Volume 04 Issue 09-2024
26
International Journal of Medical Sciences And Clinical Research
(ISSN
–
2771-2265)
VOLUME
04
ISSUE
09
P
AGES
:
26-32
OCLC
–
1121105677
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
ABSTRACT
Military service is a very specific type of activity, during which the human div can be exposed to a whole range of
unfavorable factors of various etiologies. The most difficult period in military service is the initial adaptation period,
when the physiological and psychological restructuring of the soldier's div occurs, his adaptation to life and everyday
life, to the requirements of the military environment. Adaptation of military personnel to military activities affects the
success of this activity, as well as the preservation of the health of military personnel. The study of the features of the
process of adaptation to military service seems important for organizing high-quality training of personnel and
achieving the ability of military personnel to withstand significant physical and neuropsychic stress. All this also applies
to students of military educational institutions. In this case, motivation will be understood as a time-limited
psychophysiological process that controls the behavior of an individual, setting its direction, organization, activity and
stability; the ability of a person to actively satisfy his needs, while further acting in the interests of the state and society.
One of the important areas of this work, which has great practical significance, is the study, assessment and
Research Article
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN CARDIOINTERVALOGRAPHY INDICATORS
AND PSYCHOLOGICAL COMPONENTS OF THE ADAPTIVE POTENTIAL OF
CADETS IN THE FIRST YEAR OF STUDY
Submission Date:
Sep 06, 2024,
Accepted Date:
Sep 11, 2024,
Published Date:
Sep 16, 2024
Crossref doi:
https://doi.org/10.37547/ijmscr/Volume04Issue09-05
Tursunov A.A.
Doctor; (independent seeker), Military Medical Academy Tashkent, Uzbekistan
Kurtiyeva SH.A.
Center for the development of professional qualifications of medical personnel, professor of the department
of functional diagnostics, Military Medical Academy, Tashkent, Uzbekistan
Muxamedova M.G.
Head of the Department of Functional Diagnostics of the Center for the Development of Professional
Qualifications of Medical Staff, Military Medical Academy, Tashkent, Uzbekistan
J.A. Djuraev
Associate Professor, Tashkent Medical Academy, Uzbekistan
Journal
Website:
https://theusajournals.
com/index.php/ijmscr
Copyright:
Original
content from this work
may be used under the
terms of the creative
commons
attributes
4.0 licence.
Volume 04 Issue 09-2024
27
International Journal of Medical Sciences And Clinical Research
(ISSN
–
2771-2265)
VOLUME
04
ISSUE
09
P
AGES
:
26-32
OCLC
–
1121105677
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
forecasting of the adaptive capabilities of the cadets' div. Most often, psychological diagnostic methods are used
to determine the level of adaptation, but recently instrumental research methods, in particular, heart rate variability
analysis, have become increasingly widespread.
KEYWORDS
Adaptation period, military service, cadets, psychological diagnostics, heart rate variability.
INTRODUCTION
The aim of the study
was to examine the relationship
between the indicators of cardiointervalography and
the psychological components of the adaptive
potential of the individual (API) when assessing the
functional state of the div of 1st year cadets.
The object of the study
were cadets during their
training at the Armed Forces Academy during 2022-
2024. The research involved 59 cadets of the 1st and
2nd courses. The average age was 19.5±3 years. Group
1 included cadets serving on conscription and students
of the Military Academic Lyceum (TM HAL). The
number of subjects was 34 people. Group 2 included
cadets who entered the Academy after graduating
from secondary school. The number of subjects was 25
people.
METHODS
To study the adaptation processes, a multi-level
personality survey was conducted - according to the
Adaptability questionnaire (MLO-A), developed by
Maklakov A.G.
The methodology is based on the concept of
adaptation as a continuous process of active
adjustment of a person to constantly changing
conditions of the social environment and professional
activity. The effectiveness of adaptation largely
depends on how realistically a person perceives
himself and his social connections, accurately
measures his needs with the available opportunities
and is aware of the motives of his behavior. A distorted
or insufficiently developed idea of oneself leads to a
violation of adaptation, which can be accompanied by
increased conflict, disruption of relationships,
decreased performance and deterioration of health.
Cases of severe adaptation disorders can lead to gross
violations of military discipline, law and order, suicidal
behavior, disruption of professional activity and the
development of diseases. The questionnaire contains
Volume 04 Issue 09-2024
28
International Journal of Medical Sciences And Clinical Research
(ISSN
–
2771-2265)
VOLUME
04
ISSUE
09
P
AGES
:
26-32
OCLC
–
1121105677
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
165 questions and has certain scales. The results are
processed according to four "keys" corresponding to
the scales: "reliability", "neuropsychic stability",
"communicative potential", "moral normativity",
"adaptive abilities". The subject can answer each
question of the test with "yes" or "no". Therefore,
when processing the results, the number of answers
that match the "key" is taken into account. Each match
with the "key" is estimated at one "raw point".
