Volume 03 Issue 10-2023
79
International Journal of Medical Sciences And Clinical Research
(ISSN
–
2771-2265)
VOLUME
03
ISSUE
10
P
AGES
:
79-82
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.
694
)
(2022:
5.
893
)
(2023:
6.
184
)
OCLC
–
1121105677
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
ABSTRACT
The work summarizes both the results of many years of research by the author and his collaborators, and the ideas
available in the literature. The principles of classification of intrauterine infections (IUI) and approaches to their
laboratory and morphological diagnosis are discussed. Original schemes for various infection options are presented.
Characteristics of both the most well-known and less studied etiological forms of IUI are given.
KEYWORDS
Pathogenesis, intrauterine infections, etiology, clinical and morphological comparisons.
INTRODUCTION
Intrauterine infections (IUI) are currently one of the
leading pathologies in childhood. They not only lead to
a high mortality rate, especially in the perinatal period,
but in some cases are also the cause of profound
disability caused by congenital malformations and
chronic diseases [1].
IUIs have different meanings in different observations.
First of all, they can themselves be fatal. Along with
this, IUIs sharply disrupt the compensatory and
adaptive mechanisms of the fetus - child and, in
connection with this, contribute to the onset of death
from other causes. Among them, asphyxia is of
greatest importance in the perinatal period. In
addition, IUI often leads to premature birth, which is of
significant importance as a background condition for
the development of new infectious and non-infectious
diseases in the neonatal period and even later.
MАTЕRIАLS АND MЕTHОDS
Research Article
INTRAUTERINE INFECTIONS: A MODERN VIEW AT THE PROBLEM
Submission Date:
October 20, 2023,
Accepted Date:
October 25, 2023,
Published Date:
October 30, 2023
Crossref doi:
https://doi.org/10.37547/ijmscr/Volume03Issue10-14
Mamathujaev Azamatjon Saidakbarovich
Department Of Infectious Diseases Andijan State Medical Institute Uzbekistan, Andijan
Journal
Website:
https://theusajournals.
com/index.php/ijmscr
Copyright:
Original
content from this work
may be used under the
terms of the creative
commons
attributes
4.0 licence.
Volume 03 Issue 10-2023
80
International Journal of Medical Sciences And Clinical Research
(ISSN
–
2771-2265)
VOLUME
03
ISSUE
10
P
AGES
:
79-82
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.
694
)
(2022:
5.
893
)
(2023:
6.
184
)
OCLC
–
1121105677
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
Speaking about the clinical manifestations of
intrauterine infections, it should be noted that they are
quite polymorphic, which depends not so much on the
etiology of the process, but on the topography of the
lesions and their severity. Recently, special attention of
many clinicians and morphologists has been attracted
to perinatal infectious lesions of the brain of various
etiologies, which often determine both the death of
the child and his disability [2]. In a complex clinical and
laboratory study of 42 children (aged 3 to 15 years) with
various
perinatal
brain
lesions
(asthenia,
psychoneurological disorders, brainstem symptoms,
extrapyramidal, pyramidal, cerebellar, epileptic,
diencephalic syndromes , headache of a meningeal-
vascular nature) showed a significant presence of an
infectious process with probable intrauterine infection
in 39 people (93%). Neurochlamydia is most often
diagnosed (73%), often as part of a mixed infection.
Targeted etiotropic therapy led to a clear clinical effect
in the vast majority of cases [3].
RЕSULTS АND DISСUSSIОN
In recent years, progress has been made in the study of
general pathological processes, in particular, new ideas
about the disease formulated by D.S. Sarkisov,
according to which it also includes the preclinical stage,
makes us critically think about a number of terms
related to infectious pathology. The traditional
distinction
between
the
terms
“Infection”,
“Infection”, “Infectious process”, “Infectious disease”
is associated with a focus on the presence or absence
of clinical manifestations, which currently cannot be a
sufficient differentiation criterion. From a theoretical
point of view, it would be more important to identify
and assess the degree of damage directly or indirectly
associated with exposure to a biological pathogen, and
the various responses of the macroorganism.
Obviously, this is fully possible only when using the
widest range of electron microscopic, biochemical,
immunological, molecular biological methods and is
not really feasible in practical work.
The above forces us in practice not to distinguish
between infection and the preclinical stage of an
infectious disease and between the terms “Infection”
and “Infectious disease”. Much more important, from
our point of view, is the idea of an extremely wide
range of outcomes of interaction between macro- and
microorganisms, due to a very large number of factors
on both sides, as well as the possibility of changing the
manifestations of the disease under the influence of
various external factors.
Currently, different points of view are expressed in the
literature about the reliability of etiological verification
of the process. Quite often it is said that it is mandatory
to use modern molecular biological methods (PCR, in
situ hybridization). Our experience allows us to state
with complete confidence that obtaining matching
results using at least two traditional methods
(histology, IF microscopy, serology) gives reliable
Volume 03 Issue 10-2023
81
International Journal of Medical Sciences And Clinical Research
(ISSN
–
2771-2265)
VOLUME
03
ISSUE
10
P
AGES
:
79-82
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.
694
)
(2022:
5.
893
)
(2023:
6.
184
)
OCLC
–
1121105677
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
results. Histological and cytological methods (of
course, when carried out by qualified specialists) allow,
especially during screening studies, to obtain
information valuable for clinicians [6]. At the same
time, the isolated use of only one molecular biological
method (for example, high-quality PCR for the
diagnosis of cytomegaly) can lead to overdiagnosis.
The problem of the interaction of micro- and
macroorganisms at the molecular level is of extremely
great
theoretical
importance,
however,
the
identification of minimal quantities of the pathogen in
the tissues and fluids of a newborn cannot serve as a
reliable basis either for diagnosing the corresponding
infection, much less for prescribing etiotropic
treatment , especially modern cytotoxic antiviral
drugs.
СОNСLUSIОN
By degree of familiarity to clinicians and pathologists:1.
“Classical” intrauterine infections:
–
syphilis;
–
toxoplasmosis;
–
cytomegaly;
–
listeriosis;
–
hepatitis;
-
rubella.
2. “New” intrauterine infections:
–
mycoplasmosis;
–
chlamydia;
–
herpes.
3. “Newest” intrauterine infections:
-
HIV infection;
–
infection caused by parvovirus B19.
RЕFЕRЕNСЕS
1.
Tsinzerling, V.A. Perinatal infections. Issues of
pathogenesis, morphological diagnosis and
clinical and morphological comparisons: a
practical guide / V.A. Zinzerling, V.F. Melnikova.
–
St. Petersburg: Elbi St. Petersburg, 2012.
–
352
p.
2.
Tsinzerling, V.A. Infectious lesions of the
nervous
system:
issues
of
etiology,
pathogenesis and diagnosis: a guide for
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2nd ed. corr., add.
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St. Petersburg: Elbi St.
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3.
Vainshenker, Yu.I. Little-manifest infections of
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Infectious diseases.
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49.
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Умаров,
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ТЕСТИРОВАНИЯ
ПО
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Volume 03 Issue 10-2023
82
International Journal of Medical Sciences And Clinical Research
(ISSN
–
2771-2265)
VOLUME
03
ISSUE
10
P
AGES
:
79-82
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.
694
)
(2022:
5.
893
)
(2023:
6.
184
)
OCLC
–
1121105677
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
Journal of Education, Social Science &
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A.V.
Modern
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Zinzerling.
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