Volume 04 Issue 07-2024
12
International Journal of Medical Sciences And Clinical Research
(ISSN
–
2771-2265)
VOLUME
04
ISSUE
07
P
AGES
:
12-19
OCLC
–
1121105677
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
ABSTRACT
The paper presents the peculiarities of COVID-19, and individualized rehabilitation programs have been chosen to aid
patients in preventing complications caused by the coronavirus and in achieving the quickest and highest quality
recovery of health.
KEYWORDS
COVID-19, post-COVID syndrome, recovery period, intense indications of the illness, rehabilitation strategies.
INTRODUCTION
Rehabilitation in the early stages is much more
effective and can significantly reduce the risk of
developing post-COVID syndrome. It is a complicated
condition after a coronavirus infection, accompanied
by a number of different symptoms. Almost all patients
need a course of medical rehabilitation after
coronavirus infection (COVID-19), regardless of the
severity of the infection. It is carried out under the
supervision of a rehabilitation physician and is aimed at
restoring the immune system, as well as the functional
state of organs and systems. A properly selected
rehabilitation program after COVID-19 helps the
Research Article
REHABILITATION STRATEGIES FOLLOWING RECOVERY FROM COVID-19
INVOLVE ENHANCING RESPIRATORY HEALTH, PARTICIPATING IN
PHYSICAL ACTIVITIES, AND STRENGTHENING THE IMMUNE SYSTEM
Submission Date:
July 03, 2024,
Accepted Date:
July 08, 2024,
Published Date:
July 13, 2024
Crossref doi:
https://doi.org/10.37547/ijmscr/Volume04Issue07-03
Behzod Shodiev
Khujand State University named after B.Gafurov, Tajikistan
Journal
Website:
https://theusajournals.
com/index.php/ijmscr
Copyright:
Original
content from this work
may be used under the
terms of the creative
commons
attributes
4.0 licence.
Volume 04 Issue 07-2024
13
International Journal of Medical Sciences And Clinical Research
(ISSN
–
2771-2265)
VOLUME
04
ISSUE
07
P
AGES
:
12-19
OCLC
–
1121105677
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
patient return to the usual lifestyle and quality of life,
improve the emotional state, mood, and performance.
It is recommended to begin a course of recovery of the
div immediately after stabilization of the condition.
The main thing in the treatment of complications after
a coronavirus infection is their accurate diagnosis.
Coronavirus infection COVID-19 and medications used
in its treatment can have a negative impact on
individual organs and systems. The reaction to the virus
is individual and depends on the state of health and the
presence of chronic diseases. Therefore, it is important
to timely assess the condition of the div and prevent
the development of complications. With coronavirus
infection, the respiratory organs are primarily affected,
in particular the lungs: the virus causes severe bilateral
pneumonia, the consequences of which patients feel
for a long time. Even after recovery, intense cough and
shortness of breath persist.
Therefore, all patients who have suffered
coronavirus pneumonia are recommended to undergo
rehabilitation aimed at restoring the respiratory
system, physical activity, and maintaining immunity.
Patients who have had COVID-19 in certain cases
recover for quite a long time. Many of them experience
such post-ovarian symptoms as a feeling of chronic
fatigue, intolerance to familiar food, but most often
the disease is complicated by disorders of a psycho
–
neurological nature: depressive and depressed mood,
increased causeless anxiety, sleep disorders - and this
is only part of the problems that those who have
suffered from the disease. According to statistics, a
severe syndrome is observed in 15% of those who have
been ill, while its duration varies from 3 to 6 months.
The main symptoms of post- COVID syndrome
include:
Hormonal disorders: menstrual cycle failure in women,
hair loss, rash on the face and div;
Headaches and dizziness;
Muscle and joint pain;
Shortness of breath and lung problems;
Neurological and psychoemotional problems;
Problems with the organs of vision;
Recurrent pneumonia;
Paresthesia is a disorder of sensitivity and disorders in
the work of taste and olfactory receptors;
Disorders of the cardiovascular system (hypertonia,
hypotension, arrhythmia);
General disturbances of vital rhythms (sleep inversion).
The symptoms described above can persist in
patients for a long time and bring a lot of anxiety. Why
is rehabilitation necessary after coronavirus? Often
cytokines (the main regulators of cellular processes
and stable functioning of the div) continue to fight
Volume 04 Issue 07-2024
14
International Journal of Medical Sciences And Clinical Research
(ISSN
–
2771-2265)
VOLUME
04
ISSUE
07
P
AGES
:
12-19
OCLC
–
1121105677
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
infection and destroy the virus even after the outbreak
is neutralized. Thus, they begin to attack healthy cells,
which negatively affects the functioning of organs
such as the lungs, liver, pancreas, brain, digestive
system, but mainly the peripheral nervous system.
Unfortunately, in practice there are some cases of
suicide due to post-COVID depression. Moreover, the
peculiarities of the course of the disease itself are in no
way related to the occurrence of post-COVID syndrome
and its severity. Complications can arise both in those
who have had a mild form of the disease, and in those
who had to endure the disease in a critical condition.
