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103
International Journal of Medical Sciences And Clinical Research
(ISSN
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2771-2265)
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03
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FACTOR
(2021:
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1121105677
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
ABSTRACT
Autoimmune thrombocytopenic pur¬¬pur (ATP) is one of the most common forms of hemorrhagic diathesis. It is
known that the pathogenesis of ATP is based on an autoimmune process, when, for various reasons, antiplatelet
autoantibodies are synthesized in the human div, which also have an antimegakaryocytic orientation.
KEYWORDS
Antimegakaryocytic, thrombocytopenic pur¬¬pur, glucocorticoid therapy, ecchymoses.
INTRODUCTION
ATP is not a rare disease in the structure of
hematological pathology. ATP is detected among
adults and children, ranging from 1 to 13 % per 100,000
people. For example, in Uzbekistan, ATR is registered
among children with a frequency of 1.5-2.0 cases per
100 thousand population (1, 2, 5). According to U. A.
Altybaev (1984), Robert-Mc Milan (1997, USA), K. M.
Abdukadyrov (2004), N. E. Sukhodoev (2005), the
effect of treatment with glucocorticoid therapy (GC)
was obtained from 60% to 96%. However,
Research Article
RESULTS OF CONSERVATIVE TREATMENT OF AUTOIMMUNE DISEASES
THROMBOCYTOPENIC PURPURA
Submission Date:
November 19, 2023,
Accepted Date:
November 23, 2023,
Published Date:
November 29, 2023
Crossref doi:
https://doi.org/10.37547/ijmscr/Volume03Issue11-11
Mustafakulov Gaybulla Irisbayevich
Phd, Assistant Professor Of Department Of General Surgery No.2, Tashkent Medical Academy, Uzbekistan
Atakhodzhayeva Matluba Abduraimovna
Phd, Assistant Professor, Tashkent State Dental Medical Institute, Uzbekistan
Anvarkhodzhayeva Shirinxon Gaybullayevna
Assistant Of Department Of Propaedeutics Of Internal Diseases No.2, Tashkent Medical Academy, Uzbekistan
Journal
Website:
https://theusajournals.
com/index.php/ijmscr
Copyright:
Original
content from this work
may be used under the
terms of the creative
commons
attributes
4.0 licence.
Volume 03 Issue 11-2023
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glucocorticoid therapy in 20% -100% of cases gives
complications, often from the gastrointestinal tract
when taking per os.
Therefore, the search for methods of preventing
complications and reducing them is constantly
ongoing.
The pathogenetic treatment of ATP is the use of
glucocorticoid hormones, but taking per os hormones
often leads to complications from the gastrointestinal
tract (GIT).
Given the pronounced side effects of long-term use of
corticosteroids, especially when taking them per os,
other methods of corticosteroid administration are
being sought to reduce or prevent complications of
glucocorticoid (corticosteroid) therapy. In this regard,
the inhaled method of administration of corticosteroid
hormones to patients with AP deserves attention,
although in the available literature we could not find
any works devoted to the study of the use of
corticosteroid hormones in the form of inhalations in
patients with AP. Therefore, the improvement of
conservative treatment of ATP is undoubtedly of great
scientific and practical interest for modern hematology
and surgery.
Research material and methods. The ¬results of
conservative treatment¬¬¬¬ of patients with AD were
analyzed. We examined and¬ ¬treated 184 patients
with the diagnosis of "AP" in the surgical department
of the clinic of the Research Institute of G and PC of the
Ministry of Health of the Republic of Uzbekistan.¬
There¬ were 102 patients with chronic AP and 82
patients with acute AP. Men-68, women-116. ¬ All
patients received hormone treatment: - including
traditional ¬treatment-95 patients (men -38 (40.0%),
women -57 (60.0%)), hormone inhalation treatment-
89-patients (including 36 men (40.4% ), and 53 (59.6%)
–
women).
The following criteria were used to verify
APS¬¬¬(except for complaints, medical history, and
objective
examination):
1.
Thrombocytopenia
(platelets<150x109/l) in the absence of other
deviations ¬in the calculation of formed blood
elements. 2.¬ Absence of clinical and laboratory signs
of the disease in blood relatives. 3. Normal¬¬ or
increased number of megakaryocytes in the bone
marrow. 4. The absence of clinical manifestations of
other
diseases
or
factors
that
can
cause
thrombocytopenia in patients. 5. The effect of
corticosteroid therapy.
In addition to general blood and urine tests,
biochemical tests, and coagulograms, patients with AP
underwent ultrasound examination of internal organs,
electrocardiography, X-ray examination of the lungs,
and endoscopic examination of the gastrointestinal
tract and viral substance according to indications.
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Patients complained of hemorrhagic syndrome:
petechiae and ecchymoses on the skin, nasal, uterine
bleeding, bleeding from the gums and gastrointestinal
tract, which more often appeared when the platelet
level was below 30x109/l. The duration of the disease
at the time of the first visit to the hospital ranged from
3 days to 6 months in the acute form of ATP. In the
anamnesis, the duration of the disease ranged from 6
months to 18 years in the chronic form of ATP, and
during this time, patients received hormones in tablets
from 2 to 7-8 times.
