age are within 83-580 nmol/l, but these
data were obtained without taking into account refraction. In this regard, a control group was
formed in our study, which consisted of 18 children with emmetropia or mild to moderate
hyperopia. The range of serum cortisol values obtained in this group was used by us as a
reference interval for comparison with the values obtained in children and adolescents with
myopia. The results of the study are presented in Table 7 and Fig. 17. 76 Table 7. Cortisol
level (nmol/l) in the blood serum of children and adolescents with different clinical
refraction (M±m).
Table 1. Cortisol level (nmol/l) in the blood serum of children and adolescents with different
clinical refraction (M±m).
- the difference with the control is reliable, p <0.05.
** - the difference with the corresponding indicator of acquired myopia is reliable, p <0.05 .
***- the difference with the corresponding indicator of uncomplicated myopia is reliable, p
<0.05
Our studies have shown that as refraction increases, children and adolescents experience a
relative decrease in serum cortisol levels . If in mild acquired myopia the cortisol level was
290.7 ± 58.6 nmol/l and was slightly lower than the control (335.8 ± 40.0 nmol/l), then in
moderate myopia it was reduced to 250.9 ± 26.4 nmol/l and the differences with the control
Control
group
Acquired myopia
Congenital high myopia
Weak
degree
Medium
level
High degree
full
without
complic
ations
com
plica
ted
full
without
complicat
ions
compli
cated
335.8
±40.9
290.7
±58.6
250.9
±26.4 *
243.
9
±20.
5 *
247.6
±30.1*
236.3
±29.3
*
339.4
±33.2**
413.7
±48.8
**
287.
4
±38.
6***
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values became statistically significant (p < 0.05). The data obtained suggest that hormonal
imbalance, namely, impaired cortisol metabolism, may be both one of the causes of general
biomechanical disorders in the connective tissue system of children and adolescents with
progressive myopia and a sign indicating the presence of such disorders. It is possible that,
under certain conditions, during the period of active growth of the child, the features of the
hormonal status, which initially do not go beyond the norm, under the influence of a certain
lifestyle, unbalanced nutrition, unfavorable physical and psychological factors can lead to a
shift in the hormonal balance, which in turn can negatively affect the metabolism as a whole
and, as a consequence, cause a disorder in the functioning of organs and systems, including
the sclera, i.e. become a factor involved in the disruption of the supporting properties of the
sclera.
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3. Efimenko NA, Chernekhovskaya NE, Vyrenkov Yu.E. Guidelines for clinical
lymphology. - M.: Russian Medical Academyof Postgraduate Education, 2001. - 160 p.
4. Kupriyanov, VV, Borodin Yu.I., Karaganov Ya.L., Vyrenkov Yu.E. Microlimphology. -
M.: Medicine. - 1983.- 287 p.