This is why coronavirus necessarily requires
rehabilitation, and most survivors are prescribed a
sedative spectrum drug, as well as antidepressants.
The program may consist of the following activities:
Pharmacotherapy (use of drugs).
Physical exercises (physical therapy classes, balance
exercises).
Cognitive load to restore memory, speech, attention
and reaction speed.
Stimulation of the nervous system to achieve
autonomic balance.
Physical motor rehabilitation is one of the effective
ways to treat post- COVID syndrome and restore the
div after an illness; it is based on exercise therapy
(physical therapy). Light physical exercise helps
strengthen
muscles,
stimulate
normal
blood
circulation, improve breathing, and stabilize the
psycho-emotional state. First, rehabilitation measures
are necessary for those who suffer from disturbances
in the activity of the central nervous system, since it is
these symptoms that are not always clearly manifested
and require detailed research. It is important to note
that anyone can encounter neuroses against the
backdrop of COVID-19, even those who have never
experienced any problems in this area before. These
may include sleep disorder, neuralgia, and migraine,
panic attacks, and feeling of suffocation, depression
and anxiety disorder. From a psychosomatic point of
view,
the
above
symptoms
can
aggravate
manifestations at the physiological level. It is important
to understand that if you cannot recover on your own,
it is recommended to contact specialists who, in
accordance with individual manifestations, will
develop a set of rehabilitation measures. It is worth
noting that old age is also a mandatory requirement for
rehabilitation. What is the purpose of the COVID -19-
recovery program? The post-COVID rehabilitation
program is health improving in nature and is now
available in almost every clinic, both private and public.
Almost everyone who has been ill is advised to undergo
it, regardless of the severity of the disease. It often
involves sanatorium-resort treatment, but can also be
carried out on an outpatient basis. The goal of this
program is quick and effective restoring the div’s
basic vital systems and psycho-emotional background.
Volume 04 Issue 07-2024
15
International Journal of Medical Sciences And Clinical Research
(ISSN
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2771-2265)
VOLUME
04
ISSUE
07
P
AGES
:
12-19
OCLC
–
1121105677
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
One of the measures included in the rehabilitation
course is to neutralize the effects of viral-bacterial
etiology (for example, after pneumonia) that cause
breathing problems. Next comes restoration of the
immune system and hormonal levels, neurological and
psychotherapy. Much attention within the framework
of rehabilitation is paid to improving the functioning of
the cardiovascular system, which also suffers greatly
during the coronavirus infection. One of the blocks is
always aimed at intensifying the processes of blood
circulation and regeneration. Relieving chronic fatigue
syndrome is aimed at increasing the div's tolerance
to physical activity. The overall statistical medical
response from patients for this program is highly
positive.
Why do people who have recovered from COVID-19
need diagnostics? The implementation of effective
rehabilitation is possible only based on a complete
diagnosis of the patient, which can only be carried out
in a professional medical institution. Patients undergo
a detailed examination, after which, based on data
from tests and ultrasound examinations, as well as
studies of complications, treatment is prescribed,
including both drug support and a complex of physical
and psychotherapeutic measures.
Which doctors deal with rehabilitation after COVID?
A multidisciplinary team is always working on the
development and implementation of a complex of
post-COVID rehabilitation. This is due, first, to the fact
that complications manifest themselves individually in
each person and can affect all physiological systems.
For example, a physical therapy doctor works in
tandem with a physiotherapist on muscle pain and joint
tissue pathologies. In cases of voice dysfunction or
problems with swallowing, a clinical speech therapist,
otorhinolaryngologist or swallowing specialist is
involved. Disturbances in the activity of the central
nervous system can last the longest - a clinical
psychologist, neurologist and often a psychotherapist
work on this. A very important specialist in recovery is
a pulmonologist, who works with disorders of the
respiratory system. How long does rehabilitation take?
Unfortunately, a magical remedy that can instantly
neutralize the consequences has not yet been
invented. Recovery may take from 1 month to a year.
The complex of rehabilitation measures, as noted
above, depends, on the individual characteristics of the
div and specific symptomatic manifestations.
General recommendations include activities such as:
Exercise therapy (physical therapy and gymnastics).
Breathing exercises, including the use of respiratory
simulators.
Massage practices and div-oriented therapy.
Dieting.
Physiotherapy.
Psychotherapeutic treatment
Volume 04 Issue 07-2024
16
International Journal of Medical Sciences And Clinical Research
(ISSN
–
2771-2265)
VOLUME
04
ISSUE
07
P
AGES
:
12-19
OCLC
–
1121105677
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
Let's look at some techniques in more detail.