The study of the functional state of the regulatory
mechanisms of the cardiovascular system was carried
out using the variation cardiointervalometry (VCI)
method. The removal, recording and analysis of
electrocardiogram signals were carried out using the
UPFT "Psychophysiologist" (OOO Medikom MTD,
Taganrog), with electrodes built into the device div.
The subject held the device in his hands, tightly
pressing his palms to the electrodes. Based on the
heart rate calculation, heart rate variability was
assessed at five functional levels: the functional state
of the div is normal; the functional state is close to
optimal; the functional state is acceptable; the
functional state is extremely acceptable; the functional
state is negative stress; the functional state is critical.
Mathematical and statistical processing of the
experimental material was carried out using the
Microsoft Excel spreadsheet editor and the Statistica
6.0 software package.
RESULTS
The results of psychological testing showed that in the
examined sample, 1 group of high and normal
adaptation (33.9%) and 2 groups (8.5%). With
satisfactory adaptation 1 group (22%) and 2 groups
(30.5%). With low adaptation 1 group (1.7%) and 2
groups (3.4%). 1 group of good adaptive abilities.
People of this group easily adapt to new conditions of
activity, quickly "enter" a new team, navigate the
situation quite easily and adequately, quickly develop a
strategy for their behavior and socialization. As a rule,
they are not conflict-prone, have high emotional
stability. The functional state of people of this group
during the adaptation period remains within the
normal range, performance is maintained. In group 2,
most people of this group have signs of various
accentuations, which are partially compensated in
familiar conditions and can manifest themselves when
changing activities. Therefore, the success of
adaptation largely depends on external environmental
conditions. These people, as a rule, have low emotional
stability. The socialization process is complicated,
antisocial breakdowns, manifestation of aggression
and conflict are possible. The functional state in the
initial stages of adaptation may be disrupted. People in
this group require constant monitoring.
Volume 04 Issue 09-2024
29
International Journal of Medical Sciences And Clinical Research
(ISSN
–
2771-2265)
VOLUME
04
ISSUE
09
P
AGES
:
26-32
OCLC
–
1121105677
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
Table 1. Adaptation indicators by groups (Methodology of MLO A.G. Maklakov)
Level of adaptive abilities
1 group (n=34)
Group 2 (n=25)
Quantity
%
Quantity
%
High and normal adaptation
groups
20
33,9 %
5
8,5 %
Satisfactory adaptation group 13
22 %
18
30,5 %
Low adaptation group
1
1,7 %
2
3,4 %
Fig. 1. Adaptation indicators based on the results of the psychological survey according
to Maklakov A.G.
The study of the functional state of the regulatory
systems of the cadets' div based on heart rate
variability data revealed the following: normal -
observed in 32.3% of cadets in group 1 and 16% in group
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
1 group
2 group
0
0
high and normal adaptation
satisfactory adaptation
low adaptation
Volume 04 Issue 09-2024
30
International Journal of Medical Sciences And Clinical Research
(ISSN
–
2771-2265)
VOLUME
04
ISSUE
09
P
AGES
:
26-32
OCLC
–
1121105677
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
2; close to optimal - in 50% of group 1 and 40% in group
2, acceptable - 11.7% of cadets in groups 1 and 28% in
groups 2, the functional state is maximum acceptable
in 5.8% of group 1 and 16% of group 2.
Thus, according to the obtained results, in the majority
of cadets in the first (50%) and slightly fewer in the
second (40%) groups, the functional state of the
regulatory mechanisms was close to optimal and was
characterized by normocardia (with a heart rate below
average values), i.e. an optimal heart rhythm, which
indicates a balanced influence of the autonomous and
central regulatory circuits. In this group, a slight
predominance of the trophotropic function was also
observed (responsible for such imbalances as
hyperhidrosis,
dilation
of
peripheral
vessels,
hypotension,
increased
intestinal
peristalsis,
bradycardia, hypersalivation), which indicated a
possible, slight predominance of parasympathetic
influences.
In another group of cadets, which included both
representatives of groups 1 and 2, the features of the
adaptation of the autonomic nervous system in the
first year of training consisted of a shift in the
autonomic balance towards the predominance of the
sympathetic nervous system. All indicators of heart
rate variability indicate a decrease in the ability of the
sinus node to concentrate the heart rate, high
mobilization of the circulatory organs, and an increase
in the degree of centralization of heart rate control.
Table 2. Indicators of the functional state of regulatory mechanisms according to HRV
indicators.