Corticosteroids were prescribed for traditional
treatment of 2-2.5 mg/kg in acute form, 1-1.5 mg/kg in
chronic form of ATP per os and parenterally. Inhalation
(a solution of prednisone and dexamethasone) was
performed
on
a
Boreal
nebulizer
inhaler
(manufactured in Italy) at a dose of 1-2.0 mg/kg. In
addition, patients received fibrinolysis inhibitors,
vascular wall protectors, biological membrane
stabilizers, and topical treatment for nasal and gingival
bleeding. Patients with severe anemia were transfused
red blood cell mass.
Gastrointestinal complications were found in 39 (21,2%)
patients with ATF; gastroduodenitis in 14, gastric ulcer
in 3, duodenal ulcer 12 in 2, colitis in 3, gastrointestinal
discomfort in 15, stomach pain in 2.
RESEARCH RESULTS
Patients were inhaled at a dose of 1.0 to 2 mg / kg per
day¬. Of the 32 patients with OATP, the clinical and
hematological effect (CGE) was obtained in 26 (81,3%)
patients, with an average of 6.22 bed days, and the
clinical effect (CE) in 3 (9,4%) patients, with an average
of 7.5bed days. Clinic and clinical-hematological effect
(K and CGE) was obtained in 29 (90,7%) patients, on
average for 6.99 bed days 3. No effect was obtained in
3 (9,4%) patients. In patients with OATP who received
inhaled therapy with corticosteroids, the hemorrhagic
syndrome began to disappear on 3-4 days, the platelet
count began to rise from 5-7 days of treatment.
62 patients with Аcute AP, starting from the first or
second day of admission, received together with other
GC drugs hormones (prednisone and dexamethasone)
in tablets and injections at a dose of 1.5-2.0 mg/kg per
day. The results of traditional hormone therapy in
adults and children withАacute AP showed that CGE
was obtained in 40 (6,5%) patients, with an average of
12.2,2 bed days. CE was obtained in 3 (4,8%) patients,
with an average of 1, 8, 5, 5 bed days. K and KGE were
obtained in 43 (69,4%) patients, on average for1, 5, 4, 4
bed days. In 19 (30,6%) patients, the effect of hormone
therapy was not obtained. Hormone treatment for
more than 3-4 weeks of MI was ineffective.
The results of inhalation therapy in adult patients with
chronic form А of AP (АXAP). Inhalation was
performed at a dose of up to 2 mg/kg per day. Out of
57 patients who received inhalation therapy, CGE was
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26 obtained in 26 (45,6%) patients, with an average of
6, 1 bed days, and CE was 24 obtained in 24 (42,1%)
patients with an average of 7, 2 bed days, and in 7
(12,3%) patients without effect. 50 (78,7%) patients
received CT and CGE in an average of 6.5 bed days.
Starting from 2 and 4 days, hemorrhagic syndrome was
stopped in all patients.
62 patients with chronic AHАТP received traditional
treatment, including HA hormones as pathogenetic
therapy at a dose of 1.0-1.5 mg/kg per day. From the
traditional treatment of GC with hormones АТP CGE ,
13 (22,3%) patients received CGE in 10,3 bed-days on
average. Clinical remission (CR) in 34 (52,8%) patients,
averaging 1,22,2 bed days. C and CGR were obtained 47
in 47 (75,1%) patients, on average for 1,3,3 bed days, in
15 (24,2%) patients without effect with the preservation
of hemorrhagic syndrome. Hemorrhagic syndromes
began to disappear from 3-5 days in patients with
remission.
Thus: 89 patients with OATP and HATP received dosed
cold inhalation of corticosteroids of hormones, while in
patients with OATP, C and CGR were obtained in 90.7%
of cases in an average of 6.9 days, in contrast to the
traditional treatment of 75.1% and in 11.3 days. In
patients with АXa, TPK and CGR were obtained in 87.7%
of patients, at 6.5 days, on the contrary, in 75.1% and
11.3 days. Patients did not get the effect, they still had
skin hemorrhagic diseases, in the form of ecchymoses.
Discussion of the results. Thus, the inhaled method of
administration of corticosteroid hormones in a dosed
cold ¬form on a Boreal nebulizer device to patients
with acute and chronic ATP is not inferior in its results
to traditional treatment with oral and parenteral GC
administration and has such positive aspects as: no
complications from inhalation, good tolerability of the
procedure, prevention of neurosis, hysteria, ¬patients
with corticosteroid hormone manipulation; absence of
withdrawal syndrome; prevention of parenteral
infection; cost - effectiveness by reducing the amount
of hormones, blood components, and other
medications administered by GC and reducing bed
days. In comparison with traditional treatment,
remission was achieved 3.7% earlier in the acute form
of ATP and 4.2% earlier in the chronic form of ITP.
CONCLUSIONS
1. Inhaled administration of corticosteroid hormones in
a dosed cold form on a Boreal nebulizer device to
patients with acute and chronic forms of ATP is an
alternative to the existing traditional method of
conservative
treatment.
From
the
inhaled
administration of HA, in comparison with traditional
treatment, remission was obtained earlier in the acute
form of ATP by 3.7, in the chronic form of ITP by 4.2 bed
days. It prevents a number of complications of
corticosteroid therapy and transmission of parenteral
hemotransmissive infection.
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2. Inhaled administration of corticosteroid hormones in
patients with ATP disease is indicated, especially in
children and in people with diseases of the
gastrointestinal tract. It is contraindicated in patients
with severe general condition on the background of
the
underlying
disease
and
intolerance
to
corticosteroid inhalation.
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