Breathing technique: more scientifically, this
technique sounds like pulmonary rehabilitation. This
complex should be started as early as possible, before
irreversible changes have occurred in the respiratory
system of the div. The main task is to restore proper
breathing skills and improve general condition by
normalizing the level of oxygen in the blood. The
exercises themselves develop the strength of the
respiratory muscles and diaphragm, and can also be
aimed at endurance and overall improvement of the
lung function of patients. Saturating the div with
oxygen and restoring the functions of its proper
distribution significantly improves the general
condition of patients and affects the speedy relief from
other symptoms. Often, if alternative breathing
techniques do not bring the expected results, a
method such as “hyperbaric oxygenation” is us
ed in
the recovery process. In simple terms, this is hyperbaric
chamber therapy, the main purpose of which is to
expose the div to oxygen at elevated levels of
pressure. This effective method allows you to eliminate
the symptoms of hypoxia that develop after the
disease.
Another important factor contributing to a speedy
recovery is following a diet that includes a
comprehensive intake of vitamins, minerals and amino
acids. It is the elements that influence the
strengthening of the immune system and help the
patient recover faster. The most essential vitamins for
post-COVID syndrome are A, D, E, C. Together with the
amino acid complex, they compensate for the lack of
protein in the div, which affects the production of
protective antibodies.
In addition to taking medications and nutritional
supplements, it is worth taking care of a varied and
proper diet. In order to restore lung tissue and
neutralize the effects of taking medications, meals
should be fractional and balanced. Nutritionists advise
excluding smoked foods, fast food, canned foods and
mayonnaise from the menu, as well as strong coffee,
tea and alcohol. Particular attention should be paid to
the balance of nutrients in the diet. Optimal ratio at the
rehabilitation stage:
50%
–
proteins (animal and vegetable origin);
30%
–
carbohydrates
20%
–
fats (primarily unsaturated fatty acids).
It is also recommended to reduce salt intake.
Exercise after hospital discharge: restoring
physical activity after an illness also plays a huge role in
general rehabilitation and restoration of the
respiratory system. As we know, the disease lasts quite
a long time, and then it still takes time to overcome the
side symptoms. That is why doing exercises plays an
important role, but you need to enter into them
gradually and carefully. In this aspect, we do not mean
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International Journal of Medical Sciences And Clinical Research
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2771-2265)
VOLUME
04
ISSUE
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:
12-19
OCLC
–
1121105677
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
complex fitness loads. Regular walks in the fresh air
can be supplemented with a set of basic therapeutic
exercises. The only rule is that gymnastics should be
performed 30 minutes before meals or 1.5-2 hours
after. Make sure the room temperature is comfortable,
you can use a humidifier. Restoration of impaired
functions of memory, thinking and concentration
As you know, one of the key symptoms that many
patients who have had coronavirus experience are
disorders of a neurological nature and cognitive
functions, such as problems with memory, speed of
thinking and concentration. This symptom may
especially concern those who suffered a severe illness
and were connected to ventilators. After all, as we
know, it is the oxygen balance in the div that
maintains brain functions in proper condition. Those
who require artificial ventilation are often absent-
minded, have difficulty remembering information, and
have
difficulty
concentrating.
This
condition
significantly impairs the quality of life. In this case,
again, walking and gymnastics have a very beneficial
effect. During physical activity, the level of oxygen in
the div increases, which accelerates blood circulation
and restores brain function. Erudition, attention and
attentiveness can be trained by solving crossword
puzzles, solving puzzles, and performing mathematical
exercises. All this helps restore the cognitive functions
of the brain. If independent rehabilitation does not
bring the desired results, then you should consult a
specialist and, quite possibly, resort to maintenance
drug therapy.
Overcoming stress, anxiety and depression: no
matter how strange it may be, coronavirus infection
actively attacks the nervous level. Most patients during
the
rehabilitation
period
are
prescribed
antidepressants in order to neutralize neurotic
symptoms, which may include various neuroses, panic
attacks, anxiety disorders, etc. Asthenia, chronic
fatigue syndrome, myalgia and disorientation are also
among a number of neurotic post-COVID symptoms.
You can try to get rid of psychological disturbances on
your own. First, you need to tune in to a positive mood
and try to start tracking negative thoughts. All diseases
caused by nerves, and this is the truth. From a
physiological point of view, the brain that influences all
processes occurring in the div, including the
frequency of the heart and pulse. Moreover, it works
on the psychological model of the world that a person
considers for himself. Therefore, our health is in our
hands. However, if you cannot get yourself out of a
stressful state on your own, it is very important not to
delay and turn to specialists. It is quite possible that
you will have to undergo psychotherapy and drug
therapy.
Treatment or rehabilitation after coronavirus helps
the patients not only return to their previous lifestyle,
but also must work on all the “risk factors” which
exists like overweight, heart problems, cholesterol,
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OCLC
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Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
high blood sugar, kidney disease, other chronic
diseases. This minimizes the risk of re-infection and
severe disease.
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Publisher:
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МУТАЦИОННАЯ
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ЯЧМЕНЯ
В
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ВЫСОТНЫХ
ЗОНАХ
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