HRV by functional levels
1 group (n=34)
Group 2 (n=25)
Quantity
%
Quantity
%
The functional state of the
div is normal;
11
32,3%
4
16%
the functional state is close
to optimal;
17
50%
10
40%
the functional state is
acceptable;
4
11,7%
7
28%
the functional state is
maximally acceptable;
2
5,8%
4
16%
Volume 04 Issue 09-2024
31
International Journal of Medical Sciences And Clinical Research
(ISSN
–
2771-2265)
VOLUME
04
ISSUE
09
P
AGES
:
26-32
OCLC
–
1121105677
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
Fig. 2. Indicators of the state of regulatory mechanisms according to the HRV indicators
Such manifestations of the shift of the vegetative
balance towards sympathicotonia can be associated
with the intensification of the educational process,
psychoemotional stress. This can be explained by the
following: high-intensity loads of the special
preparatory period of training increase the exhaustion
of the functional capabilities of the cardiovascular and
central nervous systems, which negatively affects the
state of regulatory mechanisms and, ultimately, the
physical condition of cadets.
Comparison of groups with a low and medium / high
level of PAP revealed significant differences between
them in a number of indicators of the CVS. Indicators
reflecting the activity of the parasympathetic link of
the regulation of the CVS were higher in more adaptive
individuals with a higher level of PAP. These were
mainly cadets of group 1.
Cadets with a low level of PAP were generally
characterized by the predominance of the influence of
sympathetic mechanisms on the state of the CVS. In
individuals with a low level of psychological
adaptability, a fairly pronounced tendency towards
less variability in intervals between heart contractions
is manifested. This feature reflects a certain stabilizing
effect of centralization of heart rhythm control, which
is mainly due to the increased degree of activation of
the sympathetic division of the ANS and a decrease in
the activity of the autonomous circuit of cardiac
regulation.
Considering that the above indicators prevailed among
the cadets of the 2nd group, it can be stated that the
cadets of this group are more likely to experience not
only overstrain of the physiological, but also
psychological regulatory systems. We believe that it is
0.00%
10.00%
20.00%
30.00%
40.00%
50.00%
60.00%
1 group
2 group
the functional state of the div is normal;
functional state close to optimal
functional state is acceptable
functional state is maximum permissible
Volume 04 Issue 09-2024
32
International Journal of Medical Sciences And Clinical Research
(ISSN
–
2771-2265)
VOLUME
04
ISSUE
09
P
AGES
:
26-32
OCLC
–
1121105677
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
necessary to take into account the upper limits of the
scales, the excess of which in the "average" cadet may
indicate the risk of failure of adaptation with an
inadequate change in the level of functioning of the
main biological systems of the div and psyche.
Thus, the study of the adaptation processes of 1st-year
cadets of military educational institutions using
psychological tests and heart rate variability indicators
allows us to identify a group with an insufficient level
of adaptation and the possibility of its failure. This will
allow for timely correction of disorders, enhance the
div's ability to adapt to new conditions, increase the
stock of functional reserves and the ability to mobilize
them in a timely manner, preventing depletion of
regulatory mechanisms.
CONCLUSIONS
1. Cadets of group 2 with low LAP scores are usually
characterized by the predominance of the influence of
the central control circuit in regulating the heart rate
and the effects of sympathetic mechanisms on the
state of the cardiovascular system. In group 1 cadets
with average/high LAP scores, the influence of
parasympathetic and sympathetic mechanisms on this
system is more balanced.
2. The indicators of the VCM in a state of physiological
rest can be considered as prognostic characteristics in
relation to not only biological but also psychological
adaptability of an individual.
3. Motivated adolescents (who have entered military
service and graduates of Military Academic Lyceums)
adapt to military service more easily.
REFERENCES
1.
Баевский Р.М. Вариабельность сердечного
ритма: теоретические аспекты и возможности
клинического применения. //Ультразвуковая и
функциональная диагностика.
-2001. -
№ 3. –С.
108-127.
2.
Детская вегетология. Под ред. Р.Р. Шиляева, Е.В.
Неудахина. М.: ИД "МЕДПРАКТИКА
-
М".
-2008. -
408 с.
3.
Ковалев И.А., Плотникова И.В., Безляк В.В.
Современные аспекты профилактики факторов
риска
развития
сердечно
-
сосудистых
заболеваний
у
детей
и
подростков
с
применением информационных технологий. //
Педиатрия. –
2009.-
№ 3. –С. 96
-99.
4.
Леонтьева
И.В.
Современное
состояние
проблем диагностики, лечения и профилактики
артериальной гипертонии у детей и подростков.
//Российский
вестник
перинатологии
и
педиатрии. –
2002. -
№ 1. –С. 38
-45.
5.
Михайлов Н.А., Дмитриев Д.А. Функциональная
ассиметрия и вариабельность сердечного ритма
у школьников // Современные проблемы науки и
образования. –
2011.
–
№ 5. –
С. 1
-